JP5251982B2 - インターコネクタ用材料、セル間分離構造体および固体電解質形燃料電池 - Google Patents
インターコネクタ用材料、セル間分離構造体および固体電解質形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5251982B2 JP5251982B2 JP2010520741A JP2010520741A JP5251982B2 JP 5251982 B2 JP5251982 B2 JP 5251982B2 JP 2010520741 A JP2010520741 A JP 2010520741A JP 2010520741 A JP2010520741 A JP 2010520741A JP 5251982 B2 JP5251982 B2 JP 5251982B2
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- fuel cell
- solid electrolyte
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 155
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 103
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- BQENXCOZCUHKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [La+3].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O.[O-][Mn]([O-])=O.[O-][Mn]([O-])=O Chemical compound [La+3].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O.[O-][Mn]([O-])=O.[O-][Mn]([O-])=O BQENXCOZCUHKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910002080 8 mol% Y2O3 fully stabilized ZrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017563 LaCrO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
組成式La(Fe1−xAlx)O3におけるモル比であるxの値が表1に示される値になるように、試料番号1〜9の各試料の出発材料として、酸化ランタン(La2O3)、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)を化学量論に従い秤量し、水を添加してジルコニアボールで粉砕して混合した後、この混合粉を乾燥させて、温度1100℃で仮焼を行った。得られた仮焼粉に有機溶剤とブチラール系バインダーを添加して混合することによってスラリーを作製した。このスラリーからドクターブレード法でシートを成形した。得られたグリーンシートに脱バインダー処理を施した後、グリーンシートを温度1300℃と1400℃で保持することにより、本焼結を行った。得られた各試料を用いて以下に示す評価を行った。
(1)X線回折
各試料の仮焼後と本焼結後において、粉末X線回折分析(XRD、CuKα線)を行うことにより、生成相の確認を行った。焼結後、すべての試料においてペロブスカイト構造の単相であることが確認された。
本焼結後の各試料の密度をアルキメデス法で測定した。各試料において温度1300℃と1400℃で焼結した後の相対密度が92%以上であるか否かによって焼結性を評価した。表1において、温度1300℃または温度1400℃で焼結した後の相対密度が92%以上であることを「焼結性(1300℃)」または「焼結性(1400℃)」の欄にて○印で示し、相対密度が92%未満であれば×印で示す。
本焼結後の各試料について、酸化雰囲気(温度900℃の大気中)と還元雰囲気(約4%の水蒸気を含む水素ガス中)の導電率、温度1000℃の酸化雰囲気と還元雰囲気の導電率を交流四端子測定法により測定した。xが大きいほど導電率は小さかった。平板状の固体電解質形燃料電池セルで、0.3A/cm2の電流密度で発電時、試料の厚みが40μmのとき、オーム損を50mV以下にするためには、導電率が0.025Scm−1以上必要である。燃料電池セルにおける絶縁性の支持構造体にインターコネクタとして介在させる場合には、インターコネクタが占有する割合が体積比で50%以下であるとすると、導電率が上記の2倍の0.05Scm−1以上必要である。このことを考慮して、表1では、導電率が0.05Scm−1以上のものを◎印、0.025Scm−1以上0.05Scm−1未満のものを○印、0.025Scm−1未満のものを×印で示す。
温度900℃と温度1000℃の還元雰囲気中で、各試料を61時間、アニールし、ペロブスカイト構造の単相が分解するかどうかについて粉末X線回折分析で調べた。試料番号1の試料(x=0)においては、還元雰囲気中でペロブスカイト構造の単相がLa2O3(またはLa(OH)3)と金属Feに分解した。試料番号2の試料(x=0.05)においては、900℃の還元雰囲気中ではペロブスカイト構造の単相は安定であったが、1000℃の還元雰囲気中ではペロブスカイト構造の単相が分解し、La2O3と金属Feの生成が見られた。試料番号3〜9の試料(x≧0.1)においては、ペロブスカイト構造の単相は900℃と1000℃の還元雰囲気中で安定であり、La2O3と金属Feの生成がなかった。ペロブスカイト構造の単相の分解が温度900℃または温度1000℃の還元雰囲気中で生じなかった試料を○印で、温度900℃または温度1000℃の還元雰囲気中で生じた試料を×印で表1に示す。
添加量3モル%のY2O3で安定化されたジルコニア(ZrO2)(イットリア安定化ジルコニア:YSZ)と各試料の原材料とを混合した後、温度1300℃で焼結した。粉末X線回折分析(XRD、CuKα線)を行うことにより、生成相の確認を行った。いずれの試料においてもジルコニアとの反応はなかった。表1において○印はジルコニアとの反応がなかったことを示す。図1は、試料番号3の試料(x=0.1)においてXRDによって得られた各相のピーク強度の一例を示す。図1において、Pはペロブスカイト相のピーク、Zはジルコニア相のピークを示す。
0.05≦x≦0.5の範囲内にある組成の試料番号2〜8の試料について、直径が30mm、厚みが10mmのディスク状にグリーンシートを加工した。これらのグリーンシートを焼結した後、焼結体の両面に白金電極を形成した。温度900℃に保持された状態の焼結体の一方の表面に、燃料ガスの酸素分圧に相当する酸素分圧を有する温度30℃の加湿水素ガス(約4%の水蒸気を含む水素ガス)を、焼結体の他方の表面に空気を噴きつけて、水素濃淡電池として起電力を測定した。酸素イオン伝導があれば最大で理論値1.04Vの電圧が生じるが、評価したすべての試料で2mV程度の起電力が生じた。この結果、全導電率の0.2%がイオン伝導に相当するものと見積もられる。この程度のイオン伝導は、電子伝導に比べて非常に小さく無視できるものである。表1では、イオン伝導性がほとんどないことを○印で示す。
