JP6426290B2 - 樹脂付銅箔、銅張積層板及びプリント配線板 - Google Patents
樹脂付銅箔、銅張積層板及びプリント配線板 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6426290B2 JP6426290B2 JP2017529553A JP2017529553A JP6426290B2 JP 6426290 B2 JP6426290 B2 JP 6426290B2 JP 2017529553 A JP2017529553 A JP 2017529553A JP 2017529553 A JP2017529553 A JP 2017529553A JP 6426290 B2 JP6426290 B2 JP 6426290B2
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- resin
- copper foil
- resin layer
- layer
- coated copper
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 222
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 222
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 138
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 title claims description 117
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
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- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 111
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 20
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 8
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- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Images
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Description
本発明の樹脂付銅箔は、銅箔の少なくとも片面に樹脂層を備えた樹脂付銅箔である。樹脂付銅箔は、樹脂層が、樹脂混合物と、イミダゾール系硬化触媒とを含む。この樹脂混合物はエポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、及び芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を含む。このように、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂及び芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を、イミダゾール系硬化触媒と共に含む樹脂層を採用することで、樹脂層が高周波用途に適した優れた誘電特性(低い誘電正接)を有しながらも、銅張積層板又はプリント配線板とされた場合に、優れた層間密着性及び耐熱性を発揮させることができる。このような銅箔及び樹脂層間での優れた密着性及び耐熱性は、銅張積層板又はプリント配線板の製造に用いられた際に、回路剥がれ等の不具合を防止して製品歩留まりの向上を実現することができる。また、低い誘電正接は誘電体損失の低下に寄与し、その結果、高周波用途における伝送損失の低下を実現することができる。したがって、本発明の樹脂付銅箔は、ネットワーク機器における高周波デジタル通信用のプリント配線板用の絶縁層及び導体層として好ましく適用可能である。そのようなネットワーク機器の例としては、(i)基地局内サーバー、ルーター等、(ii)企業内ネットワーク、(iii)高速携帯通信の基幹システム等が挙げられる。
本発明の樹脂付銅箔はプリント配線板用銅張積層板の作製に用いられるのが好ましい。すなわち、本発明の好ましい態様によれば、上記樹脂付銅箔を備えた銅張積層板、又は上記樹脂付銅箔用いて得られた銅張積層板が提供される。この場合、上記樹脂付銅箔の樹脂層は硬化されている。この銅張積層板は、本発明の樹脂付銅箔と、この樹脂付銅箔の樹脂層に密着して設けられる絶縁基材層とを備えてなる。この場合、樹脂層は絶縁基材層との密着性を向上させるためのプライマー層として機能しうる。樹脂付銅箔は絶縁樹脂層の片面に設けられてもよいし、両面に設けられてもよい。絶縁樹脂層は、絶縁性樹脂を含んでなる。絶縁基材層は、ガラス繊維入りプリプレグ、ガラス板、セラミック板、樹脂フィルム、又はそれらの組合せであるのが好ましい。プリプレグとして用いる絶縁性樹脂の好ましい例としては、エポキシ樹脂、シアネートエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ビスマレイミドトリアジン樹脂(BT樹脂)、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、フェノール樹脂等が挙げられる。