JP4422619B2 - レート適合低密度パリティ検査符号 - Google Patents
レート適合低密度パリティ検査符号 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0057—Block codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
- H03M13/635—Error control coding in combination with rate matching
- H03M13/6362—Error control coding in combination with rate matching by puncturing
- H03M13/6368—Error control coding in combination with rate matching by puncturing using rate compatible puncturing or complementary puncturing
- H03M13/6393—Rate compatible low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
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Description
ここで、t<<(n−k)であり、したがって、s>tである。Hの(n−k)行をパリティ検査と呼び、LDPCの符号語の要素をビットと呼ぶ。行列Hは、確率依存グラフまたはタナーグラフとしてとして知られている二部グラフとして表され、ノードの一方のサブセットは全ビットを表わし、ノードの他方のサブセットは全パリティ検査を表わす。非常に単純であるが、説明のための例として、4×8のパリティ検査行列を検討し、これを式(1a)として与える。
生成行列をこの形にすると、組織的符号が得られ、これは、1つの実施形態において効果的である。データ語uは、式(5)にしたがって、符号語cへマッピング(符号化)される。
ここで、uおよびcの両者は、行ベクトルであり、生成行列Gは、送信機において使用される。受信機において、パリティ検査行列を使用して、受信した符号語yに対して、(n−k)までの別々のパリティ検査を行う。受信した符号語は、式(6)として与えられる。
ここで、eは、エラーワードを示す。受信機において、検査を行ない、式(7)であることを確認する。
これは、エラーワードがe=[00...0]であり、すなわち、受信され、復号された符号語が誤りを含んでいないことを示唆する。式(7)が満たされないときは、復号された符号語は、誤りを含んでいる。
新しい符号化率は、式(10)として与えられる。
ゼロの埋込みは、G(またはPT)の上位(k−keff)行を削除することに等しい。実際には、長さkeffのデータ語の符号化は、ゼロの埋込みに関わらないことがある。むしろ、これは、(上位(k−keff)行が差し引かれた)行列PTによってkeffデータビットを乗算することのみに関わり、最終的な符号語は、keff組織的ビットに、結果の(n−k)パリティビットを加えたもののみで構成されることがある。図4に示されているように、受信機では、(対応する(k−keff)最上位行が削除された)パリティ検査行列HTは、(n−k)の別々のパリティ検査を行なう。図4では、ゼロは元の状態に戻され、受信した短くされた符号語が、最大長の符号語のサブセットであることを示している。具体的には、図4は、受信した符号語が、(k−keff)個の元の状態に戻されたゼロと、keff個の組織的ビットと、(n−k)個のパリティビットとを含むことが示されているが、実際には、受信機において行われるパリティ検査は、(n−k+keff)個の組織的ビットおよびパリティビットと、((k−keff)最上位行が差し引かれた)HTのみに関わることがある。y・HTの結果が、上述の式(7)を満たすと、受信機は、受信した符号語yを確認する。
受信機において、対応するパリティ検査行列は、図4に示されている、元のHT行列の(n−k−np)最左列のみで構成され、保持される列は、斜線を付けられた長方形202として表わされている。その代りに、“失われる”パリティビットを、消去として扱い、全ての(n−k)のパリティ検査を行う前に、ゼロを元の場所に挿入してもよい。
Claims (27)
- 通信システムにおいて伝送を符号化する方法であって、
データ保護要件及びチャネル状態に応答する可変レート符号化器により、低密度パリティ検査(Low Density Parity Check, LDPC)行列により特定される、ビット長をもつ第1の符号を選択することと、
前記低密度パリティ検査行列及び前記チャネル状態に基づき、生成行列を決定することと、
送信のためのデータ語を受信することと、
前記データ語が前記ビット長よりも短い場合には、前記データ語をゼロで埋め、前記データ語を前記ビット長に伸ばすことと、
前記生成行列に、前記データ長の前記データ語を適用して、符号語を生成することと、を含む方法。 - 前記生成行列を決定することは、
前記チャネル状態が生成行列低減基準を満たすとき、前記生成行列のサイズを低減すること、を含む請求項1の記載の方法。 - 前記生成行列低減基準は、チャネル状態基準である請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記生成行列は複数のパリティ列を含み、
前記生成行列のサイズを低減することは、前記複数のパリティ列のうちの少なくとも一部分を削除することを含む請求項2記載の方法。 - 前記符号語からゼロを削除し、短くされた符号語を形成することと、
前記短くされた符号語を伝送することと、をさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。 - データ源と、
前記データ源に接続された、データ保護要件及びチャネル状態に応答する可変レート符号器であって、
低密度パリティ検査(Low Density Parity Check, LDPC)行列により特定される、ビット長をもつ第1の符号を選択し、
前記低密度パリティ検査行列及びチャネル状態に基づき、生成行列を決定し、
送信のためのデータ語を受信し、
前記データ語が前記ビット長よりも短い場合には、前記データ語をゼロで埋め、前記データ語を前記ビット長に伸ばし、
前記生成行列に、前記データ長の前記データ語を適用して、符号語を生成する、可変レート符号器と、
を含む装置。 - 前記生成行列を決定することは、
前記チャネル状態が生成行列低減基準を満たすとき、前記生成行列のサイズを低減すること、を含む請求項6の記載の装置。 - 前記生成行列低減基準は、チャネル状態基準である請求項7記載の装置。
- 前記生成行列は複数のパリティ列を含み、
前記生成行列のサイズを低減することは、前記複数のパリティ列のうちの少なくとも一部分を削除することを含む請求項7記載の装置。 - データを符号化する方法であって、
入力ブロック長をもつ生成行列を生成することと、
第1の長さのデータ語を受信することと、
第1の長さが入力ブロック長よりも短いときは、データ語をゼロで埋めることと、
生成行列低減基準が満たされているときは、生成行列のサイズを低減することと、
低減されたサイズの生成行列にデータ語を適用することと、を含む方法。 - 低減基準が、チャネル品質基準である請求項10記載の方法。
