JP4478449B2 - アゾール誘導体を含有する、燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の冷媒 - Google Patents
アゾール誘導体を含有する、燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の冷媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4478449B2 JP4478449B2 JP2003504484A JP2003504484A JP4478449B2 JP 4478449 B2 JP4478449 B2 JP 4478449B2 JP 2003504484 A JP2003504484 A JP 2003504484A JP 2003504484 A JP2003504484 A JP 2003504484A JP 4478449 B2 JP4478449 B2 JP 4478449B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/20—Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C23F11/149—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen as hetero atom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Description
の、オルト位で縮合されたイミダゾールおよびオルト位で縮合された1,2,3−トリアゾールである。一般式(I)のアゾール誘導体の典型的な例は、ベンゾイミダゾール(X=C−H、R=H)、ベンゾトリアゾール(X=N、R=H)およびトルトリアゾール(トリルトリアゾール)(X=N、R=CH3)である。一般式(II)のアゾール誘導体の典型的な例の1つは、水素添加1,2,3−トルトリアゾール(トリルトリアゾール)(X=N、R=CH3)である。
のベンゾチアゾールである。一般式(III)のアゾール誘導体の典型的な例の1つは、2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾールである。
のオルト位で縮合されていないアゾール誘導体は有利である。
(a)アルキレングリコールまたはその誘導体10〜90質量%、
(b)水90〜10質量%、
(c)上記アゾール誘導体0.005〜5質量%、殊に0.0075〜2.5質量%、とりわけ0.01〜1質量%および
(d)場合によりオルト珪酸エステル
からなる、最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有する、すぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物を製造することができる。この場合、全成分の合計は100質量%である。
(a)アルキレングリコールまたはその誘導体10〜90質量%、
(b)水90〜10質量%、
(c)上記アゾール誘導体0.005〜5質量%、殊に0.0075〜2.5質量%、とりわけ0.01〜1質量%および
(d)場合によりオルト珪酸エステル
からなり、かつ上記不凍液濃縮液をイオン不含の水で希釈することにより得ることができる、燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用のすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物である。この場合、全成分の合計は100質量%である。
本発明は以下の実施例により詳説されるが、しかしながらこれに制限されるべきではない。
試験記述:
5つのアルミニウム試験金属(真空ハンダ付けしたAl、名称:EN−AW3005、AN−AW4045 10質量%で片面をハンダメッキしたもの;寸法:58×26×0.35mm、直径7mmの穿孔を備える)を秤量し、プラスチックねじを用いてナットおよびテフロンディスクと非導電性に連結し、2つのテフロンスタンド上に、すりガラス接続およびガラスカバーを備えた1リットルのビーカーガラス中に立てた。引き続き、試験液1000mlを供給した。以下の第1表に記載された試験において、イオン交換体(Rohm + Haas社の混合床樹脂−イオン交換体AMBERJET(登録商標) UP 6040 RESIN)2.5gを有する小さな材料袋をこの液体中に架けたが、次の第2表に記載された実施例はイオン交換体の不在で行った。このビーカーガラスをガラスカバーで気密に閉鎖し、88℃に加熱し、この液体を電磁攪拌機で強力に撹拌した。導電率を試験開始時並びに数週間間隔で、予め採取した液体試料に関して測定した(伝導率測定装置LF 530、WTW/Weilheim社)。試験の終了後;アルミニウム試料を視覚評価し、ASTM D 1384−94による水性クロム酸/リン酸を用いた酸洗いによって重量分析により評価した。
Claims (6)
- アルキレングリコールまたはその誘導体をベースとし、硫黄原子を含有しないかまたは最高で1個有してよく、かつ芳香族もしくは飽和6員オルト位縮合体を有してよい、窒素および硫黄の群からなる2個または3個のヘテロ原子を有する1種以上の5員複素環式化合物(アゾール誘導体)並びに2〜2000質量ppmの珪素含量を有するすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物を生じる量のオルト珪酸エステルを含有する、最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有する、イオン不含の水で希釈することによりすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物を生じる、燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の不凍液濃縮液。
- アゾール誘導体を合計で0.05〜5質量%含有する、請求項1記載の燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の不凍液濃縮液。
- アゾール誘導体として、ベンゾイミダゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール、トルトリアゾールおよび/または水素化トルトリアゾールを含有する、請求項1または2記載の燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の不凍液濃縮液。
- モノエチレングリコールがアルキレングリコールとして使用されている、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の不凍液濃縮液。
- イオン不含の水で希釈することにより、本質的に
(a)アルキレングリコールまたはその誘導体10〜90質量%、
(b)水90〜10質量%、
(c)アゾール誘導体0.005〜5質量%、および
(d)2〜2000質量ppmの珪素含量を有するすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物を生じる量のオルト珪酸エステル
からなる、最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有するすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物を生じる、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の不凍液濃縮液。 - 請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の不凍液濃縮液をイオン不含の水で希釈することにより得ることができる、本質的に
(a)アルキレングリコールまたはその誘導体10〜90質量%、
(b)水90〜10質量%、
(c)アゾール誘導体0.005〜5質量%、および
(d)2〜2000質量ppmの珪素含量を有するすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物を生じる量のオルト珪酸エステル
からなる、燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用のすぐに使用できる水性冷媒組成物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10128530A DE10128530A1 (de) | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | Kühlmittel für Kühlsysteme in Brennstoffzellenantrieben enthaltend Azolderivate |
PCT/EP2002/006194 WO2002101848A2 (de) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-06-06 | Kühlmittel für kühlsysteme in brennstoffzellenantrieben enthaltend azolderivate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005500649A JP2005500649A (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
JP4478449B2 true JP4478449B2 (ja) | 2010-06-09 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2003504484A Expired - Lifetime JP4478449B2 (ja) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-06-06 | アゾール誘導体を含有する、燃料電池ドライブ中での冷却系用の冷媒 |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US7371334B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1399523B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4478449B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100898941B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1242019C (ja) |
AR (1) | AR034450A1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE281501T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002316969B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0210290B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2449208C (ja) |
CZ (1) | CZ304454B6 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE10128530A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2231712T3 (ja) |
HU (1) | HU229656B1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA03010958A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO335316B1 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL201392B1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1399523E (ja) |
SK (1) | SK287103B6 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002101848A2 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200400190B (ja) |
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