JP6279197B2 - 血管腔内治療装置 - Google Patents
血管腔内治療装置 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B17/22004—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves
- A61B17/22012—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic shock waves in direct contact with, or very close to, the obstruction or concrement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2255—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips
- A61B2018/2272—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips with reflective or refractive surfaces for deflecting the beam
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Description
(i)血管内に引き延ばされた軸を画定している導波管を導入;
(ii)導波管を通る放射線の伝達;および
(iii)周囲の脈管壁の角度をもって延在している部分上に、導波管の引き延ばされた軸について側方へ放射線を射出。
(i)引き延ばされた軸を画定するエネルギー印加装置の血管内への導入;
(ii)血管内へのエネルギー印加装置の導入の前後において、おおよそ同じ大きさでの血管の維持;
(iii)エネルギー印加装置のための血管壁の前形成、平坦化、圧縮または移動が実質的にない、血管の周囲の壁の中への、装置の引き延ばされた軸について側方へのエネルギー印加装置からのエネルギーの印加;および
(iv)血管の熱的損傷。
(i)引き延ばされた軸を画定するエネルギー印加装置の血管内への導入;
(ii)エネルギー印加装置のための血管壁の前形成、平坦化、圧縮または移動が実質的にない、血管の周囲の壁の中へのエネルギー印加装置からのエネルギーの印加;
(iii)血管壁内に印加されたエネルギーの実質的な吸収、および血管が閉鎖されるよう血管内皮への充分な損傷の誘発;および
(iv)組織に熱的損傷を与えるであろうレベルにおける、血管壁の通過および血管を囲む組織の中への印加されたエネルギー伝達の実質的な防止。
(i)エネルギー印加装置の血管内への導入;
(ii)エネルギー印加装置から血管の治療領域内への、平均で血管が閉鎖できるほど充分に高いが、治療領域に沿った麻酔剤の必要が実質的に避けられるほど充分に低い、血管の長さ毎における所定のエネルギーの伝達;および
(iii)熱的損傷および血管の閉鎖。
(i)拡張蛇行静脈内へのエネルギー印加装置の導入;
(ii)エネルギー印加装置から静脈の治療領域内への、平均で約30J/cmの静脈の長さ毎における所定のエネルギーの伝達;および
(iii)熱的損傷および静脈の閉鎖。
106 石英キャップ
110 射出表面
112 反射表面
140 芯
146 クラッディング
200 光ファイバー
202 標準部分
204 遠位の末端
206 保護キャップ
208 溝
210 光ファイバーチップ
212 反射表面
214 標的組織
216 残りの放射線
218 放射線
314 静脈
320 光ファイバー
420 光ファイバー
424 レーザー放射線源
426 温度センサ
428 パワーコントロールモジュール
430 プルバックアクチュエータ
432 プルバックスピードコントローラ
500 光ファイバー
502 標準部分
504 射出部分
506 石英キャップ
510 光ファイバーチップ
512 反射表面
514 血管
534 ガイドワイヤ
536 ガイドワイヤ取付/脱離機構
600 光ファイバーセット
606 石英キャップ
608 溝
610 反射表面
614 血管
634 ガイドワイヤ
700 光ファイバー
740 ファイバー芯
742 反射コーン
800 光ファイバー
840 ファイバー芯
844 ギャップ
900 ファイバー
906 キャップ
908 溝
914 脈管
946 スリーブ
1100 光ファイバー
1106 保護キャップ
1107 遠位の末端
1109 封止スペース
1110 射出面
1200 光ファイバー
1206 保護スリーブ
1207 遠位の末端
1209 中央孔
1210 射出面
Claims (15)
- 長軸を画定する可撓性導波管を備える血管腔内治療装置であって、
前記可撓性導波管は、放射線源に光学的に接続可能な一端部と、血管内に受容可能な他端部とを備え、
前記可撓性導波管の前記他端部は、導波管の前記長軸について角度をつけられている放射線射出表面を含み、
角度をつけられた前記放射線射出表面は、側方に放射線を放射し、環状の放射線のビームを作るように実質的円錐体形状に構成され、
前記導波管の前記他端部に堅固に固定され、前記他端部を封止する被覆物をさらに備え、前記被覆物はその中に前記放射線射出表面を囲み、かつ気体と導波管との境界面を画定し、
前記気体と導波管との境界面は、前記導波管の前記長軸について角度をつけられており、
前記導波管の遠位の領域に沿って互いに軸方向に間隔が空いている複数の放射線射出表面によって画定される、側方放射線射出遠位領域をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする血管腔内治療装置。 - 前記側方放射線射出遠位領域を囲み、前記導波管の外部について封止している前記複数の放射線射出表面のそれぞれにおける気体境界面を形成する軸方向延長被覆物をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記被覆物は、射出放射線について実質的に透き通り、前記導波管に蛇行した前記血管を通る経路上で屈曲するのを可能にするほど充分に可撓性を有する、
