JP6704044B2 - 水溶性高分子が結合したナノ物質を含む消光剤及びその用途 - Google Patents
水溶性高分子が結合したナノ物質を含む消光剤及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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Description
実施例1.グラフェンオキサイドナノコロイド(GON)の製造
4gのK2S2O8及び4gのP4O10を50mlのH2SO4に添加し、攪拌して溶解した。ここに、2gのグラファイトナノファイバー(graphite nanofiber)を添加し、90℃で16時間加熱した。加熱された混合物を常温に冷やし、250mlの蒸留水を添加した後、これを紙フィルター(Whatman、GE Healthcare、米国)で精製した。精製した混合物を蒸留水で2回以上洗浄し、空気中で乾燥した。
32mlのドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(sodium dodecyl sulfate、SDS)、及び1.6mlのH2SO4溶液に蒸留水を添加し、最終の体積を300mlにした。これを95℃で15分間加熱し、3.2mlのKMnO4溶液を迅速に添加した。その後、60分間加熱を継続し、濃い茶色の溶液である二酸化マンガンシートを得た。
0.5gのNa2NO3を23mlのH2SO4に添加し、これを攪拌して溶解させた。ここに、0.5gのグラファイトナノファイバーを添加した後、3gのKMnO4を少しずつ添加しながら攪拌して反応させた。このとき、反応温度は10℃が超えないようにした。反応物を35℃の蒸留水で湯煎で1時間攪拌しながら更に反応させ、その後、さらに90℃で30分間反応した。反応が終了した後、1mlの蒸留水を添加し、この時の温度は55℃以下に維持した。前記反応物に3mlのH2O2を添加して反応させ、これを常温に冷やした後、250mlの蒸留水を添加した。これを紙フィルターでろ過した後、ろ過物を蒸留水で2回以上洗浄し、空気中で乾燥した。
実施例4.デキストランによって表面改質されたグラフェンオキサイドナノコロイド(DReGON)の製造
前記実施例1で得られたグラフェンオキサイドナノコロイドの表面をデキストランを用いて改質した。具体的には、50mgのグラフェンオキサイドナノコロイドを50mlの蒸留水に分散し、0.1%(w/w)のデキストラン水溶液を添加した。前記混合物を30分間超音波処理した後、25μlのアンモニア水溶液を添加し、95℃で3時間攪拌して反応させた。前記反応物を蒸留水で洗浄した後、10,000rpmの条件で30分間遠心分離して分離し、凍結乾燥して、最終の産物であるDReGONを得た。
前記実施例3で得られたNGOの表面をPEGを用いて改質した。具体的には、5mgのNGOと同量のポリエチレングリコール(10kDa)とを混ぜて水槽−超音波分解(bath−sonication)を行った。ここに、5mgのEDC(1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide)を添加し、さらに5分間水槽−超音波分解を行った。前記混合物を6時間攪拌した後、10,000Daの透析膜を用いて精製および中性化し、最終的に得られた産物を凍結乾燥してパウダー状の、ポリエチレングリコールによって表面改質されたNGO(PEG−NGO)を得た。
前記実施例1で得られたGONの表面をPEGおよびPEIを用いて改質した。具体的には、2mg/ml濃度のGON溶液10mlに20mgのPEG(10kDa)を添加し、5分間水槽−超音波分解を行った。ここに20mgのEDCを添加し、さらに5分間水槽−超音波分解を行った。前記反応物に10mgのPEIを添加してから5分間、EDCを添加してから5分間、前記のように水槽−超音波分解を行った後、これを常温で6時間攪拌して反応が均一になるようにした。その後、前記混合物を12,000Daの透析膜を用いて精製および中性化し、最終的に得られた産物を凍結乾燥し、パウダー状の、PEG及びPEIによって表面改質されたGON(PGE−PEI−GON)を得た。
実験例1.高分子で表面改質された2次元ナノ物質の検出用組成物の形成の確認
実験例1−1.DReGONの検出用組成物の形成の確認−(1)
前記実施例4で製造したDReGONを標的物質検出用組成物として用いることができるかを確認するために、次のような実験を行った。具体的には、標的物質を検知するためのPNA(peptide nucleic acid)プローブは、5’−末端にCy5が標識され、Cy5及びプローブ配列の間に1つの酸素に2つの炭素が結合した形態の単位体の2つをリンカーとして含むようにPanagene社(韓国)に依頼して製作した。前記1μMのPNAプローブを20μlのヌクレアーゼ−フリーウォーター(nuclease−free water)に添加し、これを80℃で約3分間加熱しながら完全に溶解した。溶解されたPNAプローブ20μlを前記実施例4で製造したDReGONと混合し、常温で30分間反応させた。反応4、8、12又は24時間の後、Ex/Em=647/670nmで蛍光リーダーにより蛍光シグナルを測定した。このとき、対照群としては、PNAプローブのみを使用した。
