JP6007113B2 - マイクロカプセルの製造方法およびマイクロカプセル - Google Patents
マイクロカプセルの製造方法およびマイクロカプセル Download PDFInfo
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- JP6007113B2 JP6007113B2 JP2013002829A JP2013002829A JP6007113B2 JP 6007113 B2 JP6007113 B2 JP 6007113B2 JP 2013002829 A JP2013002829 A JP 2013002829A JP 2013002829 A JP2013002829 A JP 2013002829A JP 6007113 B2 JP6007113 B2 JP 6007113B2
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- Prior art keywords
- microcapsule
- vinyl monomer
- vinyl
- electron
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
- A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
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Description
さらに詳しくは、本発明は、コア材である機能性有機化合物の機能保持(漏洩防止等)および機能発現(浸透調整等)の効果を高めるべく、シェル材である重合体の化学特性、物理特性、形状特性(粒径分布等)を任意に制御できるマイクロカプセルの製造方法およびその製造方法により得られるマイクロカプセルに関するものである。
しかし乍、上述の通り、これら公知技術は、各要素技術を個別に提案するにとどまり、すべての要素技術の総合的な解決を提案するものではない。
CV値=(液滴径分布の標準偏差/体積平均粒径)×100 式(1)
さらに好ましいラジカル開始剤は、ジ−(3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノイル)−ペルオキシド、4,4’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、t−ブチルペルピバラート、ジメチル−2,2−アゾビスイソブチラートおよび1,1,3,3,−テトラメチル ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエートである。これらは、半減期10時間を温度範囲30〜100℃において有する。
これらの過程で、ビニルモノマーは、いわゆる、親水性基が球の表面にミセルを形成して配列し界面活性剤様の機能を果たすものと考えられるが、この機能の発現には、特に、本発明に係るビニルモノマー化合物の組み合わせ(疎水性と親水性の組み合わせ)が貢献していると考えられる。
内径20mm、長さ約500mmの円筒型ケーシング内に1400メッシュの主金網からなる金網と長さ10mm、内径15mmのスペーサーから成るユニットを30組挿入して乳化装置とした。
O/W型分散液には、ビニル基を含まない有機化合物としてJX日鉱日石エネルギー社製TS−8(化学名:n−オクタデカン、機能:蓄熱性)、ビニルモノマーとしてスチレン、架橋剤としてEGDMA(組成を表1に示す)、開始剤として日油社製パーオクタO(POO、化学名:1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエート)、1.4重量部、および連鎖移動剤として花王社製チオカルコール20(化学名:n−ドデシルメルカプタン)3.0重量部の油相混合物に分散剤水溶液(クラレ製PVA217EE、0.5重量部)を加えて使用し、それぞれ個別のプランジャーポンプにより上記油相混合物および分散剤水溶液をそれぞれ15g/分、30g/分の流量にて乳化装置に導入することにより乳化を実施し、O/W型乳化液を得て、重合原料に供した。
撹拌機、圧力計、および温度計を備えた容器(重合槽)に、上記操作で得られたO/W型乳化液60gと分散剤水溶液40g(クラレ製PVA217EE、1.5重量部)を投入し、重合器内を減圧して容器内の脱酸素を行い、窒素により圧力を常圧に戻し、窒素で0.3MPaまで加圧した。撹拌機を回転させた状態で、重合槽内温を110℃まで昇温し、重合を開始した。2時間で重合を終了し、重合槽内温を室温まで冷却した。重合乳化液を濾紙を用いて濾過し、蓄熱材マイクロカプセルを単離し、これを80℃、大気圧下にて乾燥し、蓄熱材マイクロカプセルの粉末が得られた。
(1)粒径、CV値を以下の方法で測定した。
コールターカウンター(ベックマンコールター社製、マルチサイザー4)にて上記にて得られたスラリーの体積平均径(以下「体積平均粒径」という。)および液滴径分布を測定した。なお測定粒子数は10万個である。その結果、液滴の体積平均粒径24μm、CV値は27%であった。液滴径分布の指標に使用したCV値は以下の式(1)にて算出した。
CV値=液滴径分布の標準偏差/体積平均粒径×100 ・・・式(1)
以下の実施例、比較例においても同様の方法にて体積平均粒径およびCV値を測定した。
(2)VOC値を以下の方法で測定した。
試料をシャーレに0.1g量り取り、マイクロチャンバーに入れ、100℃×2hr放置後、25℃×22hrに放置する条件で放散試験を行ない、発生するガスをTenaxTA捕集管にて捕集した。放散ガス捕集管(TenaxTA管)及びマイクロチャンバーをヘキサンにより溶媒抽出し、ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計(GC/MS)にて発生したガスの定量を行なった。
上記特性値の測定結果を表1に示した。
内径20mm、長さ約500mmの円筒型ケーシング内に3000メッシュの主金網からなる金網と長さ10mm、内径15mmのスペーサーから成るユニットを30組挿入して乳化装置とした。
O/W型分散液には、ビニル基を含まない有機化合物としてJX日鉱日石エネルギー社製パラフィンTS−8(化学名:n−オクタデカン、機能:蓄熱性)とビニルモノマー化合物としてスチレン、架橋剤としてEGDMA(組成を表1に示す)、開始剤として日油社製パーオクタO(POO)1.4重量部、および連鎖移動剤として花王社製チオカルコール20(化学名:n−ドデシルメルカプタン、“DM”とも表記)。3.0重量部の油相混合物に、分散剤水溶液(クラレ製PVA217EE、2重量部)を混合して得た分散体を使用した。それぞれ個別のプランジャーポンプにより油相混合物を30g/分、分散時水溶液を60g/分の流量にて乳化装置に導入することにより乳化を実施し、O/W型乳化液を得た。蒸留水で希釈し、油相の濃度が20重量%であるO/W型乳化液とし、重合原料に供した。
撹拌機、圧力計、および温度計を備えた容器(重合槽)に、上記O/W型乳化液60gと蒸留水40gを投入し、重合器内を減圧して容器内の脱酸素を行い、窒素により重合層内圧を常圧に戻して、窒素で0.3MPaまで加圧した。撹拌機を回転させた状態で、重合槽内温を110℃まで昇温し、重合を開始した。2時間で重合を終了し、重合槽内温を室温まで冷却した。マイクロカプセル濃度約20重量%の蓄熱マイクロカプセルを含むスラリーを得た。重合液を濾紙を用いて濾過し、蓄熱マイクロカプセルを単離し、これを80℃、大気圧下にて乾燥し、マイクロカプセルの粉末が得られた。
得られたマイクロカプセル試料の各特性値を測定し、結果を表1に示した。
主金網が3000メッシュの金網を2400メッシュの金網に代えて使用した以外は実施例2と同様の操作により、O/W乳化液を調製した。