樹脂層は複数の層で構成されていてよい。この中でも、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂及びポリイミド樹脂は銅張積層板の伝送特性を向上される意味でも好ましく、本発明の樹脂付銅箔における樹脂層との密着性が特に優れるものとなる。樹脂フィルムとして用いる絶縁樹脂の例としては、ポリイミド樹脂、液晶ポリマー等が挙げられる。なお、銅張積層板を形成するための方法は各種考えられるが、典型的には本発明の樹脂付銅箔を絶縁基材層に張り合わせる方法で形成されるものである。その他には、絶縁基材層に樹脂層を先に塗布した後に、銅箔を樹脂層の表面に張り合わせ、絶縁基材層及び樹脂層を硬化させる方法も考えられる。言い換えれば、事後的に樹脂付金属箔としての層構成が備わった形態も、本発明の一つの形態に含まれるものとする。
本発明の樹脂付銅箔はプリント配線板の作製に用いられるのが好ましい。すなわち、本発明の好ましい態様によれば、上記樹脂付銅箔を備えたプリント配線板、又は上記樹脂付銅箔を用いて得られたプリント配線板が提供される。この場合、上記樹脂付銅箔の樹脂層は硬化されている。本態様によるプリント配線板は、絶縁樹脂層と、銅層とがこの順に積層された層構成を含んでなる。また、絶縁樹脂層については銅張積層板に関して上述したとおりである。いずれにしても、プリント配線板は公知の層構成が採用可能である。プリント配線板に関する具体例としては、プリプレグの片面又は両面に本発明の樹脂付銅箔を接着させ硬化した積層体とした上で回路形成した片面又は両面プリント配線板や、これらを多層化した多層プリント配線板等が挙げられる。また、他の具体例としては、樹脂フィルム上に本発明の樹脂付銅箔を形成して回路を形成するフレキシブルプリント配線板、COF、TABテープ、ビルドアップ多層配線板、半導体集積回路上へ樹脂付銅箔の積層と回路形成を交互に繰りかえすダイレクト・ビルドアップ・オン・ウェハー等が挙げられる。特に、本発明の樹脂付銅箔は、ネットワーク機器における高周波デジタル通信用のプリント配線板用の絶縁層及び導体層として好ましく適用可能である。そのようなネットワーク機器の例としては、(i)基地局内サーバー、ルーター等、(ii)企業内ネットワーク、(iii)高速携帯通信の基幹システム等が挙げられる。
樹脂組成物を含んでなる樹脂ワニスを調製し、この樹脂ワニスを用いて樹脂付銅箔を製造し、その評価を行った。具体的には以下のとおりである。
まず、樹脂ワニス用原料成分として、以下に示される樹脂成分、イミダゾール系硬化触媒及び無機フィラーを用意した。なお、無機フィラーは例6でのみ使用した。
‐ エポキシ樹脂:新日鉄住金化学株式会社製、YDCN−704(クレゾールノボラック型、エポキシ当量210g/Eq)
‐ ポリイミド樹脂A:荒川化学工業株式会社製、PIAD−300(末端官能基:カルボキシル基、溶媒:シクロヘキサノン、メチルシクロヘキサン及びエチレングルコールジメチルエーテルの混合液、誘電率(1GHz):2.70、誘電正接(1GHz):0.003、軟化点:140℃)
‐ ポリイミド樹脂B:株式会社T&K TOKA製、PI−2の溶剤希釈物(末端官能基:カルボキシル基、主溶媒:ジメチルアセトアミド、誘電率(1GHz):3.0、誘電正接(1GHz):0.018、軟化点:150℃)
‐ 芳香族ポリアミド樹脂:日本化薬株式会社製、BPAM−155(フェノール性水酸基含有ゴム変性型、水酸基当量4000g/Eq)
‐ イミダゾール系硬化触媒:四国化成工業株式会社製、2P4MHZ
‐ 無機フィラー:球状シリカ、アドマテックス株式会社製、SC1050−DJA(平均粒径D50=0.3μm、表面アミノシラン処理品)
上記(1)で得られた樹脂ワニスを、厚さ18μmの電解銅箔の電極面(十点平均粗さRzjis:0.5μm、JIS B0601−2001に準拠して測定)に、乾燥後塗工厚みを50μmの厚さに狙って塗工した。塗工した樹脂ワニスをオーブンで乾燥させ、半硬化(Bステージ)状態とした。こうして図1に示されるように銅箔12の片面に樹脂層14を備えた樹脂付銅箔10を2枚作製した。図1に示されるように、2枚の樹脂付銅箔10を樹脂層14同士が重なるように積層して、プレス温度190℃、温度保持時間90分、プレス圧力40kgf/cm2の条件で真空プレスを行い、樹脂層14を硬化状態とした。こうして硬化された樹脂層14の厚さは100μmであった。プレス後の積層体から銅箔をエッチングして除去し、樹脂層14単独からなる樹脂フィルムを得た。
上記得られた樹脂フィルムについて、ネットワークアナライザー(キーサイト社製、PNA−L N5234A)を用いて空洞共振器摂動法により、1GHzにおける誘電正接を測定した。この測定はASTMD2520(JISC2565)に準拠して行った。得られた誘電正接を以下の基準に従い、4段階で評価した。
‐ 評価A:0.008未満(非常に良い)
‐ 評価B:0.008以上0.015未満(良い)
‐ 評価C:0.015以上0.020未満(許容可能)
‐ 評価D:0.020以上(悪い)
(3−1)電解銅箔の作製
厚さを18μmの電解銅箔A〜Cをそれぞれ以下の方法により作製した。
硫酸銅溶液中で、陰極にチタン製の回転電極(表面粗さRa=0.20μm)を、陽極にDSAを用い、溶液温度45℃、電流密度55A/dm2で電解し、原箔を作製した。この硫酸銅溶液の組成は、銅濃度80g/L、フリー硫酸濃度140g/L、ビス(3−スルホプロピル)ジスルフィド濃度30mg/L、ジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライド重合体濃度50mg/L、塩素濃度40mg/Lとした。その後、原箔の電解液面に対して下記(a)〜(c)の表面処理を順次行った。