前記実施例4で製造したDReGONを標的物質検出用組成物として用いることができるかを確認するために、前記実験例1−1と同様の条件及び方法により実験を行った。このとき、PNAプローブとしては、下記表2に示すPNA−US5−2またはPNA−DENVを用いた。10pmolのPNAプローブをそれぞれ0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.2、1.4又は1.6μgのDReGONと混合した。その結果、測定した蛍光シグナルの値を図7に示す。図7に示すように、添加されたPNAプローブの濃度に依存して蛍光シグナルが減少しており、前記物質が検出用組成物を形成することを確認した。
前記実施例5で製造したPEG−NGOを標的物質検出用組成物として用いることができるかを確認するために、前記実験例1−1と同様の条件及び方法により実験を行った。このとき、10pmolのPNAプローブを0、0.1、0.2、0.5又は1.0μgのPEG−NGOと混合した。前記PNAプローブとしては、表1に示すPNA−SaまたはPNA−PaにCy5蛍光染料が結合したものを用いた。その結果、測定した蛍光シグナルの値を図8に示す。図8に示すように、添加されたPNAプローブの濃度に依存して蛍光シグナルが減少しており、前記物質が検出用組成物を形成することを確認した。
前記実施例6で製造したPEG−PEI−GONを標的物質検出用組成物として用いることができるかを確認するために、前記実験例1−1と同様の条件及び方法により実験を行った。このとき、10pmolのPNAプローブを0、0.1、0.2、0.5又は1.0μgのPEG−PEI−NGOと混合した。前記PNAプローブとしては、下記表1に示すPNA−TSにFITC蛍光染料が結合したものを用いた。その結果、測定した蛍光シグナルの値を図9に示す。図9に示すように、添加されたPNAプローブの濃度に依存して蛍光シグナルが減少しており、前記物質が検出用組成物を形成することを確認した。
前記実施例4で製造したDReGON粒子の安定性を確認するために、次のような実験を行った。具体的には、0.1mg/ml濃度のDReGON溶液を血清が含まれているPBS溶液によく懸濁して、0、4、8、12又は24時間常温に置いて、各時間ごとの吸光度を測定した。対照群としては、実施例1で製造されたグラフェンオキサイドナノコロイド(GON)を用いた。その結果、図10に示すように、DReGON(b)は、GON(a)よりも長時間、生理活性環境で安定した吸光スペクトルを示しており、このような安定した分散能は、24時間以上持続した。
実験例3.癌細胞特異的核酸塩基配列の検出能の確認
実験例3−1.DReGONの検出能の確認
前記実施例4で製造したDReGONの検出限界を測定するために、次のように実験を行った。まず、実験例1−1と同様の条件及び方法によりプローブのPNA21及びDReGONを混合して反応させた。反応30分後、反応物に癌細胞特異的配列を含む標的物質であるmiR−21を0、0.001、0.01、0.1、1、10、100又は1000nMの濃度になるように添加し、常温で2時間反応させた。これをEx/Em=647/670nmで蛍光リーダーにより蛍光シグナルを測定した。実験に用いられたPNAプローブ及び標的物質の配列を、それぞれ表1及び2に示す。
前記実験例3−1と同様の条件及び方法によりPEG−NGOの癌細胞特異的核酸塩基配列の検出能を確認した。このとき、DReGONの代わりに実施例5で製造したPEG−NGOを10pmolの濃度で用い、プローブとしてのPNA21及びPNA233と、標的物質としてのmiR−21及びmiR−233を0、0.002、0.02、0.2、2、20、200又は2,000nMの濃度で用いた。また、標的物質を添加し、4時間反応させながら、20分間隔で蛍光の変化を測定して図12に示す。図12に示すように、標的物質の濃度が増加しながら蛍光シグナルが強くなっており、プローブの濃度および種類に応じて異なるレベルで蛍光が回復した。
前記実験例3−1と同様の条件及び方法によりPEG−PEI−NGOの癌細胞特異的核酸塩基配列の検出能を確認した。このとき、DReGONの代わりに実施例6で製造したPEG−PEI−NGOを10pmolの濃度で用い、プローブとしてのPNA−TSと、標的物質としてのmiR−TSを100、200、300又は500nMの濃度で用いた。また、標的物質を添加して4時間反応させながら、20分間隔で蛍光の変化を測定して図13に示す。図13に示すように、標的物質の濃度が増加しながら蛍光シグナルが強くなっており、プローブの濃度及び種類に応じて異なるレベルで蛍光が回復した。
