JP7175359B2 - 半導体装置及びパワーモジュール - Google Patents
半導体装置及びパワーモジュール Download PDFInfo
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- JP7175359B2 JP7175359B2 JP2021136430A JP2021136430A JP7175359B2 JP 7175359 B2 JP7175359 B2 JP 7175359B2 JP 2021136430 A JP2021136430 A JP 2021136430A JP 2021136430 A JP2021136430 A JP 2021136430A JP 7175359 B2 JP7175359 B2 JP 7175359B2
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Description
既に説明したように、パワーモジュールのジャンクション温度Tjの上昇とともに、パワーサイクル耐量がアルミワイヤでは厳しくなっている。そこで、比較例1に係る半導体装置では、図1に示すように、銅ワイヤ18を使用して第1の基板電極10Bと第2の基板電極20Bとを接続している。具体的には、第1の基板電極10B上に半導体チップ12を配置し、半導体チップ12上のソースパッド電極14の所定位置18Bに超音波を印加し、銅ワイヤ18を接合している。符号16はゲートパッド電極である。
(半導体装置)
図2は、第1の実施の形態に係る半導体装置の模式的鳥瞰図である。
図3は、第1の実施の形態に係る半導体装置のシミュレーションモデルを示す模式的断面構造図である。ここでは、図3に示すように、シリコンカーバイド(SiC)ベースの半導体チップ12上に酸化膜25が形成され、酸化膜25上にアルミニウム電極26が形成され、アルミニウム電極26上にメッキ工程で金(Au)薄膜28が形成され、金薄膜28上に銀焼成キャップ22が形成されている。
既に説明したように、パワーモジュールのジャンクション温度Tjの上昇とともに、パワーサイクル耐量がアルミワイヤでは厳しくなっている。そこで、比較例2に係る半導体装置では、図5に示すように、リード材や電極柱などの上部配線24を使用して第1の基板電極10Bと第2の基板電極20Bとを接続している。
(半導体装置)
図6は、第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置の模式的鳥瞰図である。
図7は、第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置のシミュレーションモデル1(キャップ構造)を示す模式的断面構造図である。図7に示すように、シミュレーションモデル1では、Pbフリー系のはんだ17Aを銀焼成キャップ22上に使用している。はんだ17A,17Bの膜厚は100μmであり、銀焼成キャップ22の膜厚は50μmである場合を想定している。基板電極10Bの裏面は、65℃で冷却されることを想定している。
次に、疲労寿命の算出方法について説明する。非弾性ひずみ(塑性ひずみ、クリープひずみ)が発生するような大きな負荷を繰り返しかけて、少ない繰り返し数(105サイクル以下)で疲労破壊させる場合を低サイクル疲労と呼ぶ。低サイクル疲労の疲労寿命は以下に示すマンソン・コフィン則で表される。
以下、第1又は第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置の製造方法について説明する。
以下、第1又は第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置を複数個備えるパワーモジュールの構成について説明する。
次に、超音波で接合する際の接合エネルギーについて説明する。
第1又は第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置のΔTjパワーサイクルテストにおける電流ICと温度Tの変化の模式図は、図22に示すように表される。
第1又は第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置において、熱サイクルテストにおける温度プロファイル例は、図23に示すように表される。熱サイクルテストは大気雰囲気中で行われ、マイナス40℃~プラス150℃の範囲で実施した。熱サイクルの1サイクルの周期は80分であり、その内訳は、マイナス40℃で30分、マイナス40℃からプラス150℃までの昇温時間10分、プラス150℃で30分、プラス150℃からマイナス40℃までの冷却時間10分である。100サイクル毎に順方向電圧降下Vf、逆方向耐圧Vrを測定したが、特性劣化は観測されていない。
パワーサイクル耐量は特性劣化も含めて起こってもその劣化の進行が遅い場合には、パワーサイクル耐量が高いと評価することができる。
第1又は第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置20であって、ワンインワンモジュールのSiC MISFETの模式的回路表現は、図24(a)に示すように表され、ワンインワンモジュールのIGBTの模式的回路表現は、図24(b)に示すように表される。
形態においても半導体デバイスQには、センス用MISFETQsが同一チップ内に、微細トランジスタとして形成されている。
第1又は第2の実施の形態に適用可能な半導体デバイスの例であって、SiC MISFETの模式的断面構造は、図27(a)に示すように表され、IGBTの模式的断面構造は、図27(b)に示すように表される。
第1又は第2の実施の形態に適用可能な半導体デバイス110の例であって、SiC DIMISFETの模式的断面構造は、図30に示すように表される。
第1又は第2の実施の形態に適用可能な半導体デバイス110の例であって、SiC TMISFETの模式的断面構造は、図31に示すように表される。
構成した3相交流インバータ140Aの模式的回路構成において、半導体デバイスとしてIGBTを適用し、電源端子PL、接地端子NL間にスナバコンデンサCを接続した回路構成例は、図32(b)に示すように表される。
