JP4499100B2 - 電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭の製造方法 - Google Patents
電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 106
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 polycyclic aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
100%光学異方性合成メソフェーズピッチを用いてメルトブロー法により紡糸を行い繊維状物を得た。次いで,この繊維状物を堆積して,炭素原料としての,厚さ5cmの帯状繊維集合体を得た。
繊維集合体を,ステンレス鋼製金網よりなるベルトコンベヤに載せて処理炉内に導入し,空気供給量1500m3 /min,昇温速度20℃/min,320℃にて30分間保持の条件で酸素架橋処理を行った。
繊維集合体をベルトコンベヤに載せて連続ベルト炉内を通過させ,その間に繊維集合体の炭素化を行った。この場合,炉内上部の温度が790℃に,炉内中央部の温度が780℃に,炉内下部の温度が770℃にそれぞれなるように温度調節を行い,また処理時間を30分間に設定した。
(a)300gの粉末状炭素化物と,570g(重量で粉末状炭素化物の1.9倍量)の純度85%のKOHペレットとを十分に混合し,次いでその混合物をNi製円筒形反応管に充填した。
前記同様に,100%光学異方性合成メソフェーズピッチを用いてメルトブロー法により紡糸を行い繊維状物を得た。次いで,この繊維状物を堆積して,炭素原料としての,厚さ5cmの帯状繊維集合体を得た。
前記同様に,繊維集合体をステンレス鋼製金網よりなるベルトコンベヤに載せて処理炉内に導入し,空気供給量1500m3 /min ,昇温速度20℃/min ,320℃にて30時間保持の条件で酸素架橋処理を行った。
繊維集合体をベルトコンベヤに載せて連続ベルト炉内を通過させ,その間に繊維集合体の炭素化を行った。この場合,炉内上部の温度が850℃に,炉内中央部の温度が790℃に,炉内下部の温度が740℃にそれぞれなるように温度調節を行い,また処理時間を30分間に設定した。
(a)前記同様に,300gの粉末状炭素化物と,570g(重量で粉末状炭素化物の1.9倍量)の純度85%のKOHペレットとを十分に混合し,次いでその混合物をNi製円筒形反応管に充填した。
活性炭の実施例(1)〜(4)および比較例(1a)〜(4a)について,それらの比表面積を窒素吸着によるBET法により測定し,またそれらの細孔容積をt−プロット法により測定した。
活性炭の実施例(1),カーボンブラック(導電フィラ)およびPTFE(結着剤)を85.6:9.4:5の重量比となるように秤量し,次いでその秤量物を混練し,その後,混練物を用いて圧延を行うことによって,密度が0.8〜1.0g/mlで厚さが150μmの電極シートを製作した。電極シートから2枚の分極性電極を切出し,これら2枚の分極性電極を用いて,図1〜5に示した円筒型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例(1)を製作した。電解液としては,1.8M/Lのトリエチルメチルアンモニウム・テトラフロオロボーレイト[(C2 H5 )3 CH3 NBF4 ]のプロピレンカーボネート溶液を用いた。活性炭の実施例(2)〜(4),比較例(1a)〜(4a)を用い,前記同様の方法で,7種の円筒型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例(2)〜(4),比較例(1a)〜(4a)を製作した。
活性炭の実施例(1),カーボンブラック(導電フィラ)およびPTFE(結着剤)を85.6:9.4:5の重量比となるように秤量し,次いでその秤量物を混練し,その後,混練物を用いて圧延を行うことによって,密度が0.8〜1.0g/mlで厚さが150μmの電極シートを製作した。電極シートから直径20μmの2枚の分極性電極を切出し,これら2枚の分極性電極と,直径20mm,厚さ75μmのPTFE製スペーサ,電解液等を用いて図6のボタン型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例(1)を製作した。電解液としては,1.8M/Lのトリエチルメチルアンモニウム・テトラフロオロボーレイト[(C2 H5 )3 CH3 NBF4 ]のプロピレンカーボネート溶液を用いた。活性炭の実施例(2)〜(4),比較例(1a)〜(4a)を用い,前記同様の方法で,7種のボタン型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例(2)〜(4),比較例(1a)〜(4a)を製作した。
ボタン型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例および比較例等について,次のような充放電サイクルを行い,次いでエネルギ換算法にて各活性炭の単位体積当りの静電容量密度,つまり体積静電容量密度(F/cm3 )を求めた。充放電では,2.7Vまで90分間の定電流定電圧充電を行い,次いで90分間の定電流放電を,2mA/cm2 の電流密度で0Vまで行った。
円筒型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例および比較例について,25℃にて2.7Vの定電圧印加を24時間行い,次いで静電容量を測定して,これを初期値とした。次いで,円筒型電気二重層キャパシタの実施例および比較例について,45℃の恒温槽内で2.7Vの定電圧印加を48,200,400,800,1000および1200時間行い,各時間経過毎に静電容量を測定した。表3は測定結果を示す。
Claims (6)
- 炭素化物にアルカリ賦活処理を施して,電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭を製造するに当り,前記炭素化物として,合成メソフェーズピッチ,石油メソフェーズピッチ,石炭メソフェーズピッチ,石油コークス,石炭コークスまたは石油ピッチを,酸素架橋処理及び炭素化処理を施してなり、かつ、平均真比重が1.450〜1.650であり,且つ真比重の最大値と最小値との差が0.025以下であるものを用いることを特徴とする電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭の製造方法。
- 前記炭素化処理は炉内で600℃〜1000℃の加熱温度で行われ,且つ炉内上部と炉内下部との温度差が1℃〜50℃であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の製造方法。
- 前記炉内上部と前記炉内下部との温度差が20℃であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の製造方法。
- 前記炭素化処理が前記炉内で10分〜300分の範囲で行われ,炉内上部の温度が790℃,炉内中央部の温度が780℃,炉内下部の温度が770℃であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の方法。
- 炭素原料が1cm〜50cmの厚さを有する繊維集合体であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の製造方法。
- 前記厚さが3cm〜20cmであることを特徴とする請求項5記載の製造方法。
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JP2003319875A JP2006286657A (ja) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | 電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭の製造方法 |
PCT/JP2004/013575 WO2005027158A2 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2004-09-10 | Process of producing activated carbon for electrode of electric double layer capacitor |
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JP2007505490A JP2007505490A (ja) | 2007-03-08 |
JP4499100B2 true JP4499100B2 (ja) | 2010-07-07 |
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JP2006526012A Expired - Fee Related JP4499100B2 (ja) | 2003-09-11 | 2004-09-10 | 電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭の製造方法 |
