JP5489111B2 - 軸受部品、転がり軸受および軸受部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
軸受部品、転がり軸受および軸受部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5489111B2 JP5489111B2 JP2009073675A JP2009073675A JP5489111B2 JP 5489111 B2 JP5489111 B2 JP 5489111B2 JP 2009073675 A JP2009073675 A JP 2009073675A JP 2009073675 A JP2009073675 A JP 2009073675A JP 5489111 B2 JP5489111 B2 JP 5489111B2
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 84
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 220
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 110
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynechromium Chemical group [Cr]#[C] FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
- F16C13/02—Bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
- F16C23/06—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C23/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
- F16C23/082—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface
- F16C23/084—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface sliding on a complementary spherical surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
- F16C23/06—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C23/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
- F16C23/082—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface
- F16C23/086—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface forming a track for rolling elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/62—Selection of substances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
Description
ここで、h0は油膜厚さ、α1およびα2はそれぞれ軌道面および転動体の表面粗さRMSである。
ここで、Wは荷重、Lは摩擦距離、Hは硬度、Kは定数である。つまり、摩耗量は、硬度に反比例する。しかし、焼入硬化された鋼からなる軸受部品の硬度を、更に2倍、3倍と上げることは困難である。そのため、軸受部品を高硬度化することにより、耐摩耗性を2倍、3倍と大きく向上させることは難しい。
ここで、Nとは、鋼中に固溶する窒素を意味する。つまり、式(3)は、炉内の雰囲気中にNH3ガスが存在しなければ鋼中への窒素の固溶が進行しないことを示している。
炭素が0.15質量%未満では、芯部の硬度が低く強度不足となるおそれがある。また、浸炭に要する時間が長くなる。一方、炭素が0.3質量%を超えると、破壊靭性値が不十分となる。したがって、炭素は0.15質量%以上0.3質量%以下とする必要がある。
珪素が0.15質量%未満では、十分な焼戻軟化抵抗性を確保できなくなるおそれがある。一方、珪素が0.7質量%を超えると、浸炭性が悪くなるおそれがある。したがって、珪素は0.15質量%以上0.7質量%以下とする必要がある。
マンガンが0.15質量%未満では、焼入性が不足するおそれがある。一方、マンガンが1.0質量%を超えると、MnS(硫化マンガン)などの非金属介在物を多く生成するおそれがある。したがって、マンガンは0.15質量%以上1.0質量%以下とする必要がある。
クロムを0.4質量%以上添加することにより、軸受部品の表面における窒素濃度を高くすることが容易となる。この効果を一層顕著なものとするためには、クロムを0.8質量%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、クロムが2.0質量%を超えると素材のコストが高くなるだけでなく、鋼に侵入した窒素と結合して窒化物を形成することにより窒素の侵入深さを小さくするおそれがある。そのため、本発明の軸受部品を構成する鋼には、0.4質量%以上2.0質量%以下のクロムを添加してもよい。
