JP5969169B2 - 複合分離膜 - Google Patents
複合分離膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5969169B2 JP5969169B2 JP2011042707A JP2011042707A JP5969169B2 JP 5969169 B2 JP5969169 B2 JP 5969169B2 JP 2011042707 A JP2011042707 A JP 2011042707A JP 2011042707 A JP2011042707 A JP 2011042707A JP 5969169 B2 JP5969169 B2 JP 5969169B2
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 110
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 26
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
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- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butoxymethyl]-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CC)(CO)CO WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005542 ethidium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monoethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monomethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=CC(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002244 furazanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCRCUPLGCSFEDV-BQYQJAHWSA-N methyl trans-cinnamate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 CCRCUPLGCSFEDV-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940074369 monoethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N monomethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005650 monomethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088644 n,n-dimethylacrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZZVMEUAUWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(C)C ZUHZZVMEUAUWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTSYWKJYFPPRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(butoxymethyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCOCNC(=O)C=C UTSYWKJYFPPRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMLXKXHICXTSDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[1,2-dihydroxy-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)ethyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NC(O)C(O)NC(=O)C=C ZMLXKXHICXTSDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYGYHGXUJBFUJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(prop-2-enoylamino)ethyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCCNC(=O)C=C AYGYHGXUJBFUJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGXGJIVGBCOERN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[5-ethyl-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)-6-phenylphenanthridin-5-ium-8-yl]-2-methylprop-2-enamide;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(NC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(NC(=O)C(C)=C)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 IGXGJIVGBCOERN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVSGFSHAUFPBFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[5-ethyl-6-phenyl-3-(prop-2-enoylamino)phenanthridin-5-ium-8-yl]prop-2-enamide;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(NC(=O)C=C)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(NC(=O)C=C)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VVSGFSHAUFPBFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC=C RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001298 n-hexoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004998 naphthylethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CC* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- HPAFOABSQZMTHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HPAFOABSQZMTHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(4-phenylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004346 phenylpentyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)CCCCC* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001844 prenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine Chemical compound C1CNNC1 USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVJHJDDKYZXRJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrroline Natural products C1CC=NC1 ZVJHJDDKYZXRJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013464 silicone adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran Chemical compound S1C=CC=C=C1 IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-1-ynyl)silane Chemical compound CC#C[Si](C)(C)C DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007964 xanthones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
