JP7299990B2 - 複合材電気泳動粒子およびこれを含む可変式透過性フィルム - Google Patents
複合材電気泳動粒子およびこれを含む可変式透過性フィルム Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2019年2月25日出願の米国特許出願第62/809,978号(これは、その全体において参考として援用される)の優先権を主張する。
本発明は、可変式透過性デバイスに関する。より具体的には、本発明は、可変式透過性デバイスの光学的性能を改善し得る複合粒子を含む電気泳動媒体を含む可変式透過性デバイスに関する。
従って、受容可能な切り替え速度および低曇価を有する可変式透過性デバイスに組み込まれ得る改善された双安定性電気光学媒体の必要性が存在する。
1つの局面において、電気光学媒体は、結合材中に複数のマイクロカプセルを含み、上記マイクロカプセルは、分散物を含み、上記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、上記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で上記懸濁流体を通って動く。上記複合粒子は、マンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされる。上記結合材、上記荷電複合粒子、および上記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、上記複合粒子と、上記結合材および懸濁流体のうちの少なくとも一方との間の屈折率の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい。
一般に、本発明の種々の実施形態は、荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体の被包化分散物を含む電気光学媒体であって、ここで上記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で上記懸濁流体を通って動く電気光学媒体を提供する。上記複合粒子は、好ましくは、ポリマー材料の中に埋め込まれた顔料粒子から構成される。上記媒体の光学的特性は、顔料粒子タイプおよびサイズ、ならびに上記ポリマーコーティングのタイプおよび厚みによって制御される。上記流体の屈折率は、好ましくは、上記複合粒子の全体の屈折率にマッチし、その結果、上記複合粒子のサイズは、光の散乱に影響を及ぼされず、従って、曇価のレベルに寄与しない。同時に、上記複合粒子は、上記システムの良好な電気泳動制御を提供するために十分の大きい。さらに、上記ポリマーコーティングは、顔料粒子間の分離を提供して、曇価を生じ得る大きな集合体の形成を阻害する。
(a)電気泳動粒子、流体および流体添加剤; 例えば、米国特許第5,961,804号;同第6,017,584号;同第6,120,588号;同第6,120,839号;同第6,262,706号;同第6,262,833号;同第6,300,932号;同第6,323,989号;同第6,377,387号;同第6,515,649号;同第6,538,801号;同第6,580,545号;同第6,652,075号;同第6,693,620号;同第6,721,083号;同第6,727,881号;同第6,822,782号;同第6,831,771号;同第6,870,661号;同第6,927,892号;同第6,956,690号;同第6,958,849号;同第7,002,728号;同第7,038,655号;同第7,052,766号;同第7,110,162号;同第7,113,323号;同第7,141,688号;同第7,142,351号;同第7,170,670号;同第7,180,649号;同第7,226,550号;同第7,230,750号;同第7,230,751号;同第7,236,290号;同第7,247,379号;同第7,277,218;号;同第7,286,279号;同第7,312,916号;同第7,375,875号;同第7,382,514号;同第7,390,901号;同第7,411,720号;同第7,473,782号;同第7,532,388号;同第7,532,389号;同第7,572,394号;同第7,576,904号;同第7,580,180号;同第7,679,814号;同第7,746,544号;同第7,767,112号;同第7,848,006号;同第7,903,319号;同第7,951,938号;同第8,018,640号;同第8,115,729号;同第8,119,802号;同第8,199,395号;同第8,257,614号;同第8,270,064号;同第8,305,341号;同第8,361,620号;同第8,363,306号;同第8,390,918号;同第8,582,196号;同第8,593,718号;同第8,654,436号;同第8,902,491号;同第8,961,831号;同第9,052,564号;同第9,114,663号;同第9,158,174号;同第9,341,915号;同第9,348,193号;同第9,361,836号;同第9,366,935号;同第9,372,380号;同第9,382,427号;および同第9,423,666号;ならびに米国特許出願公開第2003/0048522号;同第2003/0151029号;同第2003/0164480号;同第2003/0169227号;同第2003/0197916号;同第2004/0030125号;同第2005/0012980号;同第2005/0136347号;同第2006/0132896号;同第2006/0281924号;同第2007/0268567号;同第2009/0009852号;同第2009/0206499号;同第2009/0225398号;同第2010/0148385号;同第2011/0217639号;同第2012/0049125号;同第2012/0112131号;同第2013/0161565号;同第2013/0193385号;同第2013/0244149号;同第2014/0011913号;同第2014/0078024号;同第2014/0078573号;同第2014/0078576号;同第2014/0078857号;同第2014/0104674号;同第2014/0231728号;同第2014/0339481号;同第2014/0347718号;同第2015/0015932号;同第2015/0177589号;同第2015/0177590号;同第2015/0185509号;同第2015/0218384号;同第2015/0241754号;同第2015/0248045号;同第2015/0301425号;同第2015/0378236号;同第2016/0139483号;および同第2016/0170106号を参照のこと;
(b)カプセル、結合材および被包プロセス; 例えば、米国特許第5,930,026号;同第6,067,185号;同第6,130,774号;同第6,172,798号;同第6,249,271号;同第6,327,072号;同第6,392,785号;同第6,392,786号;同第6,459,418号;同第6,839,158号;同第6,866,760号;同第6,922,276号;同第6,958,848号;同第6,987,603号;同第7,061,663号;同第7,071,913号;同第7,079,305号;同第7,109,968号;同第7,110,164号;同第7,184,197号;同第7,202,991号;同第7,242,513号;同第7,304,634号;同第7,339,715号;同第7,391,555号;同第7,411,719号;同第7,477,444号;同第7,561,324号;同第7,848,007号;同第7,910,175号;同第7,952,790号;同第7,955,532号;同第8,035,886号;同第8,129,655号;同第8,446,664号;および同第9,005,494号;ならびに米国特許出願公開第2005/0156340号;同第2007/0091417号;同第2008/0130092号;同第2009/0122389号;および同第2011/0286081号を参照のこと;
(c)マイクロセル構造、壁材料、およびマイクロセルを形成する方法; 例えば、米国特許第7,072,095号および同第9,279,906号を参照のこと;
(d)マイクロセルを満たし、シールするための方法; 例えば、米国特許第7,144,942号および同第7,715,088号を参照のこと;
(e)電気光学式材料を含むフィルムおよび部分アセンブリ; 例えば、米国特許第6,982,178号および同第7,839,564号を参照のこと;
(f)バックプレーン、接着層および他の補助層ならびにディスプレイにおいて使用される方法; 例えば、米国特許第7,116,318号および同第7,535,624号を参照のこと;
