JP5882226B2 - ヒト胚性幹細胞の分化 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は、米国特許仮出願第61/289,692号(2009年12月23日出願)の利益を主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、多能性幹細胞からのインスリン産生細胞への分化を促進させるための方法を提供する。具体的には本発明は、膵臓内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞集団において、NGN3及びNKX6.1の発現を増加させる方法を提供する。
a)多能性幹細胞を培養する工程と、
b)多能性幹細胞を、胚体内胚葉系(definitive endoderm lineage)に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程と、
c)胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を、膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程であって、胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を分化させるために用いる培地に、H−9、H−89、GF 109203X、HA−1004、PP2、PP1、LY 294002、ウォルトマニン、SB−203580、SB−202190、チルホスチン25、チルホスチン、AG1478、チルホスチン46、GW 5074、ケンパウロン、HNMPA、AG490、Y27632、及びML−7からなる群から選択される化合物を追加する工程と、
d)膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を、膵臓内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程と、を含む。
幹細胞は、単一の細胞レベルにおいて自己再生及び分化させて、自己再生前駆細胞、非再生前駆細胞、及び最終分化細胞を含む、後代細胞を生成する、能力で定義される未分化細胞である。幹細胞は、複数の胚葉(内胚葉、中胚葉及び外胚葉)から様々な細胞系の機能的細胞へとin vitroで分化させる能力、並びに移植後に複数の胚葉の組織を生じ、及び胚盤胞への注入後、全部ではないとしても大部分の組織に実質的に寄与する能力によっても特徴付けられる。
多能性幹細胞の特徴付け
多能性幹細胞は、ステージ特異的胚抗原(SSEA)3及び4、並びにTra−1−60及びTra−1−81と呼ばれる抗体によって検出可能なマーカーのうちの1つ以上を発現する(Thomsonら,Science 282:1145,1998)。多能性幹細胞をin vitroで分化させると、SSEA−4、Tra−1−60、及びTra−1−81(存在する場合)の発現が減少し、SSEA−1の発現が上昇する。未分化の多能性幹細胞は通常アルカリホスファターゼ活性を有し、細胞を4%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定した後、製造業者(Vector Laboratories,Burlingame Calif.)の説明書に従ってVector Redを基質として発生させることによって検出可能である。未分化の多能性幹細胞は、OCT4及びTERTも通常発現し、RT−PCRにより検出される。
使用が可能な多能性幹細胞の種類としては、妊娠期間中の任意の時期(必ずしもではないが、通常は妊娠約10〜12週よりも前)に採取した前胚性組織(例えば胚盤胞など)、胚性組織、胎児組織などの、妊娠後に形成される組織に由来する多能性細胞の株化細胞系が挙げられる。非限定的な例は、例えばヒト胚幹細胞株H1、H7、及びH9(WiCell)などのヒト胚幹細胞又はヒト胚生殖細胞の確立株である。それらの細胞の最初の樹立又は安定化中に本開示の組成物を使用することも想定され、その場合、供給源となる細胞は、供給源となる組織から直接採取した一次多能性細胞であろう。フィーダー細胞の不在下で既に培養された多能性幹細胞集団から採取した細胞も好適である。例えば、BG01v(BresaGen(Athens,GA))などの変異ヒト胚性幹細胞株も好適である。
一実施形態では、多能性幹細胞は、典型的にはフィーダー細胞の層上で培養され、このフィーダー細胞は、多能性幹細胞を様々な方法で支持する。あるいは、多能性幹細胞を、フィーダー細胞を本質的に含まないにも関わらず、細胞を実質的に分化させることなく多能性幹細胞の増殖を支持するような培養システム中で培養する。フィーダー細胞不含培養における多能性幹細胞の、分化を伴わない増殖は、あらかじめ他の細胞種を培養することにより馴化培地を使用して支持される。あるいはフィーダー細胞不含培養における多能性幹細胞の分化を伴わない増殖は、合成培地を使用して支持される。
一実施形態では、本発明は、膵臓内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞集団においてNGN3及びNKX6.1の発現を増加させる方法を提供し、この方法は、
a)多能性幹細胞を培養する工程と、
b)多能性幹細胞を、胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程と、
c)胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を、膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程であって、胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞の分化させるために用いる培地に、H−9、H−89、GF 109203X、HA−1004、PP2、PP1、LY 294002、ウォルトマニン、SB−203580、SB−202190、チルホスチン25、チルホスチン、AG1478、チルホスチン46、GW 5074、ケンパウロン、HNMPA、AG490、Y27632、及びML−7からなる群から選択される化合物を追加する工程と、
d)膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を、膵臓内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程と、を含む。
胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞の形成は、以下の特定のプロトコルの前後に、マーカーの存在に関して試験することにより決定され得る。多能性幹細胞は、一般にこのようなマーカーを発現しない。したがって、多能性細胞の分化は、細胞がそれらの発現を開始した際に検出される。
胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞は、当該技術分野の任意の方法、又は本発明で提案する任意の方法により、膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞へと分化させ得る。
膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞は、当該技術分野の任意の方法、又は本発明で提案する任意の方法により、膵内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞へと分化させ得る。
NGN3発現を仲介する小分子類似体のスクリーニング
転写因子NGN3の発現は、前駆細胞を内分泌細胞である運命へと進行させる間に必要とされる。このプロセスの効率向上が所望の成果である。酵素阻害物質が、分化中に伝達される細胞シグナルを制御でき、NGN3などの重要な転写因子の遺伝子発現に直接的又は間接的影響を与えることができると仮定して、小分子化合物のスクリーニングを実施した。
NKX6.1及びNGN3発現を仲介する小分子類似体のスクリーニング
NGN3を伴うNKX6.1の発現は、前駆細胞を内分泌細胞である運命へと進行させる間に必要とされる。キナーゼ阻害剤のスクリーニングを行い、任意の化合物が分化中の一方又は両方のマーカーの発現を上方制御するどうかを判定した。この実施例では、HDAC阻害剤であるトリコスタチンAについても分化プロトコルに含め、クロマチン再構築を調節し、場合により遺伝子転写を増強した。
NGN3及びNKX6.1発現を仲介する小分子類似体の確認
NGN3を伴うNKX6.1の発現は、前駆細胞を内分泌細胞である運命へと進行させる間に必要とされる。キナーゼ阻害剤のスクリーニングを繰り返し、任意の小分子化合物が分化中の一方又は両方のマーカーの発現を上方制御するどうかを判定した。この実施例では、HDAC阻害剤であるトリコスタチンAについても分化プロトコルに含め、クロマチン再構築を調節し、場合により遺伝子転写を増強した。
Claims (2)
