JP5258910B2 - 脱硫物質の調製 - Google Patents
脱硫物質の調製 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5258910B2 JP5258910B2 JP2010550266A JP2010550266A JP5258910B2 JP 5258910 B2 JP5258910 B2 JP 5258910B2 JP 2010550266 A JP2010550266 A JP 2010550266A JP 2010550266 A JP2010550266 A JP 2010550266A JP 5258910 B2 JP5258910 B2 JP 5258910B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- salt
- range
- composition
- dried
- impregnated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 dough Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CETBSQOFQKLHHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl disulfide Chemical compound CCSSCC CETBSQOFQKLHHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-adamantyl)-3-aminothiourea Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(NC(=S)NN)C3 XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNDZQQSKSQTQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)CCC1 XNDZQQSKSQTQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonoperoxoic acid Chemical class OOC(O)=O MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFHQFPXTVRAZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfane;zinc Chemical compound S.[Zn] WFHQFPXTVRAZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/007—Mixed salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8609—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/80—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/78—Compounds containing aluminium and two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen and hydrogen
- C01F7/784—Layered double hydroxide, e.g. comprising nitrate, sulfate or carbonate ions as intercalating anions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
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Description
(i)亜鉛/アルミニウムハイドロタルサイト組成物を形成する工程、および
(ii)その組成物を焼成して酸化亜鉛/アルミナ物質を形成する工程、
を含む脱硫物質の調製のための方法であって、1種類もしくは複数種類のニッケル化合物がハイドロタルサイト形成工程に含まれ、ならびに/または、1種類もしくは複数種類のニッケル化合物がハイドロタルサイト組成物上および/もしくは焼成した酸化亜鉛/アルミナ物質上に含浸され、その結果として生じる組成物が乾燥され、回収される方法を提供する。
(i)Zn:Alのモル比が9:1〜1:1の範囲であるZnの塩およびAlの塩の水溶液を作製すること、
(ii)沈殿物が形成されるようこの溶液をアルカリ性の沈殿剤で処理すること、
(iii)その沈殿物を10〜100℃の範囲の温度で熟成させること、ならびに
(iv)この熟成した物質を回収すること、
を含む工程によって調製される。
混合金属を含有する第一溶液は、79.0gの硝酸亜鉛六水和物および24.9gの硝酸アルミニウム九水和物を228mlの脱イオン水に溶解することによって調製した。塩基性の第二溶液は、37.6gの硝酸ナトリウムおよび20.6gの水酸化ナトリウムを274mlの脱イオン水に溶解することによって調製した。次いで、これらの溶液を、室温で、シリンジ・ポンプを用いて2mL/分の速度で、激しく撹拌しながら混合した。最終pHは5.7であった。その結果として生じたゲルをポリプロピレンボトルに移し、60℃で18時間、オーブンで加熱した。最後に、その結果生じた固体を濾過し、脱イオン水で洗浄し、60℃で一晩、オーブン乾燥させた。ハイドロタルサイト構造が得られたことを確認するために、粉末X線回折を行った(図1)。
最終生成物中に3重量%のNiを得るために必要な量の硝酸ニッケル六水和物を混合金属溶液に加えた以外は、実施例1に概説した手順を繰り返した。焼成後、結果として生じた粉末をペレタイズし、次いで粉砕し、篩にかけ、0.2〜0.6mmの粒径範囲を得た。
最終生成物中に(金属として)3重量%のNiおよび3重量%のCuを得るために必要な量の硝酸ニッケル六水和物および硝酸銅五/二水和物を混合金属溶液に加えた以外は、実施例1に概説した手順を繰り返した。焼成後、結果として生じた粉末をペレタイズし、次いで粉砕し、篩にかけ、0.2〜0.6mmの粒径範囲を得た。
実施例1に概説した手順を繰り返してZnO−Al2O3混合酸化物担体を生成した。しかしながら、この場合、初期ハイドロタルサイト焼成温度は400℃であった。
実施例1に概説した手順を繰り返してZnO−Al2O3混合酸化物担体を生成した。
この場合には、初期混合金属溶液に硝酸マグネシウムも加えた以外は、上記同様、実施例1に概説した手順を再び繰り返した。この場合に形成されるハイドロタルサイト中間体を、MgO−ZnO−Al2O3混合酸化物担体を生成するために、500℃で焼成した。焼成後のMgレベルは5重量%であった。焼成後の固体のBET表面積は48m2/gであった。
実施例4に概説した手順を繰り返して、(金属として)3重量%のNiおよび3重量%のCuを含むZnO−Al2O3混合酸化物担体を生成した。