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の装置。 - 前記導波管上を滑ることができるよう取り付けられるスリーブをさらに備え、
側方に放射された放射線を前記導波管へ戻し、前記側方放射線射出遠位領域の軸の長さを調整するための内部放射線反射表面を画定する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 長軸を画定する可撓性導波管を備える血管腔内治療装置であって、
前記可撓性導波管は、放射線源に光学的に接続可能な一端部と、血管内に受容可能な他端部とを備え、
前記可撓性導波管の前記他端部は、導波管の前記長軸について角度をつけられている放射線射出表面を含み、
角度をつけられた前記放射線射出表面は、側方に放射線を放射し、環状の放射線のビームを作るように実質的円錐体形状に構成され、
前記導波管の前記他端部に堅固に固定され、前記他端部を封止する被覆物をさらに備え、前記被覆物はその中に前記放射線射出表面を囲み、かつ気体と導波管との境界面を画定し、
前記気体と導波管との境界面は、前記導波管の前記長軸について角度をつけられており、
放射線源と、
前記血管内の温度をモニタリングし、そこで示すシグナルを伝達するための、前記導波管の遠位の領域と熱的に連結されている温度センサと、
そこでの前記放射線源のパワー出力を調整するための、前記温度センサと電気的に連結されているコントロールモジュールと、
前記導波管のプルバックスピードを調整するための、前記導波管と推進可能に連結されているプルバックアクチュエータと、をさらに備え、
前記コントロールモジュールは、前記導波管の前記遠位の領域における温度に基づく前記導波管の前記プルバックスピードを調整するために、前記プルバックアクチュエータと電気的に連結されている、
ことを特徴とする血管腔内治療装置。 - 長軸を画定する可撓性導波管を備える血管腔内治療装置であって、
前記可撓性導波管は、放射線源に光学的に接続可能な一端部と、血管内に受容可能な他端部とを備え、
前記可撓性導波管の前記他端部は、導波管の前記長軸について角度をつけられている放射線射出表面を含み、
角度をつけられた前記放射線射出表面は、側方に放射線を放射し、環状の放射線のビームを作るように実質的円錐体形状に構成され、
前記導波管の前記他端部に堅固に固定され、前記他端部を封止する被覆物をさらに備え、前記被覆物はその中に前記放射線射出表面を囲み、かつ気体と導波管との境界面を画定し、
前記気体と導波管との境界面は、前記導波管の前記長軸について角度をつけられており、
前記導波管に脱離可能に連結されており、前記血管を通って前記導波管を導くため、前記導波管の前記他端部を越えて遠位に延長している遠位部分を含むガイドワイヤをさらに備え、
前記ガイドワイヤは、機械的に前記導波管に接続されており、前記ガイドワイヤ上で遠位に押すことでは前記導波管から脱離不可能であるが、前記ガイドワイヤ上で近位に引くことで前記導波管から脱離可能である、
ことを特徴とする血管腔内治療装置。 - 長軸を画定する可撓性導波管を備える血管腔内治療装置であって、
前記可撓性導波管は、放射線源に光学的に接続可能な一端部と、血管内に受容可能な他端部とを備え、
前記可撓性導波管の前記他端部は、導波管の前記長軸について側方に放射線を放射し、環状の放射線のビームを作るように実質的円錐体形状に構成される第1の手段を含み、
前記導波管の軸方向に延長している領域に沿って、前記導波管の前記長軸について側方に放射線を射出する第2の手段をさらに備え、
前記放射線を射出する第2の手段は、前記放射線を射出する第2の手段について近位に位置し互いに軸方向に間隔を空けている複数の放射線射出表面を含み、
前記放射線射出表面は、前記可撓性導波管に形成されている、
ことを特徴とする血管腔内治療装置。 - 前記第1の手段は、実質的凸形状である射出表面を含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。 - 前記第1の手段の前記射出表面は、実質的円錐体形状である、
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の装置。 - 前向きに向けられる放射線を前記導波管の前記長軸について側方に反射する反射手段をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。 - 前記反射手段は、前記第1の手段と相対的に遠位に間隔を空け対面している反射表面を含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の装置。 - 前記第1の手段を囲み、前記導波管の前記長軸について側方に射出放射線を反らせるための気体境界面を形成する手段をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。 - 前記放射線を射出する第2の手段の長さを調整する調整手段をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。 - 前記調整手段は、前記導波管上を滑ることができるよう取り付けられるスリーブを含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の装置。 - 前記導波管が平均で30J/cm未満の前記血管の血管壁へのエネルギー伝達率で、レーザー放射線を伝達している間に、前記導波管を引き戻す手段をさらに備える、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。
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