様々な種類の癌細胞株を用いてDReGONの癌細胞特異的核酸塩基配列の検出能を確認した。まず、MCF−7、HeLa、SW620細胞株は、DMEM又はRPMI培地を用いて培養して準備した。一方、実験例1−1と同様の条件及び方法によりプローブのPNA484又はPNA31をDReGONと混合して反応させた。準備された細胞をウェル当り1×105個の細胞になるように12ウェルプレートに分注し、24時間後、DReGON、及びPNA484又はPNA31の反応物を80pmolの濃度になるように細胞に添加した。
血球細胞中に存在する特定の塩基配列に対するDReGONの検出能を確認するために、次のような実験を行った。具体的には、健康な人の血液10mlから公知の方法で血球細胞を収集し、それをRPMI培地を用いて培養した。培養した細胞を固定し、ここに3.0μgのDReGONとCy5蛍光が結合した200nMのPNAプローブを添加した。このとき、PNAプローブとしては、PNA21、PNA223、Let−7a又はこれらの混合物(scrambled)を用いた。対照群として、何れの処理もしていない細胞群を用いた。
前記実験例3−1と同様の条件及び方法によりPEG−NGOの緑膿菌または黄色ブドウ球菌特異的核酸塩基配列の検出能を確認した。このとき、DReGONの代わりに実施例5で製造した0.2μgのPEG−NGO、及び10pmolのPNA−Pa又はPNA−Saを添加した。ここに、標的物質として、0、10、20、40、70又は100nMの濃度の緑膿菌または黄色ブドウ球菌AS−DNAを添加した。その結果、測定された蛍光の変化を図17に示す。図17に示すように、添加された緑膿菌または黄色ブドウ球菌AS−DNAの濃度に依存して蛍光の強度が増加した。
前記実験例3−1と同様の条件及び方法によりDReGONのヒトサイトメガロウイルス(HCMV)又はデングウイルス(DENV)特異的核酸塩基配列の検出能を確認した。このとき、0.5μgのDReGON、及び20pmolのPNA−US5−2又はPNA−DENVを添加した。ここに、標的物質として、20pmolのmiR−US5−2又はmiR−DENVを添加した。その結果、反応時間ごとに測定した蛍光の変化を図18に示す。図18に示すように、反応時間に依存して、添加されたHCMV又はDENV特異的核酸塩基配列に対する蛍光の強度が増加した。
配列番号1:tcaacatcag tctgataagc ta
配列番号2:agctatgcca gcatcttgcc t
配列番号3:atttgacaaa ctgac
配列番号4:ggaggggact gagcctg
配列番号5:aactatacaa cctactacct ca
配列番号6:ctgccccaaa atgcct
配列番号7:gcggcatggc tggatc
配列番号8:acagagtttt acgatc
配列番号9:agacatcgtc acacctatca ta
配列番号10:gcgtttcagc atattga
配列番号11:uagcuuauca gacugauguu ga
配列番号12:aggcaagaug cuggcauagc u
配列番号13:gucaguuugu caaau
配列番号14:caggcucagu ccccucc
配列番号15:ugagguagua gguuguauag uu
配列番号16:aggcauuuug gggcag
配列番号17:gauccagcca ugccgc
配列番号18:gaucguaaaa cucugu
配列番号19:uaugauaggu gugacgaugu cu
配列番号20:ucaauaugcu gaaacgc
Claims (20)
- グラフェンオキサイドナノコロイド(GON)と、
前記グラフェンオキサイドナノコロイドの表面のカルボキシル基部分に結合した水溶性高分子と、
前記グラフェンオキサイドナノコロイドの前記水溶性高分子が結合していない表面部分に結合する、蛍光物質が結合したプローブと、を含み、
前記水溶性高分子は、キトサン、キトサン塩、デキストラン、ヒアルロン酸、ヒアルロン酸塩、ペクチン、ペクチン塩、アルギン酸塩、アルギン酸、寒天、ガラクトマンナン、ガラクトマンナン塩、キサンタン、キサンタン塩、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、ポリエチレンイミン(PEI)、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つであることを特徴とする標的物質検出用組成物。 - 前記グラフェンオキサイドナノコロイドは、粒子状またはシート状である、請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記グラフェンオキサイドナノコロイドの粒子サイズが0.01〜1μmである、請求項2に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記結合が、化学的または物理的結合である、請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記化学的結合がEDCカップリング(coupling)である、請求項4に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記物理的結合が水素結合である、請求項4に