次に、図33を参照して、半導体デバイスとしてSiC MISFETを適用した第1又は第2の実施の形態に係る半導体装置を用いて構成した3相交流インバータ140について説明する。
である。
上記のように、実施の形態について記載したが、この開示の一部をなす論述および図面は例示的なものであり、限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替実施の形態、実施例および運用技術が明らかとなろう。
12…半導体チップ
14…ソースパッド電極
16…ゲートパッド電極
17A,17B,26A,26B…はんだ
18…銅ワイヤ
20B…第2の基板電極
22…高耐熱性の焼成膜(銀焼成キャップ,銅焼成キャップ)
24…上部配線
25…酸化膜
26…アルミニウム電極
28…金薄膜
Tj…ジャンクション温度
Claims (18)
- 絶縁性の基板上に形成された第1の基板電極、第2の基板電極、および第3の基板電極と、
前記第1の基板電極上に配置され、表面と裏面とを有する半導体チップであって、前記表面側に形成されている層間絶縁膜上に形成された制御電極に接続された信号に応じて前記表面側の前記層間絶縁膜上に形成された第1電極と裏面側に形成された第2電極との間のスイッチング動作を行う前記半導体チップと、
前記表面側に形成され、前記制御電極上を除いて前記第1電極を覆う高耐熱性膜と、
前記高耐熱性膜と前記第2の基板電極との間を電気的に接続する第1のワイヤまたは平板状の上部配線と、
前記第3の基板電極と前記制御電極との間を電気的に接続する第3のワイヤと
を備える、半導体装置。 - 前記第1の基板電極および前記第2の基板電極には、外部接続用の端子がそれぞれ接続される、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1電極上の前記高耐熱性膜に接続される前記第1のワイヤまたは前記上部配線とは別に、前記第1電極に直接接続される第4のワイヤを備える、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第4のワイヤが接続される部分の前記第1電極は、前記表面側に前記高耐熱性膜に覆われないように形成される、請求項3に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1乃至第3の基板電極と前記半導体チップと前記第1のワイヤまたは前記上部配線と前記外部接続用の端子の少なくとも一部とを封止する樹脂をさらに備える、請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体チップの前記第1電極と前記第2の基板電極との間を電気的に接続する複数の前記第1のワイヤを前記高耐熱性膜に接合した、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1のワイヤまたは平板状の前記上部配線の厚みは、前記第1乃至第3の基板電極の各々の厚みよりも厚い、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体チップは、第1のSiC MISFETと第2のSiC MISFETとを備え、前記第1のSiC MISFETおよび前記第2のSiC MISFETにそれぞれ逆並列接続される第1のダイオードおよび第2のダイオードが1つのモジュールに内蔵されている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記高耐熱性膜上に第3電極が形成されており、前記第3電極を介して平板状の前記上部配線が前記高耐熱性膜に接合される、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第3電極は前記高耐熱性膜よりも厚い、請求項9に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記高耐熱性膜は、角部を面取りするようにして前記第1電極上にキャップ配置された、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記高耐熱性膜の厚さ範囲が10μm~100μmである、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記高耐熱性膜は、銀焼成膜である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記高耐熱性膜は、銅焼成膜である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1のワイヤは、銅ワイヤ、Alワイヤ若しくは、中心部のCuを覆うようにAlが接合されたクラッドワイヤを備え、
前記第1のワイヤの一方端が超音波接合されている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体チップはパワー用トランジスタを備えており、
前記第1電極が設けられる場所の下方に前記パワー用トランジスタが形成されている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の基板電極には、パワー端子が接続され、前記第2の基板電極には、出力端子が接続され、前記第3の基板電極には、信号電極端子が接続される、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置を複数個備える、パワーモジュール。
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WO2013125022A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-29 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体装置 |
JP6084367B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-06 | 2017-02-22 | 株式会社 日立パワーデバイス | 半導体装置 |
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