JP7003274B2 - 高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒及びその製造方法。 - Google Patents
高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒及びその製造方法。 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7003274B2 JP7003274B2 JP2020536512A JP2020536512A JP7003274B2 JP 7003274 B2 JP7003274 B2 JP 7003274B2 JP 2020536512 A JP2020536512 A JP 2020536512A JP 2020536512 A JP2020536512 A JP 2020536512A JP 7003274 B2 JP7003274 B2 JP 7003274B2
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 76
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 27
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Description
前記炭素は全体細孔のうち細孔の大きさが2ないし50nmのメソ細孔(mesopore)の体積比率が50%以上であって、前記担体全体100重量部に対して活性金属を1ないし20重量部で含むことができる。
スズ(Sn)、鉄(Fe)、レニウム(Re)及びガリウム(Ga)からなる群から選択された1種以上の遷移金属;を含むことができる。
<準備例>炭素担体の硝酸前処理
Ru-Sn触媒の支持体として活性炭(Activated Carbon)、カーボンブラック(Carbon Black B、Carbon Black A)を使用した。各炭素担体はRu-Sn前駆体を含浸させる前に5wt%硝酸水溶液で95℃で前処理を3時間の間進めた。
<実施例1>Carbon Black A担体の高濃度硝酸前処理
Carbon Black A担体の場合、上記準備例で5wt%硝酸水溶液を用いた前処理とともに30wt%、50wt%硝酸水溶液で95℃で前処理を3時間の間進めた。具体的には、30gのCarbon Black A担体を500gの30wt%又は50wt%硝酸水溶液で95℃で3時間の間攪拌した後、ろ過し、ろ過される蒸留水のpHが7になるまで持続的に蒸留水で洗浄した。このようにろ過されたCarbon Black A担体は373Kで24時間の間乾燥させた。前記硝酸前処理されたCarbon Black A担体の窒素物理吸着分析結果を下記図1及び物理的特性を下記表2にそれぞれ示した。
上記の準備例でRuCl3*3H2O 1.38g、SnCl2*2H2O 1.12gをH2O 7gに溶かした水溶液を5wt%の硝酸で前処理したCarbon Black A炭素担体10gに室温でインシピエントウェットネス含浸法(incipient wetness impregnation)を用いてRu-Snを担持した。以後、373Kで12時間の間乾燥させた後、これを水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら773Kで3時間の間還元させた後、水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら室温で冷ました。以後、室温でヘリウム(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を30分の間流した後、10%酸素/窒素混合ガス(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を1時間の間流しながら前記触媒を不動化させた。このように製造された触媒を“Ru-Sn/Carbon Black A”と表記した。
上記の準備例でRuCl3*3H2O 1.38g、SnCl2*2H2O 1.12gをH2O 7gに溶かした水溶液をそれぞれ30wt%、50wt%の硝酸で前処理したCarbon Black A炭素担体10gに室温でインシピエントウェットネス含浸法(incipient wetness impregnation)を用いてRu-Snを担持した。以後、373Kで12時間の間乾燥させた後、これを水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら773Kで3時間の間還元させた後、水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら室温で冷ました。以後、室温でヘリウム(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を30分の間流した後、10%酸素/窒素混合ガス(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を1時間の間流しながら前記触媒を不動化させた。上記のように製造された触媒を“Ru-Sn/Carbon Black A(30 wt% HNO3)”、“Ru-Sn/Carbon Black A(50 wt% HNO3)”と表記した。
上記の準備例でRuCl3*3H2O 1.38g、SnCl2*2H2O 1.12gをH2O 7gに溶かした水溶液を5wt%の硝酸で前処理したCarbon Black B炭素担体10gに室温でインシピエントウェットネス含浸法(incipient wetness impregnation)を用いてRu-Snを担持した。以後、373Kで12時間の間乾燥させ、これを水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら773Kで3時間の間還元させた後、水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら室温で冷ました。以後、室温でヘリウム(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を30分の間流した後、10%酸素/窒素混合ガス(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を1時間の間流しながら前記触媒を不動化させた。上記のように製造された触媒を“Ru-Sn/Carbon Black B”と表記した。
<比較例1>5wt%硝酸で前処理したRu-Sn/Activated Carbon触媒の製造
上記の準備例でRuCl3*3H2O 1.38g、SnCl2*2H2O 1.12gをH2O 7gに溶かした水溶液を5wt%の硝酸で前処理したActivated Carbon炭素担体10gに室温でインシピエントウェットネス含浸法(incipient wetness impregnation)を用いてRu-Snを担持した。以後、373Kで12時間の間乾燥させた後、これを水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら773Kで3時間の間還元させた後、水素(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を流しながら室温で冷ました。以後、室温でヘリウム(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を30分の間流した後、10%酸素/窒素混合ガス(流速:20ml min-1 g-1)を1時間の間流しながら前記触媒を不動化させた。上記のように製造された触媒を“Ru-Sn/Activated Carbon”と表記した。