<重合反応>
実施例2と同様に、O/W乳化液を重合してマイクロカプセルの粉末を調製した。
得られたマイクロカプセル試料の各特性値を測定し、結果を表1に示した。
<O/W型乳化液の重合反応前の調合と処理>
室温で分散剤水溶液160g(クラレ製PVA217EE、2重量部)を導入し、重合性成分としてスチレン、架橋剤としてEGDMA及び非重合性成分として“TS−8”を含む油相物(各組成を表1に示す)80gを混合し、ホモジナイザーを用いて3000rpmで分散させ、5分間の分散により、O/W型乳化液を得た。
重合条件は実施例2と同様の操作により、蓄熱マイクロカプセルの粉末が得られた。
得られたマイクロカプセル試料の各特性値を測定し、結果を表1に示した。
また、上記O/W乳化液を原料として実施例2と同様に重合反応を行ない、マイクロカプセルの粉末を得た。
得られたマイクロカプセルのVOC、CV値を実施例1に記載した要領で測定し、さらに、下記の測定方法にて測定した加熱減量を表2に示した。
<加熱減量の測定>
乾燥したマイクロカプセルを、アルミカップに1〜2g秤量し、これを80℃にて5時間真空下に保持し、加熱減量を測定した。
得られたマイクロカプセルの特性値を測定し、表2に示した。
得られたマイクロカプセルの特性値を測定し、表2に示した。
得られたマイクロカプセルの特性値を測定し、表2に示した。
得られたマイクロカプセルの特性値を測定し、表2に示した。
得られたマイクロカプセルの特性値を測定し、表2に示した。
表1の結果より、実施例1〜3のシェル材のビニルモノマーとしてスチレンのみ、コア材の有機化合物としてn−オクタデカンを用いたO/W乳化液を重合して得たマイクロカプセルは、CV値が何れも30%未満と小さく、ホモジナイザーを用いて乳化した比較例1に比べて均一な粒径分布であることが分かった。
表2の結果より、実施例7〜9の場合のようにシェル材としてビニルモノマーとしてアクリロニトリルまたはメタクリロニトリルを15重量部とスチレン15〜30重量部を用い(Δe値が2.0前後)、コア材としてn−オクタデカンを用い、所定量の架橋剤を添加し、本願発明に係る乳化方法によって得たO/W乳化液を重合して得られたマイクロカプセルは、加熱減量が低く、耐熱性が高く、加工安定性に優れるものと推定され、またVOCも比較例1のホモジナイザー分散による場合に比べて低いことから、コア材の漏洩または揮発防止に寄与し、よって物質の安全性に寄与しているものと推定される。
本発明のマイクロカプセルは、香料、医薬、農薬、殺虫剤、生理活性物質、忌避剤、消臭剤、着色剤、芳香剤、蓄熱材等種々の用途に用いられ得る。
Claims (5)
- ビニル基を含まない有機化合物と少なくとも1種のビニルモノマーとを含むO/W型分散液を原料とし、前記ビニルモノマー化合物の重合反応を経て、コアが前記ビニル基を含まない有機化合物でありシェルが前記ビニルモノマー化合物の重合体であるコア―シェル構造を有するマイクロカプセルを製造する方法において、
前記O/W型分散液が、
前記重合反応前に、流路に沿って設けられた一定間隔を保持して配置されてなる複数の網状体を連続して順次通過させて乳化処理される工程を含み、
かつ マイクロカプセルの以下の式(1)で定義されるCV値が30以下であることを特徴とするマイクロカプセルの製造方法。
CV値=(液滴径分布の標準偏差/体積平均粒径)×100 式(1) - 前記マイクロカプセルを製造する方法において、
前記ビニルモノマー化合物が
電子吸引性基を有する少なくとも1種のビニルモノマーと電子供与性基を有する少なくとも1種のビニルモノマーとを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のマイクロカプセルの製造方法。 - 前記O/W型分散液が2以上のビニル基を含む架橋剤を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1ないし2に記載のマイクロカプセルの製造方法。
- 前記2以上のビニル基を含む架橋剤が電子吸引性基を有することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のマイクロカプセルの製造方法。
- 前記O/W型分散液中のビニルモノマーが、電子吸引性基を有するビニルモノマーとしてアクリロニトリルおよび/またはメタクリロニトリル、電子供与性基を有するビニルモノマーとしてスチレンを含むことを特徴とする請求項1ないし4の何れかに記載のマイクロカプセルの製造方法。
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TW103100493A TW201427767A (zh) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-01-07 | 微膠囊製造方法及微膠囊 |
PCT/JP2014/050608 WO2014109412A1 (ja) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-01-08 | マイクロカプセルの製造方法およびマイクロカプセル |
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CN201480004473.7A CN104918695A (zh) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-01-08 | 微胶囊的制造方法及微胶囊 |
US14/759,755 US20150353805A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2014-01-08 | Method for Producing Microcapsule and Microcapsule |
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US (1) | US20150353805A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2944375A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6007113B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104918695A (ja) |
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GB201510942D0 (en) | 2015-06-22 | 2015-08-05 | Givaudan Sa | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
WO2018110638A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | 花王株式会社 | マイクロカプセルの製造方法 |
CN107418519B (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种窄粒径分布的有机相变材料微胶囊及其制备方法 |
CN111359552B (zh) * | 2020-03-02 | 2022-06-24 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种自交联型精油微胶囊及其制备方法 |