Claims (19)
- 脱硫物質の調製のための方法であって、該方法は、
(i)亜鉛/アルミニウムハイドロタルサイト組成物を形成する工程、および
(ii)前記組成物を焼成して酸化亜鉛/アルミナ物質を形成する工程、
を含み、ここで、
1種類もしくは複数種類のニッケル化合物が前記ハイドロタルサイト形成工程に含まれ、ならびに/または、1種類もしくは複数種類のニッケル化合物が前記ハイドロタルサイト組成物上および/もしくは前記焼成した酸化亜鉛/アルミナ物質上に含浸され、その結果として生じる組成物が乾燥され、回収され、かつ
前記亜鉛/アルミニウムハイドロタルサイト組成物が、
(i)Zn:Alのモル比が9:1〜1:1の範囲であるZnの塩およびAlの塩の水溶液を作成すること、
(ii)沈殿物が形成されるよう前記溶液を、ナトリウムもしくはカリウムの水酸化物、炭酸塩または炭酸水素塩、またはこれらの混合物から選択されるアルカリ性の沈殿剤であって、硝酸ナトリウムまたは硝酸カリウムを含むアルカリ性の沈殿剤で処理すること、
(iii)前記沈殿物を10〜100℃の範囲の温度で熟成させること、及び
(iv)前記熟成した物質を回収すること、
を含む工程によって調製される、
方法。 - 前記Znの塩およびAlの塩が、塩化物、硝酸塩、硫酸塩、シュウ酸塩および酢酸塩から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記Znの塩およびAlの塩がいずれも硝酸塩である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- Znの塩およびAlの塩の水溶液を、アルカリ性の沈殿剤と硝酸ナトリウムまたは硝酸カリウムとの水溶液と混合する、請求項1〜3に記載の方法。
- pH5〜14の範囲で前記沈殿を行う、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記熟成工程を0.5〜48時間継続する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記沈殿物を40〜80℃の範囲の温度で熟成させる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- マグネシウム化合物を、Mg含有量が0.5〜10重量%の範囲である脱硫物質を生成するのに十分な量で、前記Znの塩およびAlの塩の水溶液と混合する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ニッケル化合物を、Ni含有量が0.2〜10重量%の範囲である脱硫物質を生成するのに十分な量で、前記Znの塩およびAlの塩の水溶液と混合する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 銅化合物を、Cu含有量が0.2〜10重量%の範囲である脱硫物質を生成するのに十分な量で、前記Znの塩およびAlの塩の水溶液と混合する、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 1種類または複数種類の銅化合物を、Cu含有量が0.2〜10重量%の範囲である脱硫物質を生成するのに十分な量で、前記ハイドロタルサイト組成物上に含浸する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 1種類または複数種類のニッケル化合物を、Ni含有量が0.2〜10重量%の範囲である脱硫物質を生成するのに十分な量で、前記ハイドロタルサイト組成物上に含浸する、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記焼成した物質を、回収し乾燥させ含浸した酸化亜鉛/アルミナ組成物のCu含有量が0.2〜10重量%の範囲となるように、1種類または複数種類の可溶性の銅化合物の水溶液で含浸し、乾燥させる、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記焼成した物質を、回収し乾燥させ含浸した酸化亜鉛/アルミナ組成物のNi含有量が0.2〜10重量%の範囲となるように、1種類または複数種類の可溶性のニッケル化合物の水溶液で含浸し、乾燥させる、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記Zn−Alハイドロタルサイト組成物の焼成または前記含浸し乾燥させた組成物の焼成を、200〜750℃の範囲の温度で行う、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記回収した酸化亜鉛/アルミナ組成物を、1種類または複数種類のニッケル化合物および/または銅化合物の水溶液での、1つまたは複数のさらなる含浸工程に供し、乾燥させる、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記回収した酸化亜鉛/アルミナ組成物を、Na、LiおよびKからなる群より選択される1種類または複数種類の促進剤金属の促進剤化合物水溶液での、1つまたは複数のさらなる含浸工程に供し、乾燥させる、請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか1項の方法によって得ることのできる脱硫物質。
- プロセス流体の脱硫のための方法であって、前記プロセス流体を水素の存在下で、請求項18に記載の脱硫物質または請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法に従って調製した脱硫物質と接触させることを含む方法。
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EA018844B1 (ru) | 2013-11-29 |
GB0804572D0 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
EA201071064A1 (ru) | 2011-02-28 |
JP2011513062A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
EP2252394A1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
US20110014103A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
ZA201006386B (en) | 2011-05-25 |
WO2009112856A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
CN101970105A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
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