JP7039590B2 - 押出ポリアクリロニトリルコポリマ - Google Patents
押出ポリアクリロニトリルコポリマ Download PDFInfo
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- JP7039590B2 JP7039590B2 JP2019531113A JP2019531113A JP7039590B2 JP 7039590 B2 JP7039590 B2 JP 7039590B2 JP 2019531113 A JP2019531113 A JP 2019531113A JP 2019531113 A JP2019531113 A JP 2019531113A JP 7039590 B2 JP7039590 B2 JP 7039590B2
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- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- copolyma
- fibers
- metal ion
- melt
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- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title description 37
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 17
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 zinc (II) ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 201000006292 polyarteritis nodosa Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006240 drawn fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005641 methacryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920006350 polyacrylonitrile resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035985 Body Odor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PLRGTJQMBWOTDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)N(CCN([Si](OC)(OC)OC)[Si](OC)(OC)OC)[Si](OC)(OC)OC PLRGTJQMBWOTDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- FPFKERZHIGFTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(2-trimethoxysilylethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCNCCN FPFKERZHIGFTEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004954 trialkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
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- D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/38—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
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- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
- D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
- D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
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- D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
- D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
- D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/18—Polymers of nitriles
- B29K2033/20—PAN, i.e. polyacrylonitrile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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Description
そのため、上記不利点の少なくともいくつかを克服する難燃性PAN系繊維を製造するためのプロセスを開発することが望ましい。
・アクリレート-C1~C12アルキル、アリールおよび環状アクリレート、例えばアクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸フェニル、アクリル酸イソボニル(isobonyl)
・メタクリレート-C1~C12アルキル、アリールおよび環状メタクリレート、例えばメタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸フェニル、メタクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸2-エチルヘキシルおよびメタクリル酸イソボニル(isobonyl)
・メタクリロニトリル。
・顔料:これらは一般に鉱物酸化物系顔料または有機顔料のいずれかであるが、他のものが当技術分野で知られている。それらは一般に約0.1~1重量%で添加されるが、顔料の性質および所望の色濃度によって、他の濃度が適切である場合がある。
・可塑剤:これらは一般にコポリマと適合する液体である。好適な液体の範囲はコモノマの性質および割合によって変動し得る。有用な可塑剤としては、炭酸プロピレン、炭酸エチレン、ブチレンカーボネートおよびフタレート可塑剤が挙げられる。それらは一般的に、要求される可塑化の程度によって、コポリマの約40重量%まで(または30、20もしくは10%まで)の割合で使用される。
・潤滑剤:これらとしては界面活性剤、例えばポリエーテル系界面活性剤が挙げられ、コポリマの約2-3重量%までの割合で使用され得る。
・安定剤:これらは本明細書のどこかで記載され、コポリマの約0.1~約1%の量で存在し得る。
・防火材料:これらは一般的に約2-3重量%までの割合で使用されるが、要求される追加の防火性の程度に依存する。好ましくは、防火材料はハロゲン化されていない。それらは鉱物、例えば水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウムなど、および有機リン添加物、例えばトリフェニルホスフェートを含み得る。しかしながら、多くの場合、添加される防火剤は必要なく、使用されない。
・可燃性利点:溶融なしで炭化;
・熱安定性:加熱で、ステープルおよび糸の両方について収縮が全く、またはほとんどないことが必要である;
・溶融押出繊維:テクスチャー加工などのプロセスにとって好適である;
・繊維配向:溶融押出プロセスは、部分配向糸の形態の延伸繊維を生成させることができる;