モリブデンを0.15質量%以上添加することにより、軸受部品の表面における窒素濃度を高くすることが容易となる。一方、モリブデンが0.5質量%を超えると素材のコストが高くなる。そのため、本発明の軸受部品を構成する鋼には、0.15質量%以上0.5質量%以下のモリブデンを添加してもよい。
ニッケルを1.0質量%以上添加することにより、より焼入性が良くなる。一方、ニッケルが2.0質量%を超えると素材コストが高くなる。そのため、本発明の軸受部品を構成する鋼には、1.0質量%以上2.0質量%以下のニッケルを添加してもよい。
バナジウムを0.1質量%以上添加することにより、軸受部品の表面における窒素濃度を高くすることが容易となる。一方、バナジウムが1.0質量%を超えると素材のコストが高くなるだけでなく、鋼に侵入した窒素と結合して窒化物を形成することにより窒素の侵入深さを小さくするおそれがある。そのため、本発明の軸受部品を構成する鋼には、0.1質量%以上1.0質量%以下のバナジウムを添加してもよい。
Claims (10)
- 0.15質量%以上0.3質量%以下の炭素と、0.15質量%以上0.7質量%以下の珪素と、0.15質量%以上1.0質量%以下のマンガンとを含有し、残部鉄および不純物からなる鋼から構成され、
表面を含む領域には、
他の領域に比べて炭素濃度が高い炭素富化層と、
他の領域に比べて窒素濃度が高く、前記炭素富化層に重なる窒素富化層とが形成され、
前記窒素富化層に含まれる前記表面における窒素濃度は0.3質量%以上であり、
前記表面における窒素濃度は、前記表面からの深さが50μm以内の領域において、母材中に固溶している窒素濃度の平均値である、軸受部品。 - 0.15質量%以上0.3質量%以下の炭素と、0.15質量%以上0.7質量%以下の珪素と、0.15質量%以上1.0質量%以下のマンガンとを含有し、さらに0.4質量%以上2.0質量%以下のクロム、0.15質量%以上0.5質量%以下のモリブデン、1.0質量%以上2.0質量%以下のニッケルおよび0.1質量%以上1.0質量%以下のバナジウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種以上の元素を含み、残部鉄および不純物からなる鋼から構成され、
表面を含む領域には、
他の領域に比べて炭素濃度が高い炭素富化層と、
他の領域に比べて窒素濃度が高く、前記炭素富化層に重なる窒素富化層とが形成され、
前記窒素富化層に含まれる前記表面における窒素濃度は0.3質量%以上であり、
前記表面における窒素濃度は、前記表面からの深さが50μm以内の領域において、母材中に固溶している窒素濃度の平均値である、軸受部品。 - 前記鋼は、JIS規格SCr420、SCM420またはSNCM420からなる群から選択されるいずれか1種である、請求項2に記載の軸受部品。
- 前記炭素富化層に含まれる前記表面における炭素濃度は0.6質量%以上1.2質量%以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の軸受部品。
- 軌道部材と、
前記軌道部材に接触し、円環状の軌道上に配置される複数の転動体とを備え、
前記軌道部材および前記転動体の少なくともいずれか一方は、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の軸受部品である、転がり軸受。 - 自動調心ころ軸受である、請求項5に記載の転がり軸受。
- 連続鋳造される鋳造物をガイドするための連続鋳造ロールを、前記連続鋳造ロールを支持する部材に対して回転自在に支持する、請求項5または6に記載の転がり軸受。
- 0.15質量%以上0.3質量%以下の炭素と、0.15質量%以上0.7質量%以下の珪素と、0.15質量%以上1.0質量%以下のマンガンとを含有し、残部鉄および不純物からなる鋼から構成され、成形加工された成形部材を準備する工程と、
前記成形部材を一酸化炭素およびアンモニアを含む雰囲気中において加熱することにより、前記成形部材を浸炭窒化処理する工程とを備え、
前記成形部材を浸炭窒化処理する工程では、未分解アンモニア濃度が0.2体積%以上となるように前記雰囲気が調整された状態で、前記成形部材が920℃以上960℃以下の温度域に加熱される、軸受部品の製造方法。 - 0.15質量%以上0.3質量%以下の炭素と、0.15質量%以上0.7質量%以下の珪素と、0.15質量%以上1.0質量%以下のマンガンとを含有し、さらに0.4質量%以上2.0質量%以下のクロム、0.15質量%以上0.5質量%以下のモリブデン、1.0質量%以上2.0質量%以下のニッケルおよび0.1質量%以上1.0質量%以下のバナジウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種以上の元素を含み、残部鉄および不純物からなる鋼から構成され、成形加工された成形部材を準備する工程と、
前記成形部材を一酸化炭素およびアンモニアを含む雰囲気中において加熱することにより、前記成形部材を浸炭窒化処理する工程とを備え、
前記成形部材を浸炭窒化処理する工程では、未分解アンモニア濃度が0.2体積%以上となるように前記雰囲気が調整された状態で、前記成形部材が920℃以上960℃以下の温度域に加熱される、軸受部品の製造方法。 - 前記鋼は、JIS規格SCr420、SCM420またはSNCM420からなる群から選択されるいずれか1種である、請求項9に記載の軸受部品の製造方法。
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