(g)カラー形成およびカラー調節; 例えば、米国特許第7,075,502号および同第7,839,564号を参照のこと;
(h)ディスプレイを駆動するための方法; 例えば、米国特許第7,012,600号および同第7,453,445号を参照のこと;ならびに
(i)ディスプレイの適用; 例えば、米国特許第7,312,784号および同第8,009,348号を参照のこと。
例えば、本発明は、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
結合材および複数のマイクロカプセルを含む電気光学媒体であって、各マイクロカプセルは、分散物を含み、前記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、前記荷電粒子は、電場の影響下で前記懸濁流体を通って動き、
ここで前記複合粒子は、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、前記顔料粒子は、マンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、
前記結合材、前記複合粒子、および前記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、前記複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体および結合材のうちの少なくとも一方の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、
電気光学媒体。
(項目2)
前記屈折率の各々は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目3)
前記複合粒子の屈折率と前記懸濁流体および前記結合材の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目4)
前記顔料粒子は、カーボンブラックを含む、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目5)
前記ポリマー材料は、メタクリル酸メチル、ジメタクリル酸ヘキサンジオール、メタクリル酸トリフルオロエチル、メタクリル酸トリメトキシシリルプロピル、メタクリル酸tert-ブチル、メタクリル酸イソブチル、メタクリル酸ベンジル、メタクリル酸2-フルオロエチル、アクリル酸トリフルオロエチル、アクリル酸ヘプタフルオロブチル、アクリル酸ヘプタフルオロイソプロピル、アクリル酸2-メトキシエチル、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択されるモノマーに由来する、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目6)
前記ポリマー材料は、ポリメタクリル酸メチルを含む、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目7)
前記ポリマー材料は、ポリエチレンアミンと、スチレンおよびマレイン酸無水物を含むコポリマーとの反応生成物を含む、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目8)
前記顔料粒子は、0.01~0.2μmの直径を有する、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目9)
前記ポリマー材料は、0.3~0.7μmの厚みを有する、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目10)
前記懸濁流体は、脂肪族炭化水素、テルペン、芳香族炭化水素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される溶媒を含む、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目11)
前記結合材は、水溶性ポリマー、水性ポリマー、油溶性ポリマー、熱硬化性および熱可塑性ポリマー、放射線硬化性ポリマー、ならびにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目12)
前記結合材は、フィッシュゼラチンおよびポリアニオンを含む、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目13)
4:1~50:1のマイクロカプセル 対 結合材の重量比を含む、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目14)
前記ポリマー材料の屈折率は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、項目1に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目15)
項目1に記載の電気光学媒体の層および前記電気光学媒体の層に近接した光透過性導電性材料の層を含む、可変式透過性フィルム。
(項目16)
電気光学媒体の層は、光透過性導電性材料の第1の層と第2の層との間に配置される、項目15に記載の可変式透過性フィルム。
(項目17)
複数のシールされたマイクロセルを含むポリマーシートを含む電気光学媒体であって、各マイクロセルは、分散物を含み、前記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、前記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で前記懸濁流体を通って動き、
前記複合粒子は、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、前記顔料粒子は、マンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、
前記ポリマーシート、前記荷電複合粒子、および前記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、前記複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体およびポリマーシートのうちの少なくとも一方の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、
電気光学媒体。
(項目18)
前記複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体および前記ポリマーシートの屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、項目17に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目19)
前記ポリマー材料の屈折率は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、項目17に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目20)
連続ポリマー相中に複数の液滴を含む電気光学媒体であって、各液滴は、分散物を含み、前記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、前記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で前記懸濁流体を通って動き、
ここで前記複合粒子は、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、前記顔料粒子は、マンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、
前記連続ポリマー相、前記荷電複合粒子、および前記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、前記複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体および連続ポリマー相のうちの少なくとも一方の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、
電気光学媒体。
(項目21)
前記複合粒子と屈折率と前記懸濁流体および前記連続ポリマー相の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、項目20に記載の電気光学媒体。
(項目22)
前記ポリマー材料の屈折率は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、項目20に記載の電気光学媒体。