(a)亜鉛−ニッケル被膜形成
‐ ピロリン酸カリウム濃度:80g/L
‐ 亜鉛濃度:0.2g/L、
‐ ニッケル濃度:2g/L
‐ 液温:40℃
‐ 電流密度:0.5A/dm2
(b)クロメート層形成
‐ クロム酸濃度:1g/L、pH11
‐ 溶液温度:25℃
‐ 電流密度:1A/dm2
(c)シラン層形成
‐ シランカップリング剤:3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(3g/L水溶液)
‐ 液処理方法:シャワー処理
こうして得られた電解銅箔Aの表面処理面は、十点平均粗さRzjisが0.5μm(JIS B0601−2001に準拠して測定)であり、粒子状突起は無いものであった。
電解銅箔Aの原箔の電解液面側の表面に粒子状突起を形成させ、その粒子状突起面に対して電解銅箔Aと同様の表面処理を行った。粒子突起は、硫酸銅溶液(銅濃度:13g/L、フリー硫酸濃度55g/L、9−フェニルアクリジン濃度140mg/L、塩素濃度35mg/L)中で、溶液温度30℃、電流密度50A/dm2の条件で電解することにより形成した。この電解銅箔Bの表面処理面は、十点平均粗さRzjisが0.5μm(JIS B0601−2001準拠)であり、粒子状突起は、走査型電子顕微鏡画像による平均粒子径が100nmであり、粒子密度は205個/μm2であった。
電解銅箔Aの原箔の電解液面側の表面に、粒子状突起を形成させた後、電解銅箔Aと同様の表面処理を行った。粒子突起の形成は、以下の3段階の電解処理により行った。1段目の電解処理は、硫酸銅溶液(銅濃度:10.5g/L、フリー硫酸濃度:220g/L)中にて、溶液温度30℃、電流密度28A/dm2の条件で行った。2段目の電解処理は、硫酸銅溶液(銅濃度:10.5g/L、フリー硫酸濃度:220g/L)中にて、溶液温度30℃、電流密度16A/dm2の条件で行った。3段目の電解処理は、硫酸銅溶液(銅濃度:70g/L、フリー硫酸濃度:220g/L)中にて、溶液温度52℃、電流密度21A/dm2の条件で行った。こうして得られた電解銅箔Cの表面処理面は、十点平均粗さRzjisが1.8μm(JIS B0601−2001準拠)であり、粒子状突起は、走査型電子顕微鏡画像による平均粒子径が1.0μmであり、粒子密度は1個/μm2であった。
上記(1)で得られた樹脂ワニスを、上記で得られた各電解銅箔の表面処理面に、乾燥後塗工厚みを3.0μmの厚さに狙って塗工した。塗工した樹脂ワニスをオーブンで乾燥させ、半硬化(Bステージ)状態とすることで、銅箔22の片面に樹脂層24を備えた樹脂付銅箔20を作製した。
プリプレグ(パナソニック株式会社製MEGTRON−6)を2枚積層して厚さ0.2mmの樹脂基材26を得た。図2に示されるように、2枚の樹脂付銅箔20の樹脂層24側を樹脂基材26の両面に積層し、プレス温度190℃、温度保持時間120分、プレス圧力30kgf/cm2の条件で真空プレスを行い、樹脂層24を硬化状態として銅張積層板28を得た。こうして硬化された樹脂層24の厚さは3.0μmであった。なお、樹脂層24は、銅張積層板28の作製において、樹脂基材26と接合するためのプライマー層として機能するといえる。得られた銅張積層板28に耐熱性評価用の基板作製を行った。具体的には、銅張積層板28を6.35mm×6.35mm平方に切り出した。熱機械分析装置(TMA)を用いて288℃に加熱された石英プローブを、切り出した銅張積層板28の表面に接触させて、デラミネーション(回路剥離や基材剥離)が発生するまでの時間(分)を測定した。この測定はIPC−TM−650(No.2.4.24.1)に準拠して行った。結果は表1〜3に示されるとおりであった。
‐ 評価AA:120分以上(極上に良い)
‐ 評価A:60分以上(非常に良い)
‐ 評価B:30分以上60分未満(良い)
‐ 評価C:10分以上30分未満(許容可能)
‐ 評価D:10分未満(悪い)
上記得られた銅張積層板28に剥離強度測定試験用の回路形成を行った。具体的には、銅張積層板28の両面にドライフィルムを張り合わせて、エッチングレジスト層を形成した。そして、その両面のエッチングレジスト層に、10mm幅の剥離強度測定試験用の回路を露光現像し、エッチングパターンを形成した。その後、銅エッチング液で回路エッチングを行い、エッチングレジストを剥離して回路22aを得た。こうして形成された回路22aを樹脂層24から剥離して、回路22a及び樹脂層24間の剥離強度(kgf/cm)を測定した。この剥離強度の測定はJIS C 6481−1996に準拠して行った。結果は表1〜3に示されるとおりであった。
‐ 評価A:0.60kgf/cm以上(非常に良い)
‐ 評価B:0.40kgf/cm以上0.60kgf/cm未満(良い)
‐ 評価C:0.20kgf/cm以上0.40kgf/cm未満(許容可能)
‐ 評価D:0.20kgf/cm未満(悪い)
樹脂付銅箔20を最外層として、2枚のプリプレグ(パナソニック株式会社製MEGTRON−6、実厚さ68μm)と共に積層して、厚さ0.14mmの両面銅張積層板28を作製した。その後、銅箔をパターンエッチングすることにより、マイクロストリップ回路を作製した。回路の特性インピーダンスが50Ωとなるパターンを選定し、50GHzにおける伝送損失S21(db/cm)を測定した。結果は表3に示されるとおりであった。