組成式A1−xBxTi1−yCyO3(ただし、AはSr、BはLaまたはY、CはNbまたはTa、xとyはモル比を示し、0≦x≦0.5、0≦y≦0.5を満足する)におけるモル比であるxの値とyの値を上記の範囲内で所定の値に設定して目的となる組成となるように、試料の出発材料として、酸化ランタン(La2O3)、酸化イットリウム(Y2O3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)、酸化タンタル(Ta2O5)を化学量論に従い秤量し、水を添加してジルコニアボールで粉砕して混合した後、この混合粉を乾燥させて、温度1100℃で仮焼を行った。試料に気孔を形成するために、得られた仮焼粉にカーボンを0〜20重量%添加するとともに、有機溶剤とブチラール系バインダーとを添加して混合することによってスラリーを作製した。このスラリーからドクターブレード法でシートを成形した。得られたグリーンシートに脱バインダー処理を施した後、グリーンシートを温度1300℃で保持することにより、本焼結を行った。得られた試料を用いて以下に示す評価を行った。
(1)X線回折
試料の仮焼後と本焼結後において、粉末X線回折分析(XRD、CuKα線)を行うことにより、生成相の確認を行った。焼結後、すべての組成においてペロブスカイト構造の単相であることが確認された。
以下の各部材の材料粉末に、ポリブチラール系バインダーと、有機溶媒としてエタノールとトルエンとの混合物とを混合することによってスラリーを作製した。このスラリーから、ドクターブレード法で、インターコネクタと中間層と燃料極層と空気極層のグリーンシートを成形した。
中間層の試料に種々の気孔率で気孔を形成するために、中間層の材料粉末として、SrTiO3の出発材料の仮焼粉にカーボンを0〜20重量%の範囲内で添加するとともに、有機溶剤とブチラール系バインダーとを添加して混合することによってスラリーを作製した。そして、上記と同様にして、積層体焼結試料(試料番号14〜17)を作製し、電気抵抗値を測定した。なお、中間層の焼結後の厚みは50μmとなるようにした。気孔率はアルキメデス法で測定した。
SrTiO3においてSrとTiの一部を置換した材料からなる中間層の試料を作製するために、中間層の材料粉末として、Sr1−xBxTi1−yCyO3(BはLaまたはY、CはNbまたTa、x=0.2、y=0.2)の出発材料の仮焼粉に、有機溶剤とブチラール系バインダーとを添加して混合することによってスラリーを作製した。そして、上記と同様にして、積層体焼結試料(試料番号18〜21)を作製し、電気抵抗値を測定した。なお、中間層の材料粉末である仮焼粉にはカーボンを添加しなかったので、中間層の開気孔率は0%であった。また、中間層の焼結後の厚みは50μmとなるようにした。
次に、インターコネクタ用材料として表1の試料番号5に示す組成(x=0.2)のセラミック組成物を用いて、平板状固体電解質形燃料電池の試料を作製し、発電試験を行った。
Claims (11)
- 固体電解質形燃料電池において、各々が順に積み重ねられたアノード層、固体電解質層およびカソード層から構成される複数のセルの間に配置され、複数のセルを相互に電気的に直列に接続するインターコネクタの材料であって、
組成式La(Fe1-xAlx)O3(ただし、xはモル比を示し、0<x<0.5を満足する)で表わされるセラミック組成物を主成分とする、インターコネクタ用材料。 - 組成式La(Fe1-xAlx)O3(ただし、xはモル比を示し、0.1≦x≦0.3を満足する)で表わされるセラミック組成物を主成分とする、請求項1に記載のインターコネクタ用材料。
- 固体電解質形燃料電池において、各々が順に積み重ねられたアノード層、固体電解質層およびカソード層から構成される複数のセルの間に配置されるセル間分離構造体であって、
前記セル間分離構造体は、前記複数のセルの各々に供給されるアノードガスとカソードガスとを分離する電気絶縁体と、前記電気絶縁体内に形成され、かつ、前記複数のセルのアノード層とカソード層を相互に電気的に接続する電気導電体とからなり、前記電気絶縁体と前記電気導電体とが共焼結によって形成され、
前記電気導電体が、請求項1または請求項2に記載のインターコネクタ用材料から形成されている、セル間分離構造体。 - 固体電解質形燃料電池において、各々が順に積み重ねられたアノード層、固体電解質層およびカソード層から構成される複数のセルの間に配置されるセル間分離構造体であって、
前記セル間分離構造体は、前記複数のセルの各々に供給されるアノードガスとカソードガスとを分離する電気絶縁体と、前記電気絶縁体内に形成され、かつ、前記複数のセルのアノード層とカソード層を相互に電気的に接続する電気導電体とからなり、前記電気絶縁体と前記電気導電体とが共焼結によって形成され、
前記電気導電体の一部が、請求項1または請求項2に記載のインターコネクタ用材料から形成されている、セル間分離構造体。 - 各々が順に積み重ねられたアノード層、固体電解質層およびカソード層から構成される複数のセルと、
複数のセルの間に配置される、請求項3または請求項4に記載のセル間分離構造体とを備えた、固体電解質形燃料電池。 - 各々が順に積み重ねられたアノード層、固体電解質層およびカソード層から構成される複数のセルと、
複数のセルの間に配置される、請求項1または請求項2に記載のインターコネクタ用材料から形成された導電体層とを備える、固体電解質形燃料電池。 - 前記アノード層がニッケルを含み、前記導電体層と前記アノード層との間に中間層が形成され、前記中間層が、ストロンチウム、カルシウムおよびバリウムからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素を含むチタン系ペロブスカイト酸化物からなる、請求項6に記載の固体電解質形燃料電池。
- 前記複数のセルのアノード層、固体電解質層およびカソード層と前記導電体層と前記中間層とが共焼結によって形成されている、請求項7に記載の固体電解質形燃料電池。
- 前記中間層は気孔を有する、請求項7または請求項8に記載の固体電解質形燃料電池。
- 前記チタン系ペロブスカイト酸化物は、A1-xBxTi1-yCyO3(ただし、AはSr、CaおよびBaからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種、Bは希土類元素、CはNbまたはTa、xとyはモル比を示し、0≦x≦0.5、0≦y≦0.5を満足する)で表わされるペロブスカイト酸化物である、請求項7から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載の固体電解質形燃料電池。
- 前記Bは、LaまたはYである、請求項10に記載の固体電解質形燃料電池。
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KR101053227B1 (ko) * | 2009-04-20 | 2011-08-01 | 주식회사 포스비 | 평관형 구조체를 이용한 고체산화물 연료전지용 스택 |
WO2011138915A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | 株式会社 村田製作所 | 高温構造材料、固体電解質形燃料電池用構造体および固体電解質形燃料電池 |
JP4955830B1 (ja) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-06-20 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
