JP6827328B2 - 半導体装置及び電子機器 - Google Patents
半導体装置及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6827328B2 JP6827328B2 JP2017003026A JP2017003026A JP6827328B2 JP 6827328 B2 JP6827328 B2 JP 6827328B2 JP 2017003026 A JP2017003026 A JP 2017003026A JP 2017003026 A JP2017003026 A JP 2017003026A JP 6827328 B2 JP6827328 B2 JP 6827328B2
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- transistor
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- insulator
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様であるトランジスタ及びそれを用いた半導体装置の回路構成について説明を行う。
図1(A)乃至図1(D)は、トランジスタOS1の回路図、上面図および断面図である。図1(A)は回路図であり、図1(B)は上面図であり、図1(C)、(D)は断面図である。図1(C)は図1(B)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2に対応する断面図であり、図1(D)は図1(B)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2に対応する断面図である。なお、図1(B)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図5に示す回路10は、トランジスタM0の第2ゲートを駆動するための半導体装置である。回路10は、電圧生成回路12と、電圧保持回路11とを有する。
次に、電圧保持回路11の具体的な構成例について説明を行う。
図6(A)に示す電圧保持回路11aは、上述したトランジスタOS1及び容量素子C11を有する。トランジスタOS1の第1電極は、トランジスタOS1の第1ゲート、トランジスタOS1の第2ゲート、容量素子C11の第1電極及びトランジスタM0の第2ゲートに電気的に接続されている。容量素子C11の第2電極はGNDに接続される。トランジスタOS1の第2電極は端子IN1に電気的に接続されている。端子IN1は電圧生成回路12に電気的に接続され電位VBGが与えられる。
図8(A)に示す電圧保持回路11bは、上述したトランジスタOS1、トランジスタM42、抵抗素子R、容量素子C41、容量素子C42及び容量素子C43を有する。
次に電圧生成回路12の詳細について、図10及び図11を用いて説明を行う。
図10(A)に示すように、電圧生成回路12aは、トランジスタM21乃至M24、および容量素子C21乃至C24を有する。以降、トランジスタM21乃至M24はnチャネル型トランジスタとして説明を行う。
電圧生成回路12は、pチャネル型トランジスタで構成しても良い。図10(B)に示す電圧生成回路12bは、pチャネル型トランジスタであるトランジスタM31乃至M34で構成されている。
図11(A)に示すように、電圧生成回路12cは、トランジスタM25乃至M28、および容量素子C25乃至C28を有する。以降、トランジスタM25乃至M28はnチャネル型トランジスタとして説明を行う。
図11(B)の電圧生成回路12dにおいて、トランジスタM25乃至M28の第2ゲートは、それぞれ出力端子OUTに接続されている。それ以外の構成は、電圧生成回路12cと同じである。
図11(C)の電圧生成回路12eにおいて、トランジスタM25乃至M28の第2ゲートは、それぞれ入力端子INに接続されている。それ以外の構成は、電圧生成回路12cと同じである。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1に示したトランジスタOS1の各構成要素と、トランジスタOS1の変形例について説明を行う。
まず、トランジスタOS1の各構成要素について説明を行う。
酸化物半導体230は、In−M−Zn酸化物で形成される。元素Mとして、例えば、ガリウム(Ga)が好ましい。そのほかの元素Mに適用可能な元素としては、アルミニウム(Al)、ホウ素(B)、シリコン(Si)、チタン(Ti)、ジルコニウム(Zr)、ランタン(La)、セリウム(Ce)、イットリウム(Y)、ハフニウム(Hf)、タンタル(Ta)、ニオブ(Nb)、スカンジウム(Sc)などが挙げられる。
絶縁体220、および絶縁体224は、酸化シリコン膜や酸化窒化シリコン膜などの、酸素を含む絶縁体であることが好ましい。特に、絶縁体224として過剰酸素を含む絶縁体を用いることが好ましい。このような過剰酸素を含む絶縁体を、酸化物半導体230に接して設けることにより、酸化物中の酸素欠損を補償することができる。なお、絶縁体220と絶縁体224とは、必ずしも同じ材料を用いて形成しなくともよい。