前記アミン化合物は、下記式[I]及び/又は[II]で示されるアミドアミノ基を有しており、かつ前記高分子膜の両面に疎水性層が積層されていることを特徴とする複合分離膜、に関する。
(式中、A1は炭素数1〜3の二価有機残基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。)
(式中、A2は炭素数1〜3の二価有機残基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。)
前記アミン化合物は、下記式[I]及び/又は[II]で示されるアミドアミノ基を有しており、かつ前記高分子膜の両面に疎水性層が積層されていることを特徴とする。
(式中、A1は炭素数1〜3の二価有機残基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。)
(式中、A2は炭素数1〜3の二価有機残基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。)
なお、本発明において複合分離膜とは、ガス分離能を有する高分子膜、疎水性層、及び多孔質支持膜が一体に形成されたものをいう。
M(OR1)n (1)
(式中、Mは三価以上の金属原子を示し、nは3〜6の整数を示し、R1は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基、炭素数2〜6のアルケニル基、炭素数3〜10のシクロアルキル基、炭素数3〜10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素数6〜10のアリール基、炭素数7〜12のアラルキル基、炭素数2〜7のアシル基、式−NHR2で示される基(式中、R2は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を示す。)、式−NR3R4で示される基(式中、R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を示す。)、式−C(O)−NHR5で示される基(式中、R5は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を示す。)、式−C(O)−NR6R7で示される基(式中、R6及びR7は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を示す。)、又は1〜3個の酸素原子、窒素原子若しくは硫黄原子を含む5〜10員複素環基を示し、これらは互いに結合して環構造を形成していてもよく、これらの基又は環は置換基を有していてもよい。)
Ti(OR1)4
(式中、R1は、前記と同様である。)
(式中、t−Buはtert−ブチル基を示す。)
(多孔質支持膜の作製)
ポリスルホン(Solvay Advanced Polymers Co.、商品名:Udel P-3500)54gをN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)246gに溶解させてポリスルホン溶液を得た。ポリスルホン溶液を、ガラス板上に固定したPET不織布上にアプリケータ(ギャップ250μm)を用いて塗布し、その後、当該ガラス板を水中に浸漬してポリスルホンを凝固させた。さらに、流水中で約1時間洗浄して溶媒であるDMFを抽出した。その後、室温で12時間乾燥させて、PET不織布上にポリスルホン多孔層を有する多孔性支持膜を作製した。
2成分型シリコーンエラストマー(モメンティブパフォーマンスマテリアルズ社製、商品名:RTV-615、A液及びB液)を重量比10:1(A液:B液)で混合し、さらにヘキサンで希釈してエラストマー溶液(シリコーン濃度3重量%)を調製した。
作製した多孔性支持膜上に、調製したエラストマー溶液をアプリケータ(ギャップ100μm)を用いて塗布し、130℃のオーブン中で10分間キュアしてシリコーンエラストマーを硬化させて、多孔性支持膜上に疎水性層(厚み1μm)を形成した。
下記式で示される第0世代ポリアミドアミンデンドリマーを50重量%含むメタノール溶液(アルドリッチ社製)を40℃の水浴中にてロータリーエバポレータを用いて5時間減圧蒸留し、一晩真空乾燥してポリアミドアミンデンドリマーのみを単離した。
ポリビニルアルコール(和光純薬工業社製、重合度:2000、ケン化度:98%以上)5gを95gの純水に溶解させてポリビニルアルコール溶液(ポリビニルアルコール濃度5重量%)を調製した。
単離したポリアミドアミンデンドリマー3g、調製したポリビニルアルコール溶液40g、及びジイソプロポキシ(ビストリエタノールアミネート)チタンを80重量%含むイソプロパノール溶液(マツモトファインケミカル社製、オルガチックスTC−400)0.125gを混合して混合溶液を調製した。
多孔性支持膜上に形成した疎水性層上に、調製した前記混合溶液をアプリケータ(ギャップ1500μm)を用いて塗布し、1日自然乾燥させた。その後、120℃で1時間熱処理を行い、疎水性層上に高分子膜(厚み150μm)を形成した。
その後、高分子膜上に、前記エラストマー溶液をアプリケータ(ギャップ100μm)を用いて塗布し、130℃のオーブン中で10分間キュアしてシリコーンエラストマーを硬化させて、高分子膜上に疎水性層(厚み1μm)を形成して複合分離膜を作製した。
実施例1において、高分子膜の両面に疎水性層を設けなかった以外は実施例1と同様の方法で複合分離膜を作製した。
(分離係数α、パーミアンス(透過率)QCO2及びQHeの測定)
ガス透過測定装置(ジーエルサイエンス株式会社製)を用いた。複合分離膜の供給側にCO2ガス(80体積%)及びHeガス(20体積%)を含む混合ガスを大気圧下で供給し、透過側には大気圧の乾燥させたArガスを流通させた。なお、混合ガスはバブラーを用いて80%に加湿した。透過側のArガスの一部を所定時間の間隔でガスクロマトグラフに導入してCO2ガス及びHeガスの濃度変化を測定した。時間経過に対するCO2ガス及びHeガスの濃度の増加量からCO2ガス及びHeガスのパーミアンスを求めた。混合ガスを供給して30分毎に15時間測定し、性能(数値)が安定したときの数値を採用した。
ガス透過測定装置の設定条件、ガスクロマトグラフィーの分析条件、ガスのパーミアンスの算出方法は以下のとおりである。
供給ガス量:100cc/min
供給ガス組成:CO2ガス(80体積%)、Heガス(20体積%)
透過側流量ガス:Arガス
透過側流量ガス量:10cc/min
透過面積:8.04cm2
測定温度:40℃
バブラー温度:35.9℃
Arキャリアーガス量:10cc/min
TCD温度:150℃
オーブン温度:80℃
TCD電流:70mA
TCD極性:[−]LOW
TCD LOOP:1ml シリコスチール管 1/16”×1.0×650mm
ガスクロマトグラフィーで求めた透過側流量ガス中のガス濃度からガスの透過量Nを算出して、下記式1及び2によりパーミアンスQCO2及びQHeを計算した。また、下記式3により分離係数αを計算した。
作製した複合分離膜を24時間純水中に浸漬し、その後、上記と同様の方法で分離係数α、パーミアンスQCO2及びQHeを測定した。
Claims (4)
- 高分子重合体及びアミン化合物を含む高分子膜と、多孔質支持膜とが積層されている複合分離膜において、
前記アミン化合物は、下記式[I]及び/又は[II]で示されるアミドアミノ基を有しており、かつ前記高分子膜の両面に疎水性層が積層されていることを特徴とする複合分離膜。
(式中、A1は炭素数1〜3の二価有機残基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。)
(式中、A2は炭素数1〜3の二価有機残基を示し、nは0または1の整数を示す。) - 疎水性層は、純水に対する接触角が10°以上である請求項1記載の複合分離膜。
- 疎水性層の形成材料が、シリコーンエラストマーである請求項1又は2記載の複合分離膜。
- 二酸化炭素を含む混合ガスを、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の複合分離膜に接触させて、該混合ガス中の二酸化炭素を選択的に透過させる工程を含む二酸化炭素の分離方法。
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