JP5864253B2 - ナノ構造複合材シートの形成方法 - Google Patents
ナノ構造複合材シートの形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5864253B2 JP5864253B2 JP2011508688A JP2011508688A JP5864253B2 JP 5864253 B2 JP5864253 B2 JP 5864253B2 JP 2011508688 A JP2011508688 A JP 2011508688A JP 2011508688 A JP2011508688 A JP 2011508688A JP 5864253 B2 JP5864253 B2 JP 5864253B2
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Classifications
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
- H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
- H05K9/009—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding comprising electro-conductive fibres, e.g. metal fibres, carbon fibres, metallised textile fibres, electro-conductive mesh, woven, non-woven mat, fleece, cross-linked
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0098—Shielding materials for shielding electrical cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing co-axial cables
- H01B13/0162—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing co-axial cables of the central conductor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Description
図6を参照して、米国特許出願11/488,387(参照することにより本明細書に取り込まれる)と同様のナノチューブを製造するのに用いるシステムを示す。1つ実施形態において、システム30は、合成チャンバ31と結合されてもよい。合成チャンバ31は、概して、内部に反応ガス(すなわち、ガス状のカーボン源)を供給できる入口端部311と、ナノチューブ313の延長された長さの部分の合成が起こり得る加熱ゾーン(hot zone)312と、反応生成物(主にナノチューブと排ガス)を排出および捕集できる出口端部314とを含む。合成チャンバ31は、1つの実施形態では、炉316を通って延在する石英管315を含んでよい。システム30により形成されたナノチューブは、一方、個別の単層ナノチューブ、このようなナノチューブの束および/または撚り合わされた単層ナノチューブ(すなわち、ナノチューブのロープ)であってよい。
一旦、シート46が形成されると、シート内のナノチューブの伝導性および生産性を向上させるように、シート45は処理を受けてもよい。ストリップが形成される場合、ストリップ内のナノチューブの伝導性および生産性を向上させるように、ストリップもまた、処理工程を経てもよい。形成後のシート46の処理は、1つの実施形態では、シート46をプロトン化剤に曝すことを含んでもよい。プロトン化剤の1つの特徴は、カーボンナノチューブを互いに、より近く接近させることであってよい。カーボンナノチューブを互いにより近づけることにより、プロトン化剤は表面張力を減少し、抵抗を減少し、そしてシートの伝導性を増加させるよう働いてもよい。プロトン化剤の例は、ヒドロニウムイオン、塩酸、臭化水素酸、沸酸、ヨウ化水素酸、炭酸、硫酸、硝酸、フルオロ硫酸、クロロスルホン酸、メタンスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、発煙硫酸(oleum)、これらの薬剤(agent)若しくはこれらの組み合わせのような酸、または電気的および/または熱的に伝導性を有することが可能な他の材料を含んでよい。
本発明のシステムおよび方法は、複合材シートに高強度で、軽量または同程度の重量のバルク状のナノ材料を提供できる。複合材シートにナノ材料を供給することにより、バルク状のナノ材料は容易に取り扱うことができ、従って、(i)布、よろい(armor)、複合材料強化材、アンテナ、電気的または熱的伝導体、ヒーターおよび電極のような構造システム (ii)板およびI形梁(I-beam)のような構造要素 および(iii)ケーブルまたはロープ を含む最終用途のために加工すること可能である。他の用途は、水素貯蔵、電池またはキャパシタ部材を含む。
なお、本明細書の開示内容は、以下の態様を含み得る。
(態様1)
実質的に平坦な本体と、
前記本体内でマトリクスを規定する複数のナノチューブと、
ナノチューブの前記マトリックス全体に分散し、互いに隣接するナノチューブの接近を促進するプロトン化剤と、
を含む、ナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様2)
前記本体が、任意の幾何学的形状であることが可能な態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様3)
それぞれのナノチューブが、強磁性材料の触媒ナノ粒子を含む態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様4)
前記強磁性材料が、Fe、Co、Ni、これらの合金、これらの組み合わせ、またはこれらに関係する材料を含む態様3に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様5)
隣接するナノチューブの接近が、前記シートの伝導性を向上させるように作用する態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様6)
前記プロトン化剤が、ヒドロニウムイオン、塩酸、臭化水素酸、沸酸、ヨウ化水素酸、炭酸、硫酸、硝酸、フルオロ硫酸、クロロスルホン酸、メタンスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、発煙硫酸、これらの薬剤、これらの組み合わせ、およびこれらに関係する材料の1つを含んでいる態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様7)