Claims (18)
- 結合材および複数のマイクロカプセルを含む電気光学媒体であって、各マイクロカプセルは、分散物を含み、前記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、前記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で前記懸濁流体を通って動き、
ここで前記荷電複合粒子は、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、前記顔料粒子は、0.01~0.2μmの直径を有し、そしてマンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、
前記結合材、前記荷電複合粒子、および前記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、前記荷電複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体および前記結合材の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、
電気光学媒体。 - 前記屈折率の各々は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記顔料粒子は、カーボンブラックを含む、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記ポリマー材料は、メタクリル酸メチル、ジメタクリル酸ヘキサンジオール、メタクリル酸トリフルオロエチル、メタクリル酸トリメトキシシリルプロピル、メタクリル酸tert-ブチル、メタクリル酸イソブチル、メタクリル酸ベンジル、メタクリル酸2-フルオロエチル、アクリル酸トリフルオロエチル、アクリル酸ヘプタフルオロブチル、アクリル酸ヘプタフルオロイソプロピル、アクリル酸2-メトキシエチル、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択されるモノマーに由来する、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記ポリマー材料は、ポリメタクリル酸メチルを含む、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記ポリマー材料は、ポリエチレンイミンと、スチレンおよびマレイン酸無水物を含むコポリマーとの反応生成物を含む、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記ポリマー材料は、0.3~0.7μmの厚みを有する、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記懸濁流体は、脂肪族炭化水素、テルペン、芳香族炭化水素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される溶媒を含む、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記結合材は、水溶性ポリマー、水性ポリマー、油溶性ポリマー、熱硬化性および熱可塑性ポリマー、放射線硬化性ポリマー、ならびにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記結合材は、フィッシュゼラチンおよびポリアニオンを含む、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 15:1~50:1のマイクロカプセル 対 結合材の重量比を含む、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 前記ポリマー材料の屈折率は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 請求項1に記載の電気光学媒体の層および前記電気光学媒体の層に近接した光透過性導電性材料の層を含む、可変式透過性フィルム。
- 電気光学媒体の層は、光透過性導電性材料の第1の層と第2の層との間に配置される、請求項13に記載の可変式透過性フィルム。
- 複数のシールされたマイクロセルを含むポリマーシートを含む電気光学媒体であって、各マイクロセルは、分散物を含み、前記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、前記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で前記懸濁流体を通って動き、
前記荷電複合粒子は、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、前記顔料粒子は、0.01~0.2μmの直径を有し、そしてマンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、
前記ポリマーシート、前記荷電複合粒子、および前記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、前記荷電複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体および前記ポリマーシートの屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、
電気光学媒体。 - 前記ポリマー材料の屈折率は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、請求項15に記載の電気光学媒体。
- 連続ポリマー相中に複数の液滴を含む電気光学媒体であって、各液滴は、分散物を含み、前記分散物は、複数の荷電複合粒子および懸濁流体を含み、前記荷電複合粒子は、電場の影響下で前記懸濁流体を通って動き、
ここで前記荷電複合粒子は、ポリマー材料で少なくとも部分的にコーティングされた1またはこれより多くの顔料粒子を含み、前記顔料粒子は、0.01~0.2μmの直径を有し、そしてマンガンフェライトブラックスピネル、銅クロマイトブラックスピネル、カーボンブラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、
前記連続ポリマー相、前記荷電複合粒子、および前記懸濁流体の各々は、屈折率を有し、前記荷電複合粒子の屈折率と、前記懸濁流体および前記連続ポリマー相の屈折率との間の差異は、550nmにおいて0.05未満またはこれに等しい、
電気光学媒体。 - 前記ポリマー材料の屈折率は、550nmにおいて1.5より大きいかまたはこれに等しい、請求項17に記載の電気光学媒体。
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JP2007531016A (ja) | 2004-03-23 | 2007-11-01 | イー インク コーポレイション | 光変調器 |
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EP3931632A1 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
US11567388B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
TWI764095B (zh) | 2022-05-11 |
JP2023054153A (ja) | 2023-04-13 |
WO2020176193A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
EP3931632A4 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
JP2022520049A (ja) | 2022-03-28 |
KR20240015750A (ko) | 2024-02-05 |
CA3123308C (en) | 2023-10-17 |
TW202102614A (zh) | 2021-01-16 |
CN113330365A (zh) | 2021-08-31 |
US20230148203A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
KR102632666B1 (ko) | 2024-02-01 |
KR20210098553A (ko) | 2021-08-10 |
US20200272017A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
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