JP4459286B2 - 赤外線検知器 - Google Patents
赤外線検知器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4459286B2 JP4459286B2 JP2008205241A JP2008205241A JP4459286B2 JP 4459286 B2 JP4459286 B2 JP 4459286B2 JP 2008205241 A JP2008205241 A JP 2008205241A JP 2008205241 A JP2008205241 A JP 2008205241A JP 4459286 B2 JP4459286 B2 JP 4459286B2
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- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 10
- 229910017115 AlSb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910005542 GaSb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 InN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 251
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0304—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
- H01L31/03046—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds including ternary or quaternary compounds, e.g. GaAlAs, InGaAs, InGaAsP
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/544—Solar cells from Group III-V materials
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Description
本発明による実施形態の説明の前に、本発明との比較のため、既に提案されている赤外線検知器について、図7乃至図9を用いて説明する。図7は提案されている赤外線検知器の構成を示す断面図であり、図8は提案されている赤外線検知器の光検知構造の詳細を示す断面図であり、図9は提案されている赤外線検知器のエネルギーバンド図である。
本発明の一実施形態による赤外線検知器について、図1乃至図3を用いて説明する。図1は本実施形態による赤外線検知器の構成を示す断面図であり、図2は本実施形態による赤外線検知器の光検知構造の詳細を示す断面図であり、図3は本実施形態による赤外線検知器のエネルギーバンド図である。
本発明は上記実施形態に限らず種々の変形が可能である。
実施例1の赤外線検知器は、図1及び図2に示す構成の赤外線検知器である。
実施例2の赤外線検知器は、図1及び図2に示す構成の赤外線検知器である。
比較例の赤外線検知器は、図7及び図8に示す構成の赤外線検知器である。
図10に、実施例の赤外線検知器の分光応答スペクトルを示す。図10に示すように、実施例1の赤外線検出器、実施例2の赤外線検出器とも、8〜12μmの長波長赤外線域において応答する特性を有している。
11…バッファ層
12…下側コンタクト層
13…上側コンタクト層
14…下側電極層
15…上側電極層
16…保護層
20…光検知構造
21…中間層
22…下地層
23…量子ドット層
24…キャップ層
110…GaAs基板
111…バッファ層
112…下側コンタクト層
113…上側コンタクト層
114…下側電極層
115…上側電極層
116…保護層
120…光検知構造
121…中間層
122…量子ドット層
Claims (10)
- 中間層と、前記中間層よりバッドギャップが狭い複数の量子ドットを有する量子ドット層とが交互に積層されてなる積層体を有し、前記積層体に赤外線を照射した際に生じる光電流を検出することにより赤外線を検出する赤外線検知器において、
前記量子ドット層の一方の側に設けられ、前記中間層よりもバンドギャップが広い第1の障壁層と、
前記量子ドット層の他方の側に設けられ、前記中間層よりもバンドギャップが広い第2の障壁層と
を更に有し、
前記第1の障壁層は、前記量子ドット層のドット底面に接するように形成されており、
前記第2の障壁層は、前記複数の量子ドットを覆うように形成されており、
前記第1の障壁層のバンドギャップは、前記第2の障壁層のバンドギャップより大きく、
前記第1の障壁層の厚さは、前記第2の障壁層の厚さより薄い
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項1記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記第1の障壁層の厚さが0.5nm以下であり、前記第2の障壁層の厚さが5nm以下である
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項1又は2記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記中間層は、GaAs、AlGaAs、InGaP、及びInGaAsNの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成され、
前記第1の障壁層は、AlAs、AlGaAs、InAlAs、InAlP、及びGaAlPの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成され、
前記量子ドットは、InAs、InGaAs、InAlAs、InAlSb、及びGaAsSbの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成され、
前記第2の障壁層は、AlGaAs、InGaP、InGaAlP、及びInAlAsの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成されている
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項3記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記中間層と、前記第1の障壁層とは、AlGaAsにより形成され、前記中間層のAl組成比が、前記第1の障壁層のAl組成比よりも小さい
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項4記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記中間層と、前記第1の障壁層と、前記第2の障壁層とは、AlGaAsにより形成され、
前記中間層のAl組成比が、前記第2の障壁層のAl組成比よりも小さく、
前記第2の障壁層のAl組成比が、前記第1の障壁層のAl組成比と等しいか、それよりも小さい
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項4記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記第1の障壁層がAlAsであり、前記量子ドットがInAsあるいはInAlAsである
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項5記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記第1の障壁層と、前記第2の障壁層とは、AlAsにより形成され、
前記量子ドットは、InAs又はInAlAsにより形成されている
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項6記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記量子ドットの密度は、5×1010cm−2以上である
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項1又は2記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記中間層は、InP、InGaAs、InGaAlAs、InGaAsP、及びInAlAsPの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成され、
前記第1の障壁層は、AlAs、InAlAs、InGaAlAs、InGaAsP、InAlAsP、及びGaAlPの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成され、
前記量子ドットは、InAs、InGaAs、InAlAs、InAlSb、及びGaAsSbの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成され、
前記第2の障壁層は、InGaAs、InAlAs、InGaAlAs、InGaAsP、InAlAsP、及びGaAlPの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物により形成されている
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。 - 請求項1又は2記載の赤外線検知器において、
前記中間層、前記第1の障壁層、前記量子ドット、前記第2の障壁層は、InAs、GaAs、AlAs、InP、GaP、AlP、InSb、GaSb、AlSb、InN、GaN、及びAlNの群から選ばれるひとつの化合物、又は、複数の化合物の混晶により形成されている
ことを特徴とする赤外線検知器。
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JP2008205241A JP4459286B2 (ja) | 2008-08-08 | 2008-08-08 | 赤外線検知器 |
US12/534,421 US8373155B2 (en) | 2008-08-08 | 2009-08-03 | Infrared photodetector |
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US20070137693A1 (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-21 | Forrest Stephen R | Intermediate-band photosensitive device with quantum dots having tunneling barrier embedded in inorganic matrix |
JP4571920B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-14 | 2010-10-27 | 富士通株式会社 | 光検知器 |
JP4829004B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 富士通株式会社 | 光検知装置およびその製造方法 |
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