JP2022525596A - 浸漬可能なナノバブル発生デバイスおよび方法 - Google Patents
浸漬可能なナノバブル発生デバイスおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2022525596A JP2022525596A JP2021555180A JP2021555180A JP2022525596A JP 2022525596 A JP2022525596 A JP 2022525596A JP 2021555180 A JP2021555180 A JP 2021555180A JP 2021555180 A JP2021555180 A JP 2021555180A JP 2022525596 A JP2022525596 A JP 2022525596A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rotatable
- liquid
- nanobubbles
- gas
- transmissible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002101 nanobubble Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 29
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
- B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
- B01F23/23314—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements through a hollow stirrer element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
- B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
- B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
- B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
- B01F23/23311—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements through a hollow stirrer axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
- B01F23/2333—Single stirrer-drive aerating units, e.g. with the stirrer-head pivoting around an horizontal axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
- B01F23/2334—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements provided with stationary guiding means surrounding at least partially the stirrer
- B01F23/23341—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements provided with stationary guiding means surrounding at least partially the stirrer with tubes surrounding the stirrer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
- B01F23/2373—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm
- B01F23/2375—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm for obtaining bubbles with a size below 1 µm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/40—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth
- B01F27/42—Mixers with rotor-rotor system, e.g. with intermeshing teeth with rotating surfaces next to each other, i.e. on substantially parallel axes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
- B01F35/32—Driving arrangements
- B01F35/32005—Type of drive
- B01F35/3204—Motor driven, i.e. by means of an electric or IC motor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
- B01F2025/916—Turbulent flow, i.e. every point of the flow moves in a random direction and intermixes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/305—Treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
- B01F23/231231—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material the outlets being in the form of perforations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
- B01F23/2376—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
- B01F23/23761—Aerating, i.e. introducing oxygen containing gas in liquids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、35 USC §119(e)の下で、2019年3月14日に出願された米国特許出願第62/818,573号の優先権を主張し、その内容全体は参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
本開示は、ある液体体積においてナノバブルを生成するための浸漬可能な通気デバイスおよび方法に関する。
ポンプまたはブロワシステムなどの様々なシステムが、ある体積の液体媒体に気体を供給して液体媒体において所望の気体飽和レベルを得るために用いられてきた。気体飽和度とは、安定した平衡状態で液体媒体に溶解し得る気体の最大濃度に対する、液体媒体に溶解した気体の濃度の比率である。通気システムは、1つまたは複数のポンプを用いて液体(例えば、水)を再循環させて気体を液体に溶解させ得る。
本明細書において用いるように、「ナノバブル」という用語は、1マイクロメートル(μm)未満の直径を有する気泡を指す。ナノバブルよりも大きいマイクロバブルは、1μm以上50μm未満の直径を有する気泡である。マクロバブルは、50μm以上の直径を有する気泡である。
本開示は、所与の体積の液体担体(例えば、ある量の水)中にナノバブルを生成するための浸漬可能な通気デバイスを記載する。回転可能な透過可能部材の細孔を通して、酸素、窒素、または空気などの気体を流すことができ、回転可能な透過可能部材の回転によって生み出される液体の乱流閾値を超える乱流条件下で液体が気体をせん断してナノバブルを発生させ、液体を通気し得る。ナノバブルは1マイクロメートル(μm)未満の直径を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、ナノバブルは200ナノメートル(nm)以下の直径を有する。
Claims (18)
- 回転可能な軸を含むモータ;
壁と複数の細孔とを有する本体を含む、軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材であって、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材に導入された気体が、該複数の細孔を通って流れることができ、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、気体供給源から該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材へ気体を導入するように構成された吸気口に結合可能であり、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、該モータの回転可能な軸に結合されており、かつ、該回転可能な軸と共に回転するように適合されている、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材;および