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US (1) | US7410510B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1665302B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2006286657A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100926920B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1849680B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004007533T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005027158A2 (ja) |
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JP2006269946A (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Sii Micro Parts Ltd | キャパシタおよびその製造方法 |
JP4576371B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-27 | 2010-11-04 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 活性炭、その製造方法及び用途 |
JP4576374B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-16 | 2010-11-04 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 活性炭、その製造方法及びその用途 |
JP2008141060A (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-19 | Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd | 活性炭、および活性炭の製造方法 |
JP4838152B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-11 | 2011-12-14 | Jfeケミカル株式会社 | 多孔質炭素材料およびその製造方法ならびに電気二重層キャパシタ |
WO2008084846A1 (ja) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
US8159312B2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2012-04-17 | Medrelief Inc. | Method and system for signal coupling and direct current blocking |
JP5676074B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-31 | 2015-02-25 | 関西熱化学株式会社 | 活性炭の改質方法 |
CN102122573B (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-11-14 | 无锡富洪科技有限公司 | 超级电容器 |
CN102122574B (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-11-14 | 无锡富洪科技有限公司 | 超级电容器盖板和超级电容器 |
GB2550617A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-11-29 | Ou Skeleton Tech Group | Integrated carbon/carbon ultracapacitor of high power density and battery composed from said capacitors |
KR102400001B1 (ko) | 2016-05-30 | 2022-05-19 | 어드벤 인더스트리스 인코포레이티드 | 표면적이 큰 활성탄 및 그 제조방법 |
US11060035B2 (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2021-07-13 | Adven Industries, Inc. | Methods for enhancing efficiency of bitumen extraction from oilsands using activated carbon containing additives |
WO2022046808A1 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Hempax, LLC | Biomass-based method and composition |
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JPS6453522A (en) * | 1987-08-25 | 1989-03-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electric double layer capacitor |
JPH11121300A (ja) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-04-30 | Nec Corp | 分極性電極及びその製造方法 |
JP2002231585A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-16 | Nec Corp | 電気二重層コンデンサ |
JP3715251B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-24 | 2005-11-09 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電気二重層キャパシタの電極用活性炭の製造方法および炭素原料 |
CN1185662C (zh) * | 2001-06-07 | 2005-01-19 | 王国庆 | 双电层电容器 |
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JP2003064535A (ja) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-05 | Kuraray Co Ltd | ポリビニルアルコール系の活性炭布又は活性炭シート及びそれらの製造法 |
JP2004067498A (ja) | 2002-06-13 | 2004-03-04 | Kashima Oil Co Ltd | 活性炭およびそれを用いた電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP2005142439A (ja) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-06-02 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 電気二重層キャパシタ電極用活性炭の製造方法およびその炭素原料 |
JP4811556B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-23 | 2011-11-09 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 圧電素子、液体噴射ヘッドおよび液体噴射装置 |
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WO2005027158A2 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
KR20060115352A (ko) | 2006-11-08 |
CN1849680A (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
CN1849680B (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
JP2007505490A (ja) | 2007-03-08 |
DE602004007533D1 (de) | 2007-08-23 |
EP1665302A2 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
KR100926920B1 (ko) | 2009-11-17 |
US20070026624A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
EP1665302B1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
JP2006286657A (ja) | 2006-10-19 |
US7410510B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 |
WO2005027158A3 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
DE602004007533T2 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
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