‐ 評価A:−0.55db/cm以上(良い)
‐ 評価B:−0.70db/cm以上(許容可能)
ポリイミド樹脂の代わりにフェノール樹脂(明和化成株式会社製、MEH−7500)を用いたこと以外は例10と同様にして、樹脂ワニスの調製及び各種評価を行った。結果は表2に示されるとおりであった。
ポリイミド樹脂の配合比を40重量部(エポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して)に減らしたこと、及び芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を添加しなかったこと以外は、例1と同様にして、樹脂ワニスの調製及び各種評価を行った。結果は表2に示されるとおりであった。
ポリイミド樹脂を添加しなかったこと、及び芳香族ポリアミド樹脂の配合比を50重量部(エポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して)に減らしたこと以外は、例1と同様にして、樹脂ワニスの調製及び各種評価を行った。結果は表2に示されるとおりであった。
Claims (13)
- 銅箔の少なくとも片面に樹脂層を備えた樹脂付銅箔であって、前記樹脂層が、
エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、及び芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を含む樹脂混合物と、
イミダゾール系硬化触媒と、
を含む、樹脂付銅箔であって、
前記ポリイミド樹脂が、ポリイミド樹脂単体として、周波数1GHzにおいて、誘電率が2.0〜3.0、誘電正接が0.001〜0.005である、樹脂付銅箔。 - 前記樹脂混合物が、前記エポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して、前記ポリイミド樹脂を160〜340重量部を含み、かつ、前記芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を50〜200重量部含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記樹脂混合物が、前記エポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して、前記ポリイミド樹脂を200〜300重量部を含み、かつ、前記芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を80〜150重量部含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記樹脂層が無機フィラーをさらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記樹脂層が、前記エポキシ樹脂、前記ポリイミド樹脂、及び前記芳香族ポリアミド樹脂の合計量100重量部に対して、前記無機フィラーを10〜100重量部含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記無機フィラーがシリカ粒子である、請求項4又は5に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記銅箔の樹脂層側の表面における、JIS B0601−2001に準拠して測定される十点平均粗さRzjisが2.0μm以下である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記銅箔の樹脂層側の表面に、平均粒径10〜300nmの粒子状突起を備えた、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記銅箔の樹脂層側の表面に、粒子状突起が40〜280個/μm2で存在する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記樹脂層が硬化された状態において、前記樹脂層が、周波数1GHzにおいて、0.020未満の誘電正接を有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 前記樹脂層が硬化された状態において、JIS C6481−1996に準拠して測定される、前記樹脂層及び前記銅箔間の剥離強度が0.40kgf/cm以上である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔を備えてなり、前記樹脂層が硬化されている、銅張積層板。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂付銅箔を備えてなり、前記樹脂層が硬化されている、プリント配線板。
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US11603466B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2023-03-14 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co.. Ltd. | Epoxy resin composition |
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