細長い本体を含む回転可能な筒状支持体であって、
該細長い本体が、壁を有しかつ内部空洞を画定し、
該壁が、複数の穿孔を画定し、
該回転可能な筒状支持体の該内部空洞が、該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材を収容するように構成されており、
該回転可能な筒状支持体が、該モータの回転可能な軸に結合されてこれと共に回転可能であり、
回転するとき、該回転可能な筒状支持体は、該回転可能な筒状支持体の該内部空洞に液体を導入して回転可能な該透過可能部材の本体の外面から液体を遠ざけるように適合されており、
回転するとき、該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材は、該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材の外面からの気体を液体にせん断させる、液体における乱流閾値を超える乱流を模倣するように適合されており、これによって液体中にナノバブルを形成する、
該回転可能な筒状支持体
を含む、ある体積の液体中にナノバブルを生成するための装置。 - 軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、回転可能な筒状支持体内で同心円状に位置するように、該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が該回転可能な筒状支持体に結合されている、請求項1記載の装置。
- 回転可能な筒状支持体の穿孔が、円形、半円形、長方形、立方体、楕円形、三角形、またはスロット状である、請求項1または請求項2記載の装置。
- 台座および筐体をさらに含み、
該筐体が、第1端と該台座に結合された第2端との間に延在する外壁によって画定され、該外壁が、複数の穿孔を画定し、軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材および回転可能な筒状支持体が、該筐体内に配置されている、
請求項1~3のいずれか一項記載の装置。 - 筐体が、回転できないように台座に固定されている、請求項4記載の装置。
- 筐体内に配置されたインペラをさらに含み、
該インペラが、該筐体に出入りし軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材の表面から遠ざかる液体の流れを誘起するように適合されている、
請求項4または5記載の装置。 - 軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、液体の乱流閾値を超える乱流を模倣する大きさの外径によって画定される外周を有する、請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- 回転可能な透過可能部材の細孔が、200nm~50μmの範囲の直径を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- 回転可能な透過可能部材の細孔が、50μm以下の直径を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- ナノバブルが、500nm未満の平均直径を有する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- ナノバブルが、200nm未満の平均直径を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- ナノバブルが、約10nm~約500nmの範囲の平均直径を有する、請求項1~11のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- ナノバブルが、約75nm~約200nmの範囲の平均直径を有する、請求項1~12のいずれか一項記載の装置。
- 以下の工程を含む、請求項1~13のいずれか一項記載の装置を用いてある体積の液体中にナノバブルを生成するための方法:
該装置の少なくとも一部を液体に浸漬する工程;
軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材の複数の細孔に気体を強制的に通過させる気体圧力で、気体供給源から該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材に吸気口を通じて気体を導入する工程;ならびに
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材の外面からの気体を液体がせん断するように、回転可能な筒状支持体および該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材を回転させて液体における乱流閾値を超える乱流を模倣し、これによってナノバブルを形成する工程。 - 軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材に流入する気体の圧力が約1気圧~約10気圧である、請求項14記載の方法。
- 以下の工程を含む、水を処理するための方法:
請求項1~13のいずれか一項記載の装置を用いて、処理を必要とする水の供給源を含むある体積の液体中に分散したナノバブルを発生させる工程。 - 回転可能な軸を含むモータ;
壁と複数の細孔とを有する本体を含む、軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材であって、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材に導入された気体が、該複数の細孔を通って流れることができ、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、径方向に延在する少なくとも1つの部材をさらに含み、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、気体供給源から該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材へ気体を導入するように構成された吸気口に結合可能であり、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材が、該モータの回転可能な軸に結合されており、かつ、該回転可能な軸と共に回転するように適合されている、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材
を含み、
回転するとき、該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材は、
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材の本体の外面から液体を遠ざけるように、および
該軸方向に回転可能な透過可能部材の外面からの気体を液体にせん断させる、液体における乱流閾値を超える乱流を模倣するように
適合されており、これによって液体中にナノバブルを形成する、
ある体積の液体中にナノバブルを生成するための装置。 - 径方向に延在する前記部材が、1つまたは複数の翼、羽根、プロペラ、またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項17記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201962818573P | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | |
US62/818,573 | 2019-03-14 | ||
PCT/US2020/022689 WO2020186186A1 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2020-03-13 | A submersible nano-bubble generating device and method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2022525596A true JP2022525596A (ja) | 2022-05-18 |
Family
ID=72422908
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021555180A Pending JP2022525596A (ja) | 2019-03-14 | 2020-03-13 | 浸漬可能なナノバブル発生デバイスおよび方法 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11331633B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP4295943A3 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2022525596A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20210138688A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN113613765A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2020235650A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3133245A1 (ja) |
