JP7029637B2 - 水溶性高分子の多孔質体の製造方法 - Google Patents
水溶性高分子の多孔質体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7029637B2 JP7029637B2 JP2018103454A JP2018103454A JP7029637B2 JP 7029637 B2 JP7029637 B2 JP 7029637B2 JP 2018103454 A JP2018103454 A JP 2018103454A JP 2018103454 A JP2018103454 A JP 2018103454A JP 7029637 B2 JP7029637 B2 JP 7029637B2
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4309—Polyvinyl alcohol
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Description
サンプル瓶に、ポリビニルアルコール2質量部、水10質量部、およびポロゲン溶媒として炭酸プロピレン(2-オキソ-4-メチル-1,3-ジオキソラン)5質量部を添加した。サンプル瓶を80℃~90℃に加熱し、ポリビニルアルコールが水とポロゲン溶媒との混合溶媒に完全に溶解するまで撹拌してポリビニルアルコール溶液を得た。次いで、ポリビニルアルコール溶液を25℃まで冷却した。ポリビニルアルコール溶液を、アルミニウム板上にキャスティングにより塗布した。これを70℃に設定した乾燥機に入れて加熱し、水および炭酸プロピレンを気化させて除去した。このようにして、アルミニウム板上に薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。参考として実施例1で得られた薄膜の断面SEM写真を図1に示す。
ポリビニルアルコール2質量部をヒドロキシメチルセルロース1質量部に変更し、炭酸プロピレンの量を2質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をγ-ブチロラクトン10質量部に変更し、乾燥機の設定温度を120℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。参考として実施例3で得られた薄膜の断面SEM写真を図2に示す。
ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部を炭酸エチレン6質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
水の量を6質量部に変更し、ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をγ-バレロラクトン6質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
水の量を6質量部に変更し、ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をスルホラン6質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をプロピレングリコール20質量部に変更し、乾燥機の設定温度を55℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、多孔化が起こっていなかった。
ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部を1,4-ブタンジオール10質量部に変更し、乾燥機の設定温度を60℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、多孔化が起こっていなかった。
ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をジメチルホルムアミド10質量部に変更し、乾燥機の設定温度を60℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、多孔化が起こっていなかった。
水の量を8質量部に変更し、ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をスクシノニトリル2質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
水の量を8質量部に変更し、ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部をジメチルスルホン2質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
水の量を8質量部に変更し、ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレン5質量部を炭酸ブチレン(4-エチル-1,3-ジオキソラン-2-オン)4質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
ポリビニルアルコール2質量部をカルボキシメチルセルロース0.3質量部に変更し、ポロゲン溶媒の炭酸プロピレンをγ-ブチロラクトンに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法により、薄膜を得た。得られた薄膜の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した結果、薄膜が、多孔質体であることが確認された。
Claims (6)
- 水と、水よりも沸点が高い溶媒とが混和した混合溶媒に水溶性高分子が溶解した溶液を調製する工程と、
前記溶液から、前記混合溶媒を気化させて除去する工程と、
を包含し、
前記水溶性高分子の前記水よりも沸点が高い溶媒に対する溶解度が、水に対する溶解度よりも低く、
前記混合溶媒を気化させて除去する工程において、前記水溶性高分子の多孔質骨格を形成し、前記水よりも沸点が高い溶媒によって空孔を形成する、
水溶性高分子の多孔質体の製造方法。 - 前記水よりも沸点が高い溶媒と水の沸点との差が100℃以上である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記水よりも沸点が高い溶媒が、カーボネート化合物、ラクトン化合物、スルホン化合物、またはジニトリル化合物である、請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記水よりも沸点が高い溶媒が、γ-ブチロラクトンまたは炭酸プロピレンである、請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、水酸基を有する水溶性高分子である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、ポリビニルアルコール系重合体である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
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