JP5539516B2 - 燃料電池/スーパーキャパシタ/車両推進用の電池動力システム - Google Patents
燃料電池/スーパーキャパシタ/車両推進用の電池動力システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5539516B2 JP5539516B2 JP2012523174A JP2012523174A JP5539516B2 JP 5539516 B2 JP5539516 B2 JP 5539516B2 JP 2012523174 A JP2012523174 A JP 2012523174A JP 2012523174 A JP2012523174 A JP 2012523174A JP 5539516 B2 JP5539516 B2 JP 5539516B2
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- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
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Description
本明細書で説明している動力システムを実現する上で鍵となる技術は、通常は動作温度が外囲温度よりも高く、電気化学電池と同等の高い比エネルギーを持つ融解塩電解質をベースとするスーパーキャパシタを利用する。先行技術は、今日の車両を駆動するのに利用されている動力システムと、スーパーキャパシタとの両方で構成される。現在の技術水準のスーパーキャパシタは、動力システムの主要動力供給部として利用するには不適切である。
残存する石油供給を賢明に利用する必要があることは明らかである。実現可能な代替案があるにも関わらず残存している石油を内燃エンジンで燃焼させて使うのは、無分別な選択である。しかし、ハイブリッド式の電気車両、プラグ接続式のハイブリッド電気車両、および、純粋な電気車両の実質エネルギーバランスがプラスにならない限り、つまり、ICEを動力源とする車両に代えて上記の電気車両を利用することによって、これらの車両の電池を製造するために消費するエネルギーより多くのエネルギーを節約しなければ、電気車両技術が「環境に優しい」技術であるという誤った考えにとらわれてしまうことになる。また、電池の寿命が少なくとも車両の残りの部品と同様の長さでなければ、多くの車両が必要な時点より早くに廃車になってしまう。電池パックの寿命が長いほど、実質エネルギーバランスがプラスになる可能性が高くなる。今日のLiイオン電池およびNiMH電池は、サイクル寿命が限られているので、多くの車両の寿命が尽きる前に交換する必要がある。
電流コレクタ1:Au
電極1:Au+LiNO3−KNO3共晶組成物(約41:59mol%)
誘電体セパレータ:BaTiO3+LiNO3−KNO3共晶組成物(約41:59mol%)
電極2:Au+LiNO3−KNO3共晶組成物(約41:59mol%)
追加で設ける電極(3、4等):電極1および2と同様
電流コレクタ2:Au
基板:ガラス
バリア層:窒化シリコン
電流コレクタ1:Ti/TiN/Pt
電極1:Pt+LiNO3−KNO3共晶組成物(約41:59mol%)
誘電体セパレータ:多孔質アルミナ+LiNO3−KNO3共晶組成物(約41:59mol%)
電極2:Pt+LiNO3−KNO3共晶組成物(約41:59mol%)
電流コレクタ2:Pt
封止層:窒化シリコン
電流コレクタ1:Pt
電極1(正極):Pd+NaAlCl4−KAlCl4共晶組成物(約70:30mol%でAlCl3またはLiAlCl4がわずかに添加されている)
誘電体セパレータ:多孔質アルミナ+NaAlCl4−KAlCl4共晶組成物(約70:30mol%でAlCl3またはLiAlCl4がわずかに添加されている)
電極2(負極):Al+NaAlCl4−KAlCl4共晶組成物(約70:30mol%でAlCl3またはLiAlCl4がわずかに添加されている)
追加で設けられる正極(3、5等):電極1と同様
追加で設けられる負極(4、6等):電極2と同様
電流コレクタ2:Al
Claims (12)
- 車両用の動力システムであって、
スーパーキャパシタと、
前記スーパーキャパシタに動作可能に接続されており、前記スーパーキャパシタにエネルギーを供給する電池充電部と、
前記スーパーキャパシタに動作可能に接続されており、前記スーパーキャパシタの内部インピーダンスを低減させるべく前記スーパーキャパシタを加熱するべくエネルギーを供給する加熱部と、
前記電池充電部に動作可能に接続されている充電装置と、
前記車両および前記スーパーキャパシタに動作可能に接続されているモータと、
前記加熱部、前記スーパーキャパシタおよび前記モータに動作可能に接続されているフィードバックループコントローラと、
を備え、
前記スーパーキャパシタは、
複数のナノコンポジット電極と、
前記複数のナノコンポジット電極と接触している電解質と、
導電材料とを有し、
少なくとも1つのナノコンポジット電極は、第1の電解質および第1の導電材料から形成され、前記第1の電解質は、融解塩を含む車両用の動力システム。 - 前記融解塩は、融点が摂氏60度から摂氏200度の範囲内である
請求項1に記載の車両用の動力システム。 - 前記複数のナノコンポジット電極と接触している電解質は、液体状電解質を含侵させている多孔質固体を含む請求項1または2に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記複数のナノコンポジット電極と接触している電解質は、融解塩を含侵させている多孔質固体を含む請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記融解塩は、融点が摂氏60度から摂氏200度の範囲内である請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記複数のナノコンポジット電極と接触している電解質は、ナノコンポジットを含む請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記ナノコンポジットは、強誘電体材料および電解質を含む請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記強誘電体材料は、リラクサ強誘電体材料を含む請求項7に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記充電装置は、燃料電池を含む請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記燃料電池は、前記加熱部に動作可能に接続されている請求項9に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記燃料電池は、第2の加熱部に動作可能に接続されている請求項9または10に記載の車両用の動力システム。
- 前記複数のナノコンポジット電極と接触している電解質は、複数のアルカリ金属硝酸塩の混合物、アルカリ金属塩化アルミニウムと
塩化アルミニウムの混合物、ならびに、塩化アルミニウムおよび塩化亜鉛の混合物から成る群から選択される請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の車両用の動力システム。
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WO2011014971A3 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
CN102598173B (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
CN102576613A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
CN104616913A (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
EP2462601A2 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
US8890476B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
JP2013501363A (ja) | 2013-01-10 |
CN102598173A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
TWI470658B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
WO2011014970A2 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
TWI487634B (zh) | 2015-06-11 |
JP2013501489A (ja) | 2013-01-10 |
US20120216379A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
TW201117242A (en) | 2011-05-16 |
WO2011014971A2 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
US20120187906A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
CN102576613B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
EP2462600A2 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
WO2011014970A3 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
JP5704726B2 (ja) | 2015-04-22 |
WO2011014971A8 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
US8863363B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 |
TW201113172A (en) | 2011-04-16 |
US20150059138A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
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