無線周波数(RF)用途、電磁波シールド(EMI)用途、電磁パルス(EMP)用途、大電流伝送または耐落雷に用いるように構成されている態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様8)
熱伝導、電気伝導、パルス用途、熱電気用途または発電用途の1つに用いるように構成されている態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様9)
センサー用途、宇宙アンテナ、波長可変アンテナ、太陽電池、レーダー、航空宇宙、フラットパネルディスプレイ、ヒートシンクまたは他の同様の用途に用いるように構成されている態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様10)
整列を促進する化合物の混合物の溶液を更に含む態様1に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様11)
隣接するナノチューブの互いの接近を促進することにより、前記化合物の混合物が、導電性も向上させる態様10に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様12)
前記混合物が、溶媒、ポリマー、金属またはこれらの組み合わせを含む態様10に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様13)
前記溶媒が、トルエン、ケロシン、ベンゼン、ヘキサン、任意のアルコールであってエタノール、メタノール、ブタノール、イソプロパノールを含むがこれらに限定されるものではないアルコール、テトラヒドロフラン、1−メチル−2−ピロリジノン、ジメチルホルムアミド、塩化メチレン、アセトン、またはこれらの混合物を含む態様12に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様14)
前記ポリマーが、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレン、ポリ(スチレンブタジエン)、ポリクロロプレン、ポリ(ビニルアルコール)、ポリ(ビニルピロリドン)、ポリ(アクリロニトリル−コ−ブタジエン−コ−スチレン)、エポキシ、ポリウレアシラザン、ビスマレイミド、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリカーボネイト、もしくはスチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、メチルアクリレートおよびt−ブチルアクリレートを含む任意のモノマー、またはこれらの組み合わせを含む態様12に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様15)
前記金属が、水酸化ニッケル、水酸化カドミウム、塩化ニッケル、塩化銅、亜鉛酸カルシウム(CaZn 2 (OH) 6 )を含むがこれに限定されものではない塩(任意の遷移金属、アルカリ金属もしくはアルカリ土類金属の塩、またはこれらの混合物)もしくは金属酸化物(酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化銀、酸化銅、酸化マグネシウム、LiCoO 2 、LiNiO 2 、LiNixCo 1−x O 2 、LiMn 2 O 4 を含むがこれらに限定されるものではない任意の遷移金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属の酸化物またはアルカリ土類金属の酸化物)またはこれらの組み合わせを含む態様12に記載のナノ構造を有するシート。
(態様16)
ナノチューブのマトリックスにより規定される実質的に平坦な本体を形成することと、 ナノチューブのマトリックス全体にプロトン化剤を塗布することと、
前記プロトン化剤の存在により隣接するナノチューブを互いにより近くに接近させることと、
を含む、ナノ構造を有するシートの形成方法。
(態様17)
前記プロトン化剤が、更に伝導性を向上させる態様16に記載の方法。
(態様18)
前記シートを化合物の混合物の溶液により処理し、整列を促進することを更に含む態様16に記載の方法。
(態様19)
前記シートを化合物の混合物の溶液により処理し、隣接するナノチューブが互いに接近するのを促進することを更に含む態様16に記載の方法。
(態様20)
処理が、溶媒、ポリマー、金属またはこれらの組み合わせを利用することを含む態様19に記載の方法。
Claims (5)
- 合成チャンバ内で形成されたナノチューブをガス流で搬送してベルト上に堆積させることにより、連続構造体を形成するために及びシートとして取り扱うのに十分な構造的結合性を備えた前記平坦な本体を提供するために積み重ねて配置された、整列していない、混ぜられた複数のナノチューブにより規定される平坦な本体を形成することと、
前記平坦な本体全体及び隣接するナノチューブ間の開口にプロトン化剤を塗布することと、
前記プロトン化剤の存在により隣接するナノチューブを互いにより近くに接近させたまま、得られたナノ構造を有するシート内に前記プロトン化剤を残すことと、
を含む、ナノ構造を有するシートの形成方法。 - 前記プロトン化剤が、更に伝導性を向上させる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シートを化合物の混合物の溶液により処理し、前記ナノチューブの整列を促進することを更に含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記シートを化合物の混合物の溶液により処理し、隣接するナノチューブが互いに接近するのを促進することを更に含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 処理が、溶媒、ポリマー、金属またはこれらの組み合わせを利用することを含む請求項4に記載の方法。
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WO2009137722A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
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CA2723486A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
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US9396829B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 |
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