CL (2) | CL2021002383A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2972549T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2021011101A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL3938087T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020186186A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7503867B2 (ja) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-06-21 | 幸春 宮村 | 微細泡生成装置 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7049793B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-04-07 | 株式会社明治 | 微粒化装置 |
IL305263A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2023-10-01 | Moleaer Inc | produces nanobubbles |
MX2023014194A (es) * | 2021-06-01 | 2024-01-18 | Moleaer Inc | Metodo y aparato para producir gas hidrogeno en una celda electrolitica. |
US20230226502A1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-20 | Moleaer, Inc | Method and apparatus for producing chlorine gas in an electrolytic cell |
KR102564799B1 (ko) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-08-09 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | 기포 발생 장치 및 이를 포함하는 발효 탱크 |
CN115646938B (zh) * | 2022-11-19 | 2023-06-13 | 苏州智程半导体科技股份有限公司 | 利用具有膜包覆的纳米气泡强化兆声清洗硅片的方法 |
US20240252998A1 (en) * | 2023-01-27 | 2024-08-01 | Moleaer, Inc. | Generation of nano-bubbles in a liquid carrier |
CN116078197A (zh) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-05-09 | 清华大学 | 微纳米气泡产生装置 |
USD1015057S1 (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2024-02-20 | Shenzhen Xuzhong Technology Co., Ltd | Fruit and vegetable machine |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0713839Y2 (ja) * | 1991-06-24 | 1995-04-05 | 有限会社山下製作所 | 曝気装置 |
JPH08252443A (ja) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-10-01 | Hanshin Doryoku Kikai Kk | 水中撹拌装置 |
JPH0924262A (ja) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-28 | Motoda Electron Co Ltd | 気液混合装置 |
JP2000271590A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-03 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 曝気装置 |
WO2001045830A1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | University Of Leeds | Rotating membrane |
WO2010095594A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | 有限会社中島工業 | 超微細気泡発生装置 |
JP2010247005A (ja) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-11-04 | Shibaura Mechatronics Corp | 微小気泡発生装置及び微小気泡発生方法 |
JP2016137454A (ja) * | 2015-01-28 | 2016-08-04 | 日新技研株式会社 | 気液混合装置および微細気泡混合液の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (72)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3545731A (en) | 1966-11-08 | 1970-12-08 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Apparatus for producing bubbles of very small,microscopic size |
FR2206985B1 (ja) | 1972-11-22 | 1977-04-22 | Saint Gobain Techn Nouvelles | |
US4229389A (en) * | 1979-03-16 | 1980-10-21 | Thompson Marine Corporation | Gas diffuser, aerator, or sparger apparatus |
EP0157594A2 (en) | 1984-03-27 | 1985-10-09 | General Foods Corporation | A process for aerating an emulsion |
JPH01194994A (ja) | 1988-01-29 | 1989-08-04 | Ise Kagaku Kogyo Kk | オゾン水の製造方法 |
US5151187A (en) | 1991-11-19 | 1992-09-29 | Zenon Environmental, Inc. | Membrane bioreactor system with in-line gas micronizer |
US5675153A (en) | 1993-10-06 | 1997-10-07 | Snowball; Malcolm Robert | UV apparatus for fluid treatment |
US5415891A (en) | 1994-01-10 | 1995-05-16 | Media And Process Technology Inc. | Method for forming metal-oxide-modified porous ceramic membranes |
US5674433A (en) | 1995-08-24 | 1997-10-07 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | High efficiency microbubble aeration |
US6702949B2 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2004-03-09 | Microdiffusion, Inc. | Diffuser/emulsifier for aquaculture applications |
US6193221B1 (en) | 1998-04-10 | 2001-02-27 | Grt, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for producing sub-micron bubbles in liquids, slurries, and sludges |
