JP2021501998A - Icおよびアンテナを含むrfidタグおよびrfidタグを製造するための方法、 - Google Patents

Icおよびアンテナを含むrfidタグおよびrfidタグを製造するための方法、 Download PDF

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JP2021501998A
JP2021501998A JP2020524445A JP2020524445A JP2021501998A JP 2021501998 A JP2021501998 A JP 2021501998A JP 2020524445 A JP2020524445 A JP 2020524445A JP 2020524445 A JP2020524445 A JP 2020524445A JP 2021501998 A JP2021501998 A JP 2021501998A
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antenna
hot melt
melt adhesive
rfid tags
heating
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JP7341134B2 (ja
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フータサロ、ラウリ
ハロネン、エーリク
イコネン、ユハ
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ストラ エンソ オーワイジェイ
ストラ エンソ オーワイジェイ
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    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/0775Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for connecting the integrated circuit to the antenna
    • G06K19/07754Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for connecting the integrated circuit to the antenna the connection being galvanic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
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    • G06K19/0723Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
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    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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    • H01Q1/2208Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems

Abstract

ICおよびアンテナを含むRFIDタグを製造する方法を提供する。この方法は、はんだ付け材料で作られたアンテナを提供するステップを含み、このアンテナは、少なくとも部分的に固形のホットメルト接着材で覆われている。アンテナをその融点より高い温度に加熱し、アンテナの加熱部分およびホットメルト接着材が溶融し、ICをアンテナに接続するのに適した所定の位置にICを配置する。ICとアンテナとの間の電気的接続が確立されるように、ICとアンテナを一緒に押圧する。そして、ICとアンテナとの間のはんだ接合がなされ、ホットメルト接着材がICとアンテナとの間の接合部を被せるように、RFIDタグを冷却してホットメルト接着材とアンテナが固化する。

Description

本発明は、ICおよびアンテナを備えるRFIDタグを製造する方法に関する。また、ICおよびアンテナを備えるRFIDタグに関する。
本明細書では、「ホットメルト接着材」(HMA:Hot Melt Adhesive(又はホットメルト接着剤:Hot Melt Glue))という表現をしばしば用いる。本明細書では、この表現は特定の融点を持つ熱可塑性材料を意味する。
さらに、RFID(Radio Frequency Identification:無線周波数識別)タグという表現も用いる。RFIDタグは、無線周波数識別システムで識別される対象物に取り付けるために使用されるタグである。RFIDタグは、IC(Integrated Circuit:集積回路)であるRFIDチップを備える。
また、IC(Integrated Circuit)という表現も用いる。本願明細書では、RFIDタグの一部であるRFIDチップと同じである。RFIDタグにおいては、ICがアンテナに電気的に接続されている。
RFIDタグは集積回路(IC)とアンテナを含む。ICはアンテナに電気的に接続される。今日の技術では、ICは、等方性導電性接着材(ICA:Isotropically Conductive Adhesive)または異方性導電性接着材(ACA:Anisotropically Conductive Adhesive)でアンテナに接続される。この方法で製造されたRFIDタグは、高価な導電性接着材と、圧力、温度、時間を含む硬化プロセスとの使用が必要とされる。硬化プロセスは、各タグに個別の圧力要素を行う必要がある。これらの接着材は輸送に敏感で、通常はコールドチェーン(Cold Chain)が必要である。アンテナへの分配は、正確に制御する必要があるプロセスであり、加熱されたものを用いて、硬化させるためには、通常は6から10秒の時間が必要である。これらのタイプの接着材は、多くの場合、寿命も限られている。さらに、これらのタイプの接着材の多くは、環境負荷上または食品接触上承認されていない化学物質(たとえば、ビスフェノールAを含むエポキシ)も含んでいる。
国際公開第2008/006941号
本発明の目的は、RFIDタグおよびRFIDタグを製造するための方法を提供することであり、新規な手法でICがアンテナに接続される。本発明の方法およびRFIDタグは、上述の問題を解決する。
本発明によれば、RFIDタグの製造方法は、
はんだ付け材料で作られた前記アンテナを提供するステップであって、前記アンテナは、少なくとも部分的に固形のホットメルト接着材で覆われている、前記アンテナを提供するステップと、
前記アンテナをその融点より高い温度に加熱ステップであって、前記アンテナの加熱部分とホットメルト接着材が溶ける、前記アンテナを加熱するステップと、
前記アンテナに接続するために、適した所定の位置に前記ICを配置するステップと、
前記ICと前記アンテナとの間の電気的接続が確立するように前記アンテナと前記ICとを一緒に押圧するステップと、
前記ホットメルト接着材と前記アンテナとが固化するように前記RFIDタグを冷却するステップであって、前記ICと前記アンテナと間のはんだ接合がなされて、前記ICと前記アンテナとの間の前記はんだ接合は前記ホットメルト接着材が被されている、前記冷却するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする。
本発明によれば、RFIDタグは、
前記アンテナは、はんだ付け材料で作られ、前