CN112675793A (zh) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-20 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | 一种灵芝孢子油纳米微囊的制备方法 |
CN113913160B (zh) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-08-15 | 青岛尼希米生物科技有限公司 | 一种双层囊壁储能调温微胶囊、聚丙烯腈纤维及其制备方法 |
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CA1253833A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1989-05-09 | Akira Yada | Process for preparing water-soluble polymer gel particles |
JPH02294655A (ja) * | 1989-05-10 | 1990-12-05 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | 電子写真用マイクロカプセルトナー及びその製造方法 |
DE19749731A1 (de) | 1997-11-11 | 1999-05-12 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Mikrokapseln als Latentwärmespeicher |
JP2004203978A (ja) | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-22 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 蓄熱マイクロカプセル |
EP1577359B1 (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2011-02-16 | Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Thermally expandable microcapsule, process for producing molded foam, and molded foam |
JP4527946B2 (ja) | 2003-03-18 | 2010-08-18 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 蓄熱マイクロカプセルの製造方法及び蓄熱マイクロカプセル |
JP2006257415A (ja) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-09-28 | Kobe Univ | 蓄熱カプセル及びその利用 |
CN1321735C (zh) * | 2005-03-29 | 2007-06-20 | 东华大学 | 乳液聚合法合成相变储能微胶囊 |
CN100336834C (zh) * | 2005-05-11 | 2007-09-12 | 浙江大学 | 油溶性引发剂引发活性细乳液聚合法制备微胶囊的方法 |
ES2761937T3 (es) * | 2005-10-24 | 2020-05-21 | Magsense Life Sciences Inc | Método para preparar micropartículas recubiertas con polímero |
CN101421027A (zh) * | 2006-04-10 | 2009-04-29 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 连续乳化方法和用于该方法的乳化设备 |
WO2007117041A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-18 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 連続乳化方法およびそのための乳化装置 |
JP5324757B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-04 | 2013-10-23 | 松本油脂製薬株式会社 | 蓄熱マイクロカプセル、その製造方法および用途 |
JP5216295B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2013-06-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 乳化液の粒径および粒径分布を制御する方法およびこの方法に使用する装置 |
JP2009185218A (ja) * | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-20 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | マイクロカプセルの水性分散体の製造方法及びマイクロカプセルを用いた架橋性樹脂組成物 |
JP4714780B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-29 | 2011-06-29 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 単孔中空ポリマー微粒子の製造方法 |
JP2010150329A (ja) | 2008-12-24 | 2010-07-08 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 蓄熱材用マイクロカプセル粒子 |
US20150353803A1 (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2015-12-10 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation | Microcapsule Heat Storage Material, Method of Producing the Same, and Use of the Same |
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TW201427767A (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
JP2014133212A (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
US20150353805A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
EP2944375A1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
WO2014109412A1 (ja) | 2014-07-17 |
EP2944375A4 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
CA2897148A1 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
CN104918695A (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
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