絶縁体250は、例えば、酸化シリコン、酸化窒化シリコン、窒化酸化シリコン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ハフニウム、酸化タンタル、酸化ジルコニウム、チタン酸ジルコン酸鉛(PZT)、チタン酸ストロンチウム(SrTiO3)または(Ba,Sr)TiO3(BST)などを含む絶縁体を単層または積層で用いることができる。またはこれらの絶縁体に例えば酸化アルミニウム、酸化ビスマス、酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化シリコン、酸化チタン、酸化タングステン、酸化イットリウム、酸化ジルコニウムを添加してもよい。またはこれらの絶縁体を窒化処理しても良い。上記の絶縁体に酸化シリコン、酸化窒化シリコンまたは窒化シリコンを積層して用いてもよい。
導電体240aと、および導電体240bは、一方がソース電極として機能し、他方がドレイン電極として機能する。
トランジスタOS1の上方には、絶縁体280を設ける。絶縁体280は過剰酸素を有することが好ましい。特に、酸化物半導体230近傍の層間膜が過剰酸素を有することで、酸化物半導体230の酸素欠損を低減し、信頼性を向上させることができる。
図13にトランジスタOS1の変形例の一例を示す。図13(A)は回路図であり、図13(B)は上面図であり、図13(C)、(D)は断面図である。図13(C)は図13(B)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2に対応する断面図であり、図13(D)は図13(B)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2に対応する断面図である。なお、図13(B)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
図14にトランジスタOS1の変形例の一例を示す。図14(A)は回路図であり、図14(B)は上面図であり、図14(C)、(D)は断面図である。図14(C)は図14(B)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2に対応する断面図であり、図14(D)は図14(B)に示す一点鎖線Y1−Y2に対応する断面図である。なお、図14(B)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いて図示している。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1に示した回路10の適用例について図15乃至図28を用いて説明を行う。
まず、回路10を不揮発性メモリに適用した例について説明を行う。
図15(A)に示すメモリセル100は、トランジスタM0と、トランジスタM1と、トランジスタM2と、容量素子C1と、を有する。
図17に示す記憶装置110は、メモリセル100が複数設けられたメモリセルアレイ120、行選択ドライバ112、列選択ドライバ111、読み出し回路121及び回路10を有する。なお記憶装置110は、m行(mは2以上の自然数)n列(nは2以上の自然数)のマトリクス状に設けられたメモリセル100を有する。
図18は、図17で説明した行選択ドライバ112の構成例を示すブロック図である。
図19は、図17で説明した列選択ドライバ111の構成例を示すブロック図である。
図20は、図17で説明した読み出し回路121の構成例を示すブロック図である。
次に、回路10をDRAMに用いた例について説明を行う。
図21に、メモリセル130の構成例を示す。メモリセル130は、トランジスタM0、容量素子C2を有する。トランジスタM0の第1ゲートは配線WLに電気的に接続され、トランジスタM0の第1端子は容量素子C2の第1端子に電気的に接続され、トランジスタM0の第2端子は配線BLに電気的に接続されている。また、容量素子C2の第2端子は、配線CLに電気的に接続されている。トランジスタM0の第2ゲートは配線BGに電気的に接続されている。ここで、トランジスタM0の第1端子と容量素子C2の第1端子との結節点をノードN1とする。
図22に示す記憶装置131は、セルアレイ132、センスアンプ回路134、駆動回路135、メインアンプ136、入出力回路137及び回路10を有する。セルアレイ132は、複数のメモリセル130を有する。各メモリセル130は、配線WL及び配線BLと接続されている。配線WLに供給される電位によってメモリセル130の選択が行われ、配線BLにメモリセル130に書き込むデータに対応する電位(以下、書き込み電位ともいう)が供給されることにより、メモリセル130にデータが書き込まれる。ここでは、セルアレイ132がi行j列(i、jは2以上の整数)のメモリセル130を有する場合について説明する。従って、セルアレイ132にはi本の配線WLとj本の配線BLが設けられている。