- 膵臓内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現するヒト細胞集団においてNGN3及びNKX6.1の発現を増加させる方法であって、
a)ヒト多能性幹細胞を培養する工程と、
b)前記多能性幹細胞を、胚体内胚葉系(definitive endoderm lineage)に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程と、
c)前記胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を、膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程であって、前記胚体内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を分化させるために用いる培地に、H−9、H−89、GF 109203X、HA−1004、PP2、PP1、LY 294002、ウォルトマニン、SB−203580、SB−202190、チルホスチン25、チルホスチンAG1478、チルホスチン46、GW 5074、ケンパウロン、HNMPA、AG490、Y27632、及びML−7からなる群から選択される化合物を追加する工程と、
d)前記膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を、前記膵臓内分泌系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞に分化させる工程と、
を含む、方法。 - 前記膵臓内胚葉系に特徴的なマーカーを発現する細胞を分化させるために用いる培地が、H−9、H−89、GF 109203X、HA−1004、PP2、PP1、LY 294002、ウォルトマニン、SB−203580、SB−202190、チルホスチン25、チルホスチンAG1478、チルホスチン46、GW 5074、ケンパウロン、HNMPA、AG490、Y27632、及びML−7からなる群から選択される化合物を追加される、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US28969209P | 2009-12-23 | 2009-12-23 | |
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PCT/US2010/060770 WO2011079018A2 (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2010-12-16 | Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells |
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US9080145B2 (en) | 2007-07-01 | 2015-07-14 | Lifescan Corporation | Single pluripotent stem cell culture |
KR101617243B1 (ko) | 2007-07-31 | 2016-05-02 | 라이프스캔, 인코포레이티드 | 인간 배아 줄기 세포의 분화 |
AU2009215516B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2014-12-18 | Janssen Biotech Inc. | Methods, surface modified plates and compositions for cell attachment, cultivation and detachment |
BRPI0914116A2 (pt) | 2008-06-30 | 2019-09-17 | Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc | diferenciação de células-tronco pluripotentes |
CN102257132B (zh) | 2008-11-20 | 2014-09-03 | 森托科尔奥索生物科技公司 | 用于在平面基底上进行细胞附着和培养的方法和组合物 |
EP2366021B1 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2017-08-02 | Janssen Biotech, Inc. | Pluripotent stem cell culture on micro-carriers |
AU2010276438B2 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2015-06-11 | Janssen Biotech Inc. | Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells |
RU2701335C2 (ru) | 2009-12-23 | 2019-09-25 | Янссен Байотек, Инк. | Способ получения популяции панкреатических эндокринных клеток, соэкспрессирующих nkx6.1 и инсулин, и способ лечения диабета |
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EP2516626A4 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
KR101841271B1 (ko) | 2018-03-22 |
CN102712902A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
US9133439B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 |
RU2586506C2 (ru) | 2016-06-10 |
PL2516626T3 (pl) | 2017-10-31 |
EP2516626B1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
BR112012015727A2 (pt) | 2015-11-24 |
EP2516626A2 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
US20110151561A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
AU2010333840B2 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
CN102712902B (zh) | 2019-01-08 |
KR101923537B1 (ko) | 2018-11-29 |
WO2011079018A2 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
KR101764404B1 (ko) | 2017-08-03 |
KR20180030737A (ko) | 2018-03-23 |
AU2010333840A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
MX339669B (es) | 2016-06-02 |
SG181685A1 (en) | 2012-07-30 |
JP2013515481A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
KR20170090530A (ko) | 2017-08-07 |
CA2784425A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
SG181822A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
RU2664864C1 (ru) | 2018-08-23 |
RU2012130940A (ru) | 2014-01-27 |
WO2011079018A3 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
MX2012007414A (es) | 2012-07-17 |
ES2633648T3 (es) | 2017-09-22 |
KR20120104386A (ko) | 2012-09-20 |
ZA201205488B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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