JP5507465B2 - 高エネルギーの留出燃料を作製する方法 - Google Patents
高エネルギーの留出燃料を作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5507465B2 JP5507465B2 JP2010539821A JP2010539821A JP5507465B2 JP 5507465 B2 JP5507465 B2 JP 5507465B2 JP 2010539821 A JP2010539821 A JP 2010539821A JP 2010539821 A JP2010539821 A JP 2010539821A JP 5507465 B2 JP5507465 B2 JP 5507465B2
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- catalyst
- hydrocracking
- product
- aromatic hydrocarbon
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 163
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011959 amorphous silica alumina Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007324 demetalation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003294 NiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 VIB metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940115440 aluminum sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/44—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
- C10G45/46—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/48—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
- C10G45/50—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metal, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
- C10G47/16—Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers
- C10G47/20—Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing other metals or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
- C10G65/043—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a change in the structural skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
- C10G65/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
- C10G65/08—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1048—Middle distillates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1096—Aromatics or polyaromatics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/308—Gravity, density, e.g. API
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/08—Jet fuel
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Description
Marmoの米国特許第4162961号は、水素化プロセスの生成物を分留することができるような条件下で水素化される分解軽油について開示している。
(a)高芳香族炭化水素供給流を、触媒条件下で触媒システムと接触させるステップであって、前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流の大部分は約300°Fから約800°Fの沸点範囲を有し、前記触媒システムは単一段階反応器システムに水素化処理触媒及び水素化/水素化分解触媒を含有し、前記水素化/水素化分解触媒の活性金属は約5〜30重量%のニッケル及び約5〜30重量%のタングステンを含む、ステップ、
を含み、並びに、
(b)前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流の少なくとも一部は、ジェット又はディーゼル沸点範囲内の沸点範囲を有する生成物流に転化される、
方法である。
(a)高芳香族炭化水素供給流を、触媒条件下で触媒システムと接触させるステップであって、前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流の大部分は約300°Fから約800°Fの沸点範囲を有し、前記触媒システムは単一段階反応器システムに、水素化処理触媒及び水素化/水素化分解触媒を含有し、前記水素化/水素化分解触媒の活性金属は約5〜30重量%のニッケル及び約5〜30重量%のタングステンを含む、ステップ、
を含み、並びに、
(b)前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流の少なくとも一部は、ジェット又はディーゼル沸点範囲内の沸点範囲を有する生成物流に転化される、
方法によって調製された、炭化水素系生成物を対象とする。
FCC−は、流動接触分解−剤、−する、又は−したを指す。
ナフサ、ジェット、及びディーゼルを生成する公知の方法について、図1を参照しながら概略的に説明する。図1に示される実施形態では、炭化水素ガスオイル110が、硫黄/窒素を除去するための水素化処理器10に供給される。水素化処理生成物120は高圧分離器20に供給され、そこで反応器流出物を、ガス130と液体流150とに分離する。生成物ガス130は、リサイクルガス圧縮器30によって再度圧縮されることにより流れ140が得られ、次いでこの流れを反応器入口に再循環させ、そこで補給水素100及び炭化水素ガスオイル供給材料110と一緒にする。液体流150を液体レベル制御弁25で減圧し、生成物を、低圧分離器40でガス流160と液体流170とに分離する。
炭化水素ガスオイルは、ジェット又はディーゼルへとアップグレードされ得る。炭化水素ガスオイル供給原料は、FCC軽分解軽油を含めたFCC流出物、ジェット燃料の留出物、炭鉱生成物、石炭液化油、重油熱分解プロセスからの生成物油、重油水素化分解からの生成物油、原油ユニットからの直留カット、及びこれらの混合物から選択され、これら供給原料の大部分は、約250°Fから約800°F、好ましくは約350°Fから約600°Fの沸点範囲を有している。本明細書及び添付される特許請求の範囲で使用される「大部分」という用語は、少なくとも50重量%を意味するものとする。