センスアンプSAの具体的な構成例について説明する。図23に、メモリセル130と、メモリセル130と電気的に接続されたセンスアンプSAの回路構成の一例を示す。メモリセル130は、配線BLを介してセンスアンプSAと接続されている。ここでは、メモリセル130_1が配線BL_1を介してセンスアンプSAと接続され、メモリセル130_2が配線BL_2を介してセンスアンプSAと接続されている構成を例示する。
次に、回路10をSRAM(Static Random Access Memory)に用いた例について説明を行う。
図25に示すメモリセル150は、回路SMCおよび回路BKCを有する。回路SMCは、標準的なSRAMのメモリセルと同様な回路構成とすればよい。図25に示す回路SMCは、インバータINV1、インバータINV2、トランジスタM3、およびトランジスタM4を有する。
まず、信号OSSをHレベルにすることで、トランジスタM0_1、M0_2がオン状態となり、ノードSN1、SN2は、それぞれ、ノードNET1、NET2と同じ電位レベルとなる。すなわち、ノードNET1、NET2のデータがノードSN1、SN2に書き込まれる。
次に、メモリセル150の電源をオフにする。電源がオフにされた状態でも、回路BKCはデータを保持し続ける。
メモリセル150の電源を再びオンにし、信号OSSをHレベルにすることで、回路BKCで保持されているデータを、回路SMCに書き戻すことができる。すなわち、メモリセル150は、電源を停止する直前の状態に復帰することができる。
上述した不揮発性メモリ、DRAMまたはSRAMなどを有する回路に用いられる電源回路について説明を行う。
図27及び図28では、実施の形態1で例示した回路10を表示装置に適用した一例について説明する。
図27(A)に、表示装置に適用可能な画素170の構成例を示す。画素170は、第1ゲート及び第2ゲートを有するトランジスタM0と、容量素子171と、表示素子172と、ノードN7と、配線GLと、配線SLと、配線BGLと、を有する。
図28(A)は表示装置に適用可能な画素180の構成例を示す。
本実施の形態では本発明の一態様である半導体装置の一形態を図29を用いて説明する。
本発明の一態様の半導体装置は、図29に示すようにトランジスタ300、トランジスタOS1、容量素子400を有する。トランジスタOS1はトランジスタ300の上方に設けられ、容量素子400はトランジスタ300、およびトランジスタOS1の上方に設けられている。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1及び2に示したトランジスタOS1に適用可能な酸化物半導体の構造について説明する。
以下では、酸化物半導体の構造について説明する。
まずは、CAAC−OSについて説明する。
次に、nc−OSについて説明する。
a−like OSは、nc−OSと非晶質酸化物半導体との間の構造を有する酸化物半導体である。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態に示す半導体装置または記憶装置を用いることが可能なCPUについて説明する。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態に示す記憶装置または半導体装置を用いることが可能なプログラマブルロジックデバイス(PLD:Programmable Logic Device)について説明する。
本実施の形態では、上述の実施の形態で説明した半導体装置を電子部品に適用する例、および該電子部品を具備する電子機器に適用する例について、図34及び図35を用いて説明する。
図34(A)は、ダイシング処理が行なわれる前の基板611の上面図を示している。基板611としては、例えば、半導体基板(「半導体ウエハ」ともいう。)を用いることができる。基板611上には、複数の回路領域612が設けられている。回路領域612には、上記実施の形態に示す半導体装置などを設けることができる。
チップ615を電子部品に適用する例について、図35を用いて説明する。なお、電子部品は、半導体パッケージ、またはIC用パッケージともいう。電子部品は、端子取り出し方向や、端子の形状に応じて、複数の規格や名称が存在する。
本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置は、自動車、自動二輪車、自転車などの車両、航空機、船舶などに用いることができる。また、本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置は、携帯電話、腕時計、携帯型ゲーム機、携帯データ端末、電子書籍端末、ビデオカメラ、デジタルスチルカメラ、ゴーグル型ディスプレイ(ヘッドマウントディスプレイ)などの電子機器に用いることができる。これらの具体例を図36に示す。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置を備えることができるRFタグの使用例について図37を用いながら説明する。RFタグの用途は広範にわたるが、例えば、紙幣、硬貨、有価証券類、無記名債券類、証書類(運転免許証や住民票等、図37(A)参照)、記録媒体(DVDやビデオテープ等、図37(B)参照)、包装用容器類(包装紙やボトル等、図37(C)参照)、乗り物類(自転車等、図37(D)参照)、身の回り品(鞄や眼鏡等)、食品類、植物類、動物類、人体、衣類、生活用品類、薬品や薬剤を含む医療品、または電子機器(液晶表示装置、EL表示装置、テレビジョン装置、または携帯電話)等の物品、若しくは各物品に取り付ける荷札(図37(E)、図37(F)参照)等に設けて使用することができる。