- 生成行列がパリティ列を含み、生成行列を低減することが、パリティ列の少なくとも一部分を削除することを含む請求項10記載の方法。
- 通信システムにおいて伝送を符号化する装置であって、
低密度パリティ検査(Low Density Parity Check, LDPC)行列により特定される、ビット長をもつ第1の符号を選択する手段と、
前記低密度パリティ検査行列及びチャネル状態に基づき、生成行列を決定する手段と、
データ語を受信する手段と、
前記データ語が前記ビット長よりも短い場合には、前記データ語をゼロで埋め、データ語を前記ビット長に伸ばす手段と、
前記生成行列に、前記データ長の前記データ語を適用して、符号語を生成する手段と、を含む装置。 - 前記生成行列を決定する手段は、
前記チャネル状態が生成行列低減基準を満たすとき、前記生成行列のサイズを低減する請求項13記載の装置。 - 前記生成行列低減基準は、チャネル状態基準である請求項14記載の装置。
- 前記生成行列は複数のパリティ列を含み、
前記生成行列のサイズを低減することは、前記複数のパリティ列のうちの少なくとも一部分を削除することを含む請求項14記載の装置。 - 前記符号語からゼロを削除し、短くされた符号語を形成する手段と、
前記短くされた符号語を送信する手段と、
をさらに含む請求項13記載の装置。 - 通信システムにおいて伝送を符号化する装置であって、
前記装置はプロセッサを含み、前記プロセッサは、
低密度パリティ検査(Low Density Parity Check, LDPC)行列により特定される、ビット長をもつ第1の符号を選択し、
前記低密度パリティ検査行列及びチャネル状態に基づき、生成行列を決定し、
送信のためのデータ語を受信し、
前記データ語が前記ビット長よりも短い場合には、前記データ語をゼロで埋め、前記データ語を前記ビット長に伸ばし、
前記生成行列に、前記データ長の前記データ語を適用して、符号語を生成する、装置。 - 前記生成行列を決定することは、
前記チャネル状態が生成行列低減基準を満たすとき、前記生成行列のサイズを低減すること、を含む請求項18記載の装置。 - 前記生成行列低減基準は、チャネル状態基準である請求項19記載の装置。
- 前記生成行列は複数のパリティ列を含み、
前記生成行列のサイズを低減することは、前記複数のパリティ列のうちの少なくとも一部分を削除することを含む請求項19記載の装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記符号語からゼロを削除し、短くされた符号語を形成し、
前記短くされた符号語を送信する、
請求項18記載の装置。 - コンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体であって、
コンピュータに、
低密度パリティ検査(Low Density Parity Check, LDPC)行列により特定される、ビット長をもつ第1の符号を選択し、
前記低密度パリティ検査行列及びチャネル状態に基づき、生成行列を決定し、
送信のためのデータ語を受信し、
前記データ語が前記ビット長よりも短い場合には、前記データ語をゼロで埋め、前記データ語を前記ビット長に伸ばし、
前記生成行列に、前記データ長の前記データ語を適用して、符号語を生成すること、
を実行させるための命令群を記憶した記憶媒体。 - 前記生成行列を決定することは、
前記チャネル状態が生成行列低減基準を満たすとき、前記生成行列のサイズを低減すること、を含む請求項23記載のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体。 - 前記生成行列低減基準は、チャネル状態基準である請求項24記載のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体。
- 前記生成行列は複数のパリティ列を含み、
前記生成行列のサイズを低減することは、前記複数のパリティ列のうちの少なくとも一部分を削除することを含む請求項24記載のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体。 - コンピュータに、
前記符号語からゼロを削除して、短くされた符号語を形成し、
前記短くされた符号語を送信することを実行させるための命令群をさらに記憶した請求項23のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/299,374 US7702986B2 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Rate-compatible LDPC codes |
PCT/US2003/036230 WO2004047307A1 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-11-12 | Rate-compatible low-density parity-check (ldpc) codes |
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JP2009219253A Expired - Fee Related JP5301402B2 (ja) | 2002-11-18 | 2009-09-24 | レート適合低密度パリティ検査符号 |
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US (1) | US7702986B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1576733B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP4422619B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101104653B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1714512B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE411647T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003290821A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0316313A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2505057A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60324190D1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA05005308A (ja) |
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BR0316313A (pt) | 2005-09-27 |
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