US6328854B1 (en) | 1998-04-10 | 2001-12-11 | Grt, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing methanol |
DE19823839A1 (de) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-12-09 | Franz Durst | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mischen und Dispergieren mindestens zweier Phasen |
US6398194B1 (en) | 1999-11-29 | 2002-06-04 | Tsung-Hsin Tsai | Water pressure-type aeration device |
US20010022755A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-09-20 | Holtzapple Mark T. | Mixer system and method |
JP4505560B2 (ja) | 2003-12-15 | 2010-07-21 | 宮崎県 | 単分散気泡の生成方法 |
JP4144669B2 (ja) | 2004-03-05 | 2008-09-03 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | ナノバブルの製造方法 |
KR100583430B1 (ko) | 2004-03-08 | 2006-05-24 | 양경숙 | 차륜 가변형 스쿠터 |
DE102004040735B4 (de) | 2004-08-23 | 2006-11-23 | ETH-Zürich, Institut für Lebensmittelwissenschaft, Laboratorium für Lebensmittelverfahrenstechnik | Verfahren zur mechanisch schonenden Erzeugung von fein dispersen Mikro-/Nano-Emulsionen mit enger Tropfengrößenverteilung und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens |
JP3893402B2 (ja) | 2005-03-04 | 2007-03-14 | シャープ株式会社 | 排ガス排水処理装置および排ガス排水処理方法 |
JP4222572B2 (ja) | 2005-09-23 | 2009-02-12 | 貞利 渡部 | ナノ流体生成装置および洗浄処理装置 |
US7496692B2 (en) | 2005-10-18 | 2009-02-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Validating chip configuration data |
CA2653001C (en) | 2006-05-23 | 2011-02-15 | Hideyasu Tsuji | Fine bubble generating apparatus |
JP4184390B2 (ja) | 2006-06-07 | 2008-11-19 | シャープ株式会社 | 冷却装置 |
MY149295A (en) | 2006-07-17 | 2013-08-30 | Nestec Sa | Cylindrical membrane apparatus for forming foam |
US8906241B2 (en) | 2006-09-07 | 2014-12-09 | Kerfoot Technologies, Inc. | Enhanced reactive ozone |
CN102688709A (zh) | 2006-10-17 | 2012-09-26 | 金强 | 高速旋回式气液混合型微纳米泡沫发生装置 |
EP3170401B1 (en) | 2006-10-25 | 2019-06-05 | Revalesio Corporation | Ionic aqueous fluid composition containing oxygen microbubbles |
US8445546B2 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2013-05-21 | Revalesio Corporation | Electrokinetically-altered fluids comprising charge-stabilized gas-containing nanostructures |
JP5252409B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-08 | 2013-07-31 | 株式会社横田製作所 | 微細気泡発生装置 |
JP5223145B2 (ja) | 2006-11-22 | 2013-06-26 | 海水化学工業株式会社 | 構築物の冷却・冷房方法 |
US9416329B2 (en) | 2006-12-11 | 2016-08-16 | Opt Creation, Inc. | Apparatus and process for production of nanobubble liquid |
JP5067802B2 (ja) | 2006-12-28 | 2012-11-07 | シャープ株式会社 | プラズマ発生装置、ラジカル生成方法および洗浄浄化装置 |
US8016041B2 (en) | 2007-03-28 | 2011-09-13 | Kerfoot William B | Treatment for recycling fracture water gas and oil recovery in shale deposits |
WO2009070320A1 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-06-04 | Total Separation Solutions, Llc | Method of making drilling fluids containing microbubbles |
US20090188721A1 (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2009-07-30 | Smith Kevin W | Membrane method of making drilling fluids containing microbubbles |
JP5885376B2 (ja) | 2008-07-30 | 2016-03-15 | 株式会社西研デバイズ | 超微細気泡発生装置 |
US8974770B2 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2015-03-10 | Chung Yuan Christian University | Method for forming nano-bubble |
JP5261124B2 (ja) | 2008-10-10 | 2013-08-14 | シャープ株式会社 | ナノバブル含有液体製造装置及びナノバブル含有液体製造方法 |
JP2011088050A (ja) | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-06 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | 生物活性水、生物活性水製造装置、生物活性化方法 |
JP4563496B1 (ja) | 2009-10-22 | 2010-10-13 | 株式会社H&S | 微細気泡発生装置 |
JP4803508B2 (ja) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-10-26 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 連続相中に分散相が微分散した組成物の製造方法およびその装置 |
US8678354B2 (en) | 2010-04-02 | 2014-03-25 | William B Kerfoot | Nano-bubble generator and treatments |
US8888736B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2014-11-18 | H R D Corporation | High shear application in medical therapy |
US8500104B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2013-08-06 | James Richard Spears | Pressurized liquid stream with dissolved gas |