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記プローブが、抗体、核酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記核酸は、10〜50個の塩基で構成される、請求項7に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記核酸は、DNA、RNA、mRNA、miRNA、非翻訳RNA、二重らせんRNA、二重らせんDNA、DNAベースの酵素、ジオキシリボザイム、アプタマー、PNA、LNA、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項7に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記核酸が、配列番号1〜10からなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項7に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記蛍光物質が、フルオレセイン、フルオレセインクロロトリアジニル、ローダミングリーン、ローダミンレッド、テトラメチルローダミン、フルオレセインイソチオシアン酸塩(fluorescein isothiocyanate、FITC)、オレゴングリーン(oregon green)、アレックスフルオロ、カルボキシフルオレスセイン(carboxyfluorescein、FAM)、6−カルボキシ−4’,5’−ジクロロ−2’,7’−ジメトキシフルオレスセイン(JOE)、カルボキシ−X−ローダミン(ROX)、6−カルボキシ−2’,4,4’,5’,7,7’−ヘキサクロロフルオレスセイン(HEX)、テキサスレッド(sulforhodamine 101 acid chloride)、6−カルボキシ−2’,4,7’,7−テトラクロロフルオレスセイン(TET)、テトラメチルローダミン−イソチオシアネート(TRITC)、カルボキシテトラメチルローダミン(TAMRA)、シアニン系染料、シアジカルボシアニン染料、およびその組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記シアニン系染料が、Cy3、Cy5、Cy5.5、Cy7、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項11に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記標的物質は、疾患患者で検出されるものであり、
前記疾患は、癌、感染性疾患、炎症性疾患又は遺伝子疾患である、請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。 - 前記感染性疾患が、バクテリア、カビ、ウイルス、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つによるものである、請求項13に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記バクテリアが、緑膿菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、連鎖球菌、アシネトバクター・バウマニ菌、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項14に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記ウイルスが、二本鎖DNAウイルス、一本鎖DNAウイルス、二本鎖RNAウイルス、陽性−極性の一本鎖RNAウイルス、陰性−極性の一本鎖RNAウイルス、一本鎖RNA−レトロウイルス、二本鎖DNA−レトロウイルス、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項14に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 前記ウイルスが、ヒトサイトメガロウイルス、デングウイルス、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される何れか一つである、請求項14に記載の標的物質検出用組成物。
- 1)請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物および分離された試料を混合するステップと、
2)前記混合物の蛍光を測定するステップと、
3)正常対照群試料の蛍光レベルと比較するステップと、
を含む疾患の診断に必要な情報の提供方法。 - 前記疾患が、癌、感染性疾患、炎症性疾患又は遺伝子疾患である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の標的物質検出用組成物を含むキット。
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