呼び(nominal)容積が250mlで最大使用圧力が10.0Mpaの、チタニア-ライニングされたステンレス鋼オートクレーブ内でCyclohexanedicarboxylic acid転化実験を進めた。ここで、触媒3g及び反応物(cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid)11.25g及び溶媒(H2O)を投入し、反応は503Kで行われた。以後、反応器を水素を用いて反応圧力まで加圧して水素感知器によって反応器のleak有無を確認した後、減圧及び換気(purge)して反応器内部の酸素をすべて除去した。最終的には、反応器内部圧力を10barに合わせた後、反応器内部温度を反応温度まで加熱し、水素雰囲気の反応圧力で加圧した後、6時間反応を進めた。反応は230℃90barで6時間進め、攪拌はoverhead impellerを用いて1000rpmの速度を維持した。反応後、常温まで冷却及び解圧後、触媒と液相生成物をろ過法で分離してHP-1カラムが装着されたガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した。
Claims (18)
- 多孔性炭素を担体として用いる水素化触媒であって、
前記炭素は全体気孔のうち気孔の大きさが2ないし50nmのメソ細孔(mesopore)の体積比率が50%以上であって、前記担体全体100重量部に対して活性金属を1ないし20重量部で含み、
更に、前記炭素は比表面積が100ないし1,500m 2 /gである
ことを特徴とする高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記炭素は活性炭、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、グラフェン、規則性メソポーラスカーボン(ordered mesoporous carbon、OMC)及び炭素ナノチューブからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つを含む
請求項1に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記活性金属はパラジウム(Pd)、ロジウム(Rh)、ルテニウム(Ru)及び白金(Pt)からなる群から選択される1種以上の貴金属;及び
スズ(Sn)、鉄(Fe)、レニウム(Re)及びガリウム(Ga)からなる群から選択された1種以上の遷移金属を含む
請求項1に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記貴金属はルテニウムで、前記遷移金属はスズである
請求項1に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記炭素担体は硝酸(HNO3)水溶液で前処理される
請求項1に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記硝酸(HNO3)水溶液は、前記水溶液全体100重量部に対して、1ないし50重量部の硝酸を含む
請求項5に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記炭素は、細孔容積(pore volume)が0.1ないし1.5ml/g範囲である
請求項1に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 前記炭素は2ないし25nmの規則性メソ細孔(mesopore)を持つ3次元棒状又は3次元チューブ状の細孔構造を持つ
請求項1に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒。 - 請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の触媒を用いてカルボン酸官能基(carboxylic acid group)をアルコール官能基(alcohol group)に水素化する
ことを特徴とする水素化触媒の用途。 - 請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の触媒を製造する方法であって、前記炭素担体は1ないし50重量部の硝酸を含む硝酸(HNO3)水溶液で少なくとも1回以上前処理される
ことを特徴とする高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒の製造方法。 - 前記前処理過程は50ないし150℃の温度範囲で行われる
請求項10に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒の製造方法。 - 前記前処理過程は1時間ないし10時間の間行われる
請求項10に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒の製造方法。 - 前記前処理過程は前記活性金属を担持する前に行われる
請求項10に記載の高選択性の転化が可能な炭素ベースの貴金属-遷移金属触媒の製造方法。 - 請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の触媒を用いてカルボン酸官能基、アルデヒド官能基又はケトン官能基をアルコール官能基に水素化する
ことを特徴とする水素化方法。 - 前記水素化反応圧力は2~15Mpaで反応温度が140~280℃で反応時間が0.5~10時間である
請求項14に記載の水素化方法。 - 前記カルボン酸はシュウ酸(oxalic acid)、マロン酸(malonic acid)、コハク酸(succinic acid)、グルタル酸(glutaric acid)、アジピン酸(adipic acid)、ピメリン酸(pimelic acid)、スベリン酸(suberic acid)、アゼライン酸(azelaic acid)、セバシン酸(sebacic acid)、フタル酸(phthalic acid)、イソフタル酸(isophthalic acid)、テレフタル酸(terephthalic acid)、ギ酸、酢酸塩、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、イソステアリン酸、オレイン酸、マレイン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸及び安息香酸からなる群から選択された1つである
請求項14に記載の水素化方法。 - 前記アルデヒド官能基を含むアルデヒド類はホルムアルデヒド、プロピオンアルデヒド、n-ブチルアルデヒド、イソブチルアルデヒド、バレルアルデヒド、2-メチルブチルアルデヒド、3-メチルブチルアルデヒド、2,2-ジメチルプロピオンアルデヒド、カプロンアルデヒド、2-メチルバレルアルデヒド、3-メチルバレルアルデヒド、4-メチルバレルアルデヒド、2-エチルブチルアルデヒド、2,2-ジメチルブチルアルデヒド、3,3-ジメチルブチルアルデヒド、カプリルアルデヒド、カプリンアルデヒド及びグルタルジアルデヒドからなる群から選択された1つである
請求項14に記載の水素化方法。 - 前記ケトン官能基を含むケトン類はアセトン、ブタノン、ペンタノン、ヘキサノン、シクロヘキサノン及びアセトフェノンからなる群から選択された1つである
請求項14に記載の水素化方法。
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