DE102010046989B4 (de) | 2010-09-30 | 2015-07-30 | Sartorius Stedim Biotech Gmbh | Begasungsvorrichtung für Bioreaktoren |
KR101123136B1 (ko) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-03-20 | 주식회사 지케이옥시 | 액체 중에서 미세기포를 발생시키는 방법 및 그 방법에 적합한 미세기포의 발생기 |
US9512041B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2016-12-06 | General Electric Company | Ceramic membranes |
KR101068579B1 (ko) | 2011-07-15 | 2011-09-30 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 세라믹 분리막을 이용한 폭기 배출 교대식 하폐수처리장치 및 방법 |
JP2013034958A (ja) | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-21 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | ナノバブルの製造装置 |
JP5818590B2 (ja) | 2011-09-09 | 2015-11-18 | 株式会社東芝 | 微細気泡形成装置 |
JP2013135834A (ja) | 2011-10-24 | 2013-07-11 | Mg Grow Up:Kk | 陳列台 |
US20130140246A1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | Malcolm Fabiyi | Method and system for enhancing mass transfer in aeration/oxygenation systems |
US20140191425A1 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2014-07-10 | Panasonic Corporation | System and method for generating nanobubbles |
CN102569976B (zh) | 2012-03-13 | 2014-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种谐振管及其制造方法、腔体滤波器 |
EP2902014B1 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2019-03-06 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Process for producing solid particles |
EP2928612A1 (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2015-10-14 | Advanced Water Recovery LLC | Dissolved air flotation, antisolvent crystallisation and membrane separation for separating buoyant materials and salts from water |
US9107711B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2015-08-18 | Stryker Trauma Sa | Screw thread with flattened peaks |
US9393532B2 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2016-07-19 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Swept membrane emulsification |
US20140238936A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2014-08-28 | Genesys International Limited | Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane cleaning |
JP6446378B2 (ja) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-12-26 | ヨーナス・ヘドルンド | 多孔性基板上にゼオライトおよび/またはゼオライト様結晶の結晶膜を製造するための方法 |
GB2514202A (en) | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-19 | Nano Tech Inc Ltd | Micro-nanobubble generation systems |
KR20160067909A (ko) | 2013-10-03 | 2016-06-14 | 이비이디 홀딩스 아이엔씨. | 나노버블 함유 액체 용액 |
US9828258B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2017-11-28 | Terra-Hydrochem, Inc. | Method for treatment of drill cuttings |
EP3188849B1 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2022-02-16 | Tennant Company | Systems and methods for supplying treatment liquids having nanobubbles |
KR101632021B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-06-24 | 주식회사 동부환경 | 기포 용해 장치 |
CN204454721U (zh) | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-08 | 上海自来水投资建设有限公司 | 一种臭氧催化溶气释放器 |
CN104888636A (zh) | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 微纳米气泡发生装置和污水净化系统 |
JP6146928B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-06-14 | エム・テクニック株式会社 | 微小気泡発生装置、微小気泡発生方法及びそれを用いた気液反応方法 |
US9527046B1 (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-12-27 | Cliffton Lee Roe | System and method for stably infusing gas into liquid, and methods of using the gas infused liquid |
KR102442879B1 (ko) | 2016-03-11 | 2022-09-14 | 몰레에르, 인크 | 액체 캐리어에 나노-버블을 함유하는 조성물 |
US10624841B2 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2020-04-21 | Nanobubbling, Llc | Nanobubbler |
-
2020
- 2020-03-13 PL PL20770265.5T patent/PL3938087T3/pl unknown
- 2020-03-13 JP JP2021555180A patent/JP2022525596A/ja active Pending
- 2020-03-13 EP EP23208793.2A patent/EP4295943A3/en active Pending
- 2020-03-13 ES ES20770265T patent/ES2972549T3/es active Active
- 2020-03-13 AU AU2020235650A patent/AU2020235650A1/en active Pending
- 2020-03-13 US US16/818,217 patent/US11331633B2/en active Active
- 2020-03-13 EP EP20770265.5A patent/EP3938087B1/en active Active
- 2020-03-13 KR KR1020217033029A patent/KR20210138688A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-03-13 CN CN202080020781.4A patent/CN113613765A/zh active Pending
