JP4431681B2 - 金属被覆炭素材料およびそれを用いた炭素−金属複合材料 - Google Patents
金属被覆炭素材料およびそれを用いた炭素−金属複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4431681B2 JP4431681B2 JP2009533131A JP2009533131A JP4431681B2 JP 4431681 B2 JP4431681 B2 JP 4431681B2 JP 2009533131 A JP2009533131 A JP 2009533131A JP 2009533131 A JP2009533131 A JP 2009533131A JP 4431681 B2 JP4431681 B2 JP 4431681B2
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- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 119
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- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
2 遷移金属単体または第2の酸化状態の遷移金属イオン
10 小孔
平均直径10μm、長さ1mm、引張弾性率900GPa以上のピッチ系炭素繊維(チョップド炭素繊維、以下CCF)50gと、0.5μmの粒径のFe2O3粉末10g(CCFの質量を基準として20質量%)と、水50g(固形分総体積の約2倍)とを容量500mLのポリプロピレン製ポットに添加した。さらに、ポットに直径10mmのステンレスボール300gを添加して、横置き型ボールミルに配置した。ボールミルを120rpmの回転数において1時間にわたって作働させて、CCFおよびFe2O3粉末を混合した。混合終了後に、70℃の恒温乾燥機を用いて水を蒸発させて、CCF/Fe2O3混合物を得た。
Fe2O3+3C → 2Fe+3CO↑ (1)
Fe2O3粉末の量を3.5gに変更したことを除いて、実施例1の手順を繰り返して、Fe付着CCFを作製した。得られたFe付着CCFは、7.4重量%のFeを含む。以下、このFe付着CCFをCCF−7.4Feと称する。
2重量%のFe(III)EDTA塩を含有する水溶液100mLに、長さ1mm、引張弾性率900GPa以上のCCF20gを浸漬した。混合物を、約24時間にわたって70℃に加熱し、水分を蒸発させると同時に、CCFにFe(III)EDTA塩を付着させた。得られた塩付着CCFを、500mLのアルミナ製るつぼに移し、以後実施例1と同様の手順によって処理して、Fe付着CCFを得た。
2重量%のFe(III)EDTA塩を含有する水溶液100mLに、平均直径200nm、長さ1μm以上の気相成長炭素繊維(VGCF)20gを浸漬した。混合物を、約24時間にわたって70℃に加熱し、水分を蒸発させると同時に、VGCFにFe(III)EDTA塩を付着させた。得られた塩付着VGCFを、500mLのアルミナ製るつぼに移し、以後実施例1と同様の手順によって処理して、Fe付着VGCFを得た。
12gのVGCFを用いたことを除いて実施例4の手順を繰り返して、Fe付着VGCFを得た。Fe源であるFe(III)EDTA塩が、全て金属Feに還元されたとすると、Fe付着VGCF中のFeの含有量は2.2重量%である。以下、このFe付着VGCFをVGCF−2.2Feと称する。
2重量%のCo(NO3)2・6H2Oを含有する水溶液100mLに、長さ1mm、引張弾性率900GPa以上のCCF20gを浸漬した。混合物を、約24時間にわたって70℃に加熱し、水分を蒸発させると同時に、CCFにCo(NO3)2を付着させた。得られた塩付着CCFを、500mLのアルミナ製るつぼに移し、以後実施例1と同様の手順によって処理して、Co付着CCFを得た。Co源であるCo(NO3)2・6H2Oが、全て金属Coに還元されたとすると、Co付着CCF中のCoの含有量は1.8重量%である。以下、このCo付着CCFをCCF−1.8Coと称する。
実施例2で得られたCCF−7.4Feおよび実施例6で得られたCCF−1.8Coの磁化特性を図8Aおよび図8Bに示す。図8AはCCF−7.4Feの磁化特性を示し、図8BはCCF−1.8Coの磁化特性を示す。図8Aから明らかなように、CCF−7.4Feは強磁性を示し、高い磁化率を有した。また、図8Bから分かるように、CCF−1.8Coも、磁化率こそCCF−7.4Feに及ばないものの、強磁性を示した。CCF−7.4FeとCCF−1.8Coとの磁化率の差は、被覆量の差に起因するものと考えられる。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feと平均粒径5μmのAl粉末とを混合した。混合物中のCCF−15.6Feの含有量を60体積%とした。500mLポリプロピレン製ポットに対して、得られた混合物30重量部、エタノール70重量部、および直径10mmのステンレスボール100重量部を添加した。ポリプロピレン製ポットを横置き型ボールミルに設置し、2時間にわたって120rpmにて作働させ、スラリーを得た。
実施例1で使用したCCFに対して、無電解メッキにより、その表面にNiを被覆した。図12に、得られたNi被覆CCFの断面のSEM写真を示す。図12から明らかなように、本比較例では炭素材料自体を還元剤として使用していないため、CCF表面に小孔は認められなかった。また、無電解メッキに代えて、CVD法、スパッタ法、イオンプレーティング法、または真空蒸着法を用いて作成したNi被覆CCFについても、CCFの表面に小孔は認められなかった。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feに代えて実施例2で得られたCCF−7.4Feを用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−(CCF−7.4Fe)と称する。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feに代えて実施例3で得られたCCF−1.3Feを用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−(CCF−1.3Fe)と称する。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feに代えて実施例6で得られたCCF−1.8Coを用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−(CCF−1.8Co)と称する。