WO2012133175A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 燃料電池 |
CN103477484B (zh) | 2011-03-31 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社村田制作所 | 燃料电池 |
WO2013012009A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用電気的接続材、固体酸化物形燃料電池、固体酸化物形燃料電池モジュール及び固体酸化物形燃料電池の製造方法 |
WO2013012058A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-24 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用電気的接続材、固体酸化物形燃料電池用接合材および固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
JP5748593B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-26 | 2015-07-15 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 電気化学セル |
FR2983356B1 (fr) * | 2011-11-24 | 2014-01-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d'une batterie tout solide |
US20160112684A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-04-21 | Medibotics Llc | Spectroscopic Finger Ring for Compositional Analysis of Food or Other Environmental Objects |
JP6046959B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-05 | 2016-12-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 酸素透過膜 |
JP6024930B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-11-16 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 固体電解質形燃料電池 |
WO2015025649A1 (ja) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-02-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 固体電解質形燃料電池 |
JP6086154B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-30 | 2017-03-01 | 株式会社村田製作所 | セパレータ及び燃料電池 |
CN105177387B (zh) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-03-15 | 江苏师范大学 | 一种3D芯片堆叠的含Eu、纳米Au的互连材料 |
JPWO2017199448A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-03-22 | FCO Power株式会社 | インターコネクト構造及び固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
JP6541727B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-24 | 2019-07-10 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 接合方法 |
DE102021107865A1 (de) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Bauteile aus einem keramischen Werkstoffverbund und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
CN114225895B (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | 一种La-Fe-Al复合金属氧化物、制备方法及用途 |
CN117205930B (zh) * | 2023-07-27 | 2024-07-19 | 南开大学 | 铁掺杂的钙钛矿及其制备方法和在pvc塑料级联解聚中的应用 |
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- 2009-06-08 KR KR1020107028134A patent/KR101175599B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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EP2306568B1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
US8841043B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
KR20110025758A (ko) | 2011-03-11 |
US20110143250A1 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
US9941524B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 |
JPWO2010007722A1 (ja) | 2012-01-05 |
EP2306568A4 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
WO2010007722A1 (ja) | 2010-01-21 |
CN104201410B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
CN104201410A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
KR101175599B1 (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
CN102089912A (zh) | 2011-06-08 |
US20150030958A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
EP2306568A1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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