- 2020-03-13 CA CA3133245A patent/CA3133245A1/en active Pending
- 2020-03-13 MX MX2021011101A patent/MX2021011101A/es unknown
- 2020-03-13 WO PCT/US2020/022689 patent/WO2020186186A1/en active Application Filing
-
2021
- 2021-09-13 CL CL2021002383A patent/CL2021002383A1/es unknown
-
2023
- 2023-07-31 CL CL2023002253A patent/CL2023002253A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0713839Y2 (ja) * | 1991-06-24 | 1995-04-05 | 有限会社山下製作所 | 曝気装置 |
JPH08252443A (ja) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-10-01 | Hanshin Doryoku Kikai Kk | 水中撹拌装置 |
JPH0924262A (ja) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-28 | Motoda Electron Co Ltd | 気液混合装置 |
JP2000271590A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-03 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 曝気装置 |
WO2001045830A1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | University Of Leeds | Rotating membrane |
WO2010095594A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | 有限会社中島工業 | 超微細気泡発生装置 |
JP2010247005A (ja) * | 2009-04-10 | 2010-11-04 | Shibaura Mechatronics Corp | 微小気泡発生装置及び微小気泡発生方法 |
JP2016137454A (ja) * | 2015-01-28 | 2016-08-04 | 日新技研株式会社 | 気液混合装置および微細気泡混合液の製造方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7503867B2 (ja) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-06-21 | 幸春 宮村 | 微細泡生成装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4295943A2 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
WO2020186186A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
EP4295943A3 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
CL2023002253A1 (es) | 2024-02-23 |
AU2020235650A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
EP3938087A4 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
ES2972549T3 (es) | 2024-06-13 |
EP3938087C0 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
EP3938087B1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
EP3938087A1 (en) | 2022-01-19 |
CA3133245A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
CL2021002383A1 (es) | 2022-06-03 |
US20200289992A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
PL3938087T3 (pl) | 2024-05-06 |
US11331633B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
KR20210138688A (ko) | 2021-11-19 |
MX2021011101A (es) | 2021-10-22 |
CN113613765A (zh) | 2021-11-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP2022525596A (ja) | 浸漬可能なナノバブル発生デバイスおよび方法 | |
US3969446A (en) | Apparatus and method for aerating liquids | |
US6702949B2 (en) | Diffuser/emulsifier for aquaculture applications | |
US7862302B2 (en) | Fluid circulation system | |
KR20140020592A (ko) | 풍력을 이용한 녹조 방지 및 수질개선용 폭기장치 | |
US20060151385A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for aeration of a fluid | |
JP5652758B2 (ja) | ポンプエアレ−ション装置 | |
JP2002052330A (ja) | 気液供給装置 | |
JP2012125690A (ja) | 貫流ポンプエアレ−ション装置 | |
JP2012005947A5 (ja) | ||
KR20230170741A (ko) | 미세 기포 발생 방법 및 발생 장치 | |
US8172206B2 (en) | System for forming mini microbubbles | |
US7651075B2 (en) | Bubble generator | |
JP2006082072A (ja) | 微細気泡発生装置および汚濁水浄化装置並びに汚濁水の浄化方法 | |
US9457327B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for treatment and purification of liquid through aeration | |
US20120230145A1 (en) | Low-turbulent aerator and aeration method | |
CA2919280A1 (en) | Rotary gas bubble ejector | |
US8740193B2 (en) | System for forming mini microbubbles | |
CA2733861C (en) | Low-turbulent aerator and aeration method | |
AU2004287890B2 (en) | Fluid circulation system | |
JPH08267085A (ja) | 曝気装置 | |
AU2014250693A1 (en) | Method and Apparatus for Improving Oxygenation in Water |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20230113 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20230705 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20230725 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20230807 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20231102 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20231121 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20240118 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20240417 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20241001 |