・煙の低減:本発明の繊維は、従来のPANに比べて、炎源への曝露時に発する煙が少ない。本発明の耐火性PAN材料は、従来のPANに比べて、炎源への曝露時に溶融しない;
・着色性:本発明の繊維は容易に着色または染色することができる。特に、繊維生成中の染料および/または顔料の導入は、別個の染色工程の必要性を除去する;
・導電率:本発明の繊維は、生成中に導電性成分を添加することにより導電性にすることができる。
・耐熱性/防火性のための繊維
・高温公害防止排気濾過としての発電所および他の工業用排気システムのためのフィルタバッグのためのステープルファイバ
・編んで、織って織物にするための連続繊維または複合物のための練紡としての使用
・増強された熱特性を有するポリマフィルムまたはボードまたは中空繊維/チュービング
・建材-屋外/屋内/特殊ゾーンでの断熱用途
・複合または積層材料における耐火性繊維。
試薬
・溶媒:DMF100mL
・モノマ:アクリロニトリル(AN)(53.06g/mol)640mmol=33.96g
・コモノマアクリル酸メチル(MA)(86.09g/mol)113mmol=9.73g
・開始剤AIBN(164.21g/mol)3.75mmol 616mg
・連鎖移動剤1-ドデカンチオール(202.40g/mol)0.375mmol=76mg
溶媒としての200mLのDMF、34g(640mmol)のAN、9.73g(113mmol)のMAのモノマ溶液を樹脂上で30分間撹拌し、阻害物質を除去し、それから、濾過した。重合を、凝縮器、ガラススターラー、窒素注入管、および溶媒損失を最小に抑えるために取り付けられた還流管が備えられた500mLの3つ口フラスコ中で実施した。溶液に乾燥窒素を15分間パージした。フラスコをそれから、下げて、65℃の油浴に6時間入れた。コポリマを、50倍過剰の脱イオン水からの沈殿により精製した。沈殿したポリマを濾過し、水、それからメタノールで洗浄し、真空下で70℃にて24時間の間乾燥させた。
グリセロール[20-40%wt]および/またはエチレングリコール[10-40%wt](合わせて<50%wt)を組み込んだ[40,000-90,000]の分子量の、AN/MA[85/15、90/10mol]のコポリマおよび好適な安定剤、例えばIrganox HP2225[0.1-1%wt]を、単一穴ダイまたはマルチフィラメント紡糸パックを有する16mm二軸式押出機に送り込んだ。加熱ゾーン160、170、190、190℃。押出フィラメントを巻き取りワインダで部分的に引き延ばし/配向させた。
Claims (22)
- 金属イオンを1~15wt%で含み、X線散乱を使用して測定すると検出可能な結晶化度を有さない、アクリロニトリルおよびコモノマのコポリマに由来するポリマ繊維であって、
前記コポリマは10~30mol%のコモノマを含み、
前記コモノマはアクリルまたはメタクリルコモノマであり、
前記金属イオンは、酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、硝酸塩、又は硫酸塩の形態である、ポリマ繊維。 - 前記コモノマはハロゲンを含まない、請求項1に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 前記金属イオンは第3~16族金属イオンである、請求項1または2に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 前記金属イオンは亜鉛(II)である、請求項3に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 前記コポリマはランダムコポリマである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 前記コポリマは10~100kDaの重量平均分子量を有する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 前記コポリマは二峰性分子量分布を有する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- フィラーを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 架橋されている、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- 金属イオンにより架橋されている、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- ASTM D2863-13を使用して測定すると、少なくとも40の限界酸素指数(LOI)を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のポリマ繊維。
- ポリマ繊維を製造するためのプロセスであって、
(i)アクリロニトリルおよびコモノマのコポリマ、および
(ii)1~15wt%の、金属イオン添加物
を含む、コポリマ溶融物を調製すること;ならびに
前記コポリマ溶融物をダイ(dye)を通して押し出し、前記ポリマ繊維を形成させること
を含み、
前記金属イオン添加物は、金属イオンの酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、硝酸塩、又は硫酸塩である、プロセス。 - 前記コポリマ溶融物を調製する工程は、前記コポリマをその融点を超える温度まで溶融させること、前記金属イオン添加物を添加すること、および前記金属イオン添加物を前記溶融コポリマ中に分散させることを含む、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記分散はスクリュー押出機により実施される、請求項13に記載のプロセス。
- ポリマ繊維を製造するためのプロセスであって、
アクリロニトリルおよびコモノマのコポリマを含むコポリマ溶融物を調製すること;
前記コポリマ溶融物をダイ(dye)を通して押し出し、前駆体繊維を形成させること;ならびに
前記前駆体繊維を金属イオン添加物で処理し、ポリマ繊維を形成させること
を含み、
前記金属イオン添加物は、金属イオンの酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、硝酸塩、又は硫酸塩である、プロセス。 - 前記処理工程は、前記前駆体繊維を前記金属イオン添加物の溶液に、1~15wt%の金属イオンを前記前駆体繊維中に組み入れるのに十分な時間の間曝露させることを含む、請求項15に記載のプロセス。
- 前記コポリマ溶融物は希釈剤を含む、請求項12~16のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記希釈剤はジオールまたはトリオールである、請求項17に記載のプロセス。
- 前記コポリマ溶融物はビニル官能性架橋剤を含み、それによって前記コポリマが押出加工中に架橋する、請求項12~18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記コポリマ溶融物は前記コポリマと架橋可能なフィラーを含む、請求項12~19のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 耐炎性または難燃性布の製造のための、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の繊維、または請求項12~20のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスにより製造された繊維の使用。
- 抗菌布の製造のための、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の繊維、または請求項12~20のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスにより製造された繊維の使用。
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