本発明で用いられる触媒システムは、水素化処理触媒、水素化/水素化分解触媒、及び脱蝋触媒からなる少なくとも2種の触媒層を含む。任意選択で、触媒システムは、少なくとも1層の脱金属化触媒と、少なくとも1層の第2水素化処理触媒とを含んでもよい。水素化処理触媒は、第VIB族からの金属及び第VIII族からの金属、その酸化物、その硫化物、及びこれらの混合物などの水素化成分を含有し、フッ素、少量の結晶質ゼオライト、又は非晶質シリカアルミナなどの酸性成分を含有してもよい。
本発明で用いられる方法は、重質炭化水素供給流を、ジェット及び/又はディーゼル生成物にアップグレードする。本発明の方法の生成物には、高エネルギー密度を有するジェット及びディーゼル燃料が含まれる。典型的には、生成物流は、70重量%以上の芳香族飽和度を有する(即ち、低芳香族含量)。生成物は、120000Btu/gal超、好ましくは125000Btu/gal超のエネルギー密度も有する。ジェット燃料生成物は、20mm超の煙点を有する。ジェット燃料生成物は、−40℃未満の凍結点も有する。好ましくは、凍結点は−50℃未満である。ディーゼル生成物は、少なくとも40のセタン指数を有する。
本発明の一実施形態は、好ましくはジェット及び/又はディーゼル沸点範囲内の沸点範囲を有する高エネルギー留出燃料を作製する方法である。この方法は、本明細書に記述される重質の高芳香族炭化水素系供給材料と、水素化処理触媒及び水素化分解触媒からなる触媒システムとを接触させるステップを含む。反応システムは、本質的に同じ圧力及び再循環ガス流量の下、単一段階反応プロセスとして動作する。反応システムは、2つのセクション、即ち直列に位置付けられた水素化処理セクションと水素化分解セクションとを有する。水素化処理セクションと水素化分解セクションとの間には、触媒を通る流動に起因した圧力降下によって引き起こされた、圧力差がある。圧力差は、約200psi以下である。より好ましくは、圧力差は100psi以下である。最も好ましくは、圧力差は50psi以下である。
本発明の触媒システムは、様々な構成で使用することができる。しかし本発明では、触媒は、単一段階反応システムで使用される。好ましくは、反応システムは、同じ再循環ガスループ及び本質的に同じ圧力で動作する、水素化処理器及び水素化分解反応器を含有する。例えば、高芳香性供給材料は、水素化処理及び水素化分解触媒が入っている高圧反応システムに導入される。供給材料は、再循環させた水素と一緒になって、水素化処理触媒が入っている第1セクションと水素化分解触媒が入っている第2セクションとを含む反応システムに導入される。第1セクションは、水素化処理触媒を含有する少なくとも1つの反応器床を含む。第2セクションは、水素化分解触媒を含有する少なくとも1つの反応器床を含む。両セクションは、同じ圧力で動作する。反応条件下、高芳香性供給材料は、極めて高いレベルにまで飽和され、高飽和生成物が生成される。反応システムからの流出物は、ジェット及びディーゼル範囲内の沸点範囲を有する高度飽和生成物である。反応が生じた後、高エネルギー密度ジェット、高エネルギー密度ディーゼル、ナフサ、及びその他の生成物を分離するために、反応生成物を分離ユニット(即ち、蒸留塔など)に供給する。未反応の生成物は、ジェット又はディーゼル生成が最大限になるようさらに処理するために、反応システムへと再循環させてもよい。
Claims (7)
- 高芳香族炭化水素供給流をアップグレードする方法であって、
(a)高芳香族炭化水素供給流を、触媒条件下で触媒システムと接触させるステップであって、前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流は少なくとも5重量%超の直鎖パラフィン含量を有し、前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流の少なくとも50重量%は300°F(149℃)から600°F(316℃)の沸点範囲を有し、前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流は少なくとも40重量%超の芳香族含量を有し、前記触媒システムは単一段階反応器システムに水素化処理触媒、水素化/水素化分解触媒、及び脱蝋触媒を含有し、前記水素化/水素化分解触媒の活性金属は5〜30重量%のニッケル及び5〜30重量%のタングステンを含み、前記単一段階反応器システムが水素化処理セクション及び水素化分解セクションを含み、前記水素化分解セクションが前記水素化分解触媒及び前記脱蝋触媒を含み、そこで前記脱蝋触媒が前記水素化分解触媒と層状化されているか又は前記脱蝋触媒が前記水素化分解触媒とブレンドされている、ステップ、
を含み、並びに、
(b)前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流の少なくとも一部は、ジェット又はディーゼル沸点範囲内の沸点範囲を有する生成物流に転化される、
方法。 - 前記水素化/水素化分解触媒の活性金属が5〜30重量%のニッケル及び5〜30重量%のタングステンから本質的になる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化分解セクションが30重量%以下の前記脱蝋触媒を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化分解セクションが少なくとも1つの反応器床を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記生成物流がディーゼル生成物、ジェット燃料生成物、ナフサ生成物、及びより高い沸点留分に分離される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記生成物流が125000Btu/gal超の正味の燃焼熱を有する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記高芳香族炭化水素供給流は80重量%までの芳香族、3重量%までの硫黄、及び1重量%まで窒素を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
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MX2010006764A (es) | 2010-10-15 |
KR20100107474A (ko) | 2010-10-05 |
WO2009085993A3 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
CA2709070A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
US20090159489A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
CA2709070C (en) | 2019-06-04 |
US9127217B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 |
EP2234715A2 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
KR101595350B1 (ko) | 2016-02-19 |
WO2009085993A2 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
JP2011508023A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
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