実施例4で作製したVGCF−1.3Feと平均粒径5μmのAl粉末とを混合した。混合物中のVGCF−1.3Feの含有量を30体積%とした。以後、実施例7の手順を繰り返して、炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−(VGCF−1.3Fe)と称する。
実施例5で作製したVGCF−2.2Feと平均粒径5μmのAl粉末とを混合した。混合物中のVGCF−2.2Feの含有量を30体積%とした。以後、実施例7の手順を繰り返して、炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−(VGCF−2.2Fe)と称する。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feに代えて実施例2で得られたCCF−7.4Feを用い、およびAl粉末に代えて平均粒径5μmのCu粉末を用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Cu−(CCF−7.4Fe)と称する。
実施例7と同様の手順を用いて、CCF−15.6Feと平均粒径5μmのAl粉末とを混合し、スラリーを形成した。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feに代えて実施例1で用いたCCFを用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−CCFと称する。
実施例4で作製したVGCF−1.3Feに代えて実施例4で用いたVGCFを用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Al−VGCFと称する。
実施例1で作製したCCF−15.6Feに代えて実施例1で用いたCCFを用い、およびAl粉末に代えて平均粒径5μmのCu粉末を用いたことを除いて、実施例7の手順を繰り返して炭素−金属複合材料を得た。以下、得られた複合材料を、Cu−CCFと称する。
実施例7および9〜14ならびに比較例2〜4で得られた複合材料の相対密度、ならびに各方位における熱伝導率および熱膨張率の評価を行った。結果を第1表に示す。本発明における「相対密度」とは、空隙が存在しないとの仮定の下で複合材料の各構成成分の密度および配合比率から計算される理想密度に対する、実測の嵩密度の比をパーセントで表わした数値である。相対密度100%は、複合材料中に全く空隙が存在しないことを意味する。また、方位「Z」は、パルス通電焼結時における一軸加圧方向を意味する。実施例7および9〜13ならびに比較例2〜4において、方位「X」および「Y」は、方位「Z」と直交する2つの方位を意味する。実施例14における方位「X」は磁場の印加方向を意味し、方位「Y」は方位「X」および「Z」と直交する方位を意味する。
Claims (6)
- 炭素材料の表面上に、第1酸化状態にある遷移金属イオンを含有する化合物を付着させ、真空または不活性雰囲気下における熱処理によって炭素材料中の炭素により該遷移金属イオンを還元して、遷移金属単体または第2の酸化状態の遷移金属イオンを形成することによって得られる遷移金属被覆炭素材料であって、
第2の酸化状態は、第1の酸化状態よりも低い酸化状態であり、
該遷移金属が、Fe、Co、Ni、Mn、CuおよびZnからなる群から選択され、
前記炭素材料が、500nm〜30mmの長さを有するピッチ系炭素繊維および500nm〜30mmの長さを有するポリアクリロニトリル系炭素繊維からなる群から選択される
ことを特徴とする遷移金属被覆炭素材料。 - 請求項1に記載の遷移金属被覆炭素材料と、マトリクス金属との複合化によって得られる炭素−金属複合材料であって、該炭素−金属複合材料中の炭素の含有率が10〜80体積%であることを特徴とする炭素−金属複合材料。
- 該マトリクス金属が、アルミニウム、銅、マグネシウム、およびそれらを基とする合金からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の炭素−金属複合材料。
- 該複合化がパルス通電焼結法を用いて実施されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の炭素−金属複合材料。
- 該炭素材料の長軸が、特定の平面の±30゜以内に配向しており、該特定の平面内ではランダムに配向していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の炭素−金属複合材料。
- 該炭素材料の長軸が、特定の軸方向の±30゜以内に配向していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の炭素−金属複合材料。
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EP (1) | EP2208706B1 (ja) |
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EP2208706B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
KR20100040974A (ko) | 2010-04-21 |
CN101801845B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
US20170073845A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
KR101187328B1 (ko) | 2012-10-05 |
EP2208706A4 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
WO2009038048A1 (ja) | 2009-03-26 |
EP2208706A1 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
US20130323494A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
US20120114874A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
JPWO2009038048A1 (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
US20100221526A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
CN101801845A (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
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