Claims (5)
- 第1乃至第3トランジスタと、
第1容量素子と、
第2容量素子と、
抵抗素子と、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタはチャネル形成領域に酸化物半導体を有し、
前記第3トランジスタは第1ゲート及び第2ゲートを有し、
前記第1ゲートと前記第2ゲートは、半導体層を間に介して、互いに重なる領域を有し、
前記第1トランジスタのゲートは前記第1容量素子の第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタの第1電極は前記第2ゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタの第2電極は負電位が与えられ、
前記第2トランジスタのゲートは、前記第2容量素子の第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタのゲートは、前記抵抗素子を介して、前記第2トランジスタの第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタの第1電極は前記第2ゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタの第2電極は前記第1トランジスタのゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタの第1電極は第1端部を有し、
前記第1トランジスタの第2電極は第2端部を有し、
前記第1端部と前記第2端部は互いに向かい合う領域を有し、
上面からみて、前記第1端部は第1円弧を有し、
上面からみて、前記第2端部は第2円弧を有し、
前記第2円弧の曲率半径は、前記第1円弧の曲率半径よりも大きいことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 第1乃至第3トランジスタと、
第1容量素子と、
第2容量素子と、
抵抗素子と、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタはチャネル形成領域に酸化物半導体を有し、
前記第3トランジスタは第1ゲート及び第2ゲートを有し、
前記第1ゲートと前記第2ゲートは、半導体層を間に介して、互いに重なる領域を有し、
前記第1トランジスタのゲートは前記第1容量素子の第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタの第1電極は前記第2ゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタの第2電極は負電位が与えられ、
前記第2トランジスタのゲートは、前記第2容量素子の第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタのゲートは、前記抵抗素子を介して、前記第2トランジスタの第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタの第1電極は前記第2ゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタの第2電極は前記第1トランジスタのゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタの第1電極は第1端部を有し、
前記第1トランジスタの第2電極は第2端部を有し、
前記第1端部と前記第2端部は互いに向かい合う領域を有し、
上面からみて、前記第1端部は第1円弧を有し、
上面からみて、前記第2端部は第2円弧を有し、
前記第1円弧の曲率半径は、前記第2円弧の曲率半径よりも大きいことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項1又は請求項2において、
前記第1トランジスタは第3ゲートを有し、
前記第3ゲートと前記第1トランジスタのゲートは、前記酸化物半導体を間に介して、互いに重なる領域を有し、
前記第3ゲートは、窒素添加されたIn−Ga−Zn酸化物を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置を複数有し、
分離領域を有する半導体ウエハ。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置と、
表示装置、マイクロフォン、スピーカ、操作キー、または、筐体を有する電子機器。
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