JP4514420B2 - 固体型色素増感太陽電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
固体型色素増感太陽電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4514420B2 JP4514420B2 JP2003297173A JP2003297173A JP4514420B2 JP 4514420 B2 JP4514420 B2 JP 4514420B2 JP 2003297173 A JP2003297173 A JP 2003297173A JP 2003297173 A JP2003297173 A JP 2003297173A JP 4514420 B2 JP4514420 B2 JP 4514420B2
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- dye
- electrolyte
- natural polymer
- aqueous solution
- solar cell
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Description
固体化の方法として、レドックス系電解質を含む有機媒体、モノマーやプレポリマー及び重合開始剤を共存させて、半導体の多孔質膜中に注入した後に重合させ、(または、光照射により色素の光励起で生じた正孔によりピロール等のモノマーを細孔内で光重合させ)、細孔内で高分子固体電解質としたり(特許文献2)、あるいは、電解液を化学的ゲル化剤により加熱ゲル化したりする方法が提案されている(非特許文献1)。
〔1〕
基板上に形成された酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に色素を吸着せしめて、色素増感半導体電極を形成し、これに電解質を溶解した有機媒体を接触させる構成を有する色素増感太陽電池において、当該電解質溶解有機媒体が、天然高分子またはその誘導体により固体化されている固体型色素増感太陽電池。
前記有機媒体が極性有機溶媒である上記〔1〕に記載の太陽電池。
前記電解質がレドックス系電解質である上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の太陽電池。
〔1〕
基板上に形成された酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に色素を吸着せしめて、色素増感半導体電極を形成し、これに電解質を溶解した有機媒体を接触させる構成を有する色素増感太陽電池であり、当該電解質溶解有機媒体が、天然高分子またはその誘導体により固体化されている固体型色素増感太陽電池の製造方法であって、
(1)天然高分子またはその誘導体を水系溶媒に加熱下に溶解しその水系溶液とする工程、
(2)当該天然高分子またはその誘導体の水系溶液を、色素増感半導体電極に接触させ、その酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に当該水溶液を浸透させる工程、
(3)当該水溶液を冷却して固体化する工程、及び、
(4)当該半導体電極に、電解質を溶解した有機媒体を接触させ、固体化した天然高分子またはその誘導体中の水系溶媒を、当該有機媒体で置換する工程からなることを特徴とする固体型色素増感太陽電池の製造方法。
本発明における色素増感半導体電極は、基板上に形成された酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に色素を吸着せしめて構成される。
多孔質膜が形成される基板としては、公知のガラス基板、透明プラスチック基板等の透明基板上に、例えばITO(インジウム・スズ酸化物)やFTO(フッ素ドープした酸化スズ)等の透明電極を形成したもの(透明導電性ガラス基板、透明導電性プラスチック基板等)が好適に用いられる。
本発明において増感剤として使用する色素とは、少なくとも可視光領域に吸収を有し、吸収光により励起されて、正孔を形成し、電子を半導体薄膜に供給しうるものであれば、特に限定するものではなく、例えば、金属錯体や有機色素を好適に用いることができる。
本発明においては、色素増感半導体電極に接触する電解質溶解有機媒体が、天然高分子またはその誘導体により固体化されていることを特徴とする。
この固体化は、例えば次の工程に従って行われる。
まず、天然高分子またはその誘導体を、多量の水系溶媒に加熱下に溶解しその水系溶液とする。
かくして得られた天然高分子等の水系溶液を、加熱または加温状態にあるうちに、色素増感半導体電極に接触させ、その酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に当該水溶液を浸透させる。
次に、酸化物半導体の多孔質膜の当該多孔質の空隙が当該水系溶液で浸透、充填された状態で、冷却し、当該水系溶液を固体化する。
以上のごとくして、酸化物半導体の多孔質薄膜に浸透した天然高分子等を冷却、固体化させた後、当該半導体電極に、電解質溶解有機媒体(有機電解液)を接触させることにより、当該固体化した天然高分子等中に保持されている多量の水系溶媒を、当該有機媒体(及び溶解している電解質)で置換する。
以上のごとくして調整した電解質を溶解した有機媒体を、当該半導体電極に接触させることにより、当該固体化した天然高分子等中に保持されている多量の水系溶媒を、当該有機媒体(及び溶解している電解質)で置換する。
実施例1において、カラジーナン水溶液を用いずに、ITO/酸化チタン薄膜/吸着色素電極と白金板対極の間に、0.3Mのテトラプロピルアンモニウムヨウ化物及び0.05Mのヨウ素を含む極性溶媒であるアセトニトリルと、同様に極性有機溶媒である3−メチル−2−オキサゾリジノンの混合溶液(容積比1:1)を挟んで電池を構成したほか実施例1と同様の試験を行った。
Claims (2)
- 基板上に形成された酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に色素を吸着せしめて、色素増感半導体電極を形成し、これに電解質を溶解した有機媒体を接触させる構成を有する色素増感太陽電池であり、当該電解質溶解有機媒体が、天然高分子またはその誘導体により固体化されている固体型色素増感太陽電池の製造方法であって、
(1)天然高分子またはその誘導体を水系溶媒に加熱下に溶解しその水系溶液とする工程、
(2)当該天然高分子またはその誘導体の水系溶液を、色素増感半導体電極に接触させ、その酸化物半導体の多孔質膜に当該水溶液を浸透させる工程、
(3)当該水溶液を冷却して固体化する工程、及び、
(4)当該半導体電極に、電解質を溶解した有機媒体を接触させ、固体化した天然高分子またはその誘導体中の水系溶媒を、当該有機媒体で置換する工程からなることを特徴とする固体型色素増感太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記天然高分子またはその誘導体の水系溶媒への加熱溶解をマイクロ波照射下に行う、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
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JP4562467B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-10 | 2010-10-13 | ペクセル・テクノロジーズ株式会社 | 半導体ナノ粒子を含む粘性分散液 |
JP2007027625A (ja) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-01 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 有機太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
WO2010050575A1 (ja) | 2008-10-29 | 2010-05-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 色素、これを用いた光電変換素子、光電気化学電池、および色素の製造方法 |
JP5524557B2 (ja) | 2009-09-28 | 2014-06-18 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子の製造方法、光電変換素子、および光電気化学電池 |
JP5620081B2 (ja) | 2009-09-28 | 2014-11-05 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子の製造方法 |
JP5713853B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2015-05-07 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 電解液及び光電変換素子 |
JP5972811B2 (ja) | 2013-02-22 | 2016-08-17 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、光電変換素子の製造方法および色素増感太陽電池 |
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JP2000228234A (ja) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光電変換素子および光電気化学電池 |
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JPH0873834A (ja) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-19 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 有機薄膜及び光機能素子 |
JPH0875543A (ja) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-22 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 光電変換素子 |
JP2000228234A (ja) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光電変換素子および光電気化学電池 |
JP2003081884A (ja) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-19 | Masao Kaneko | 溶液化学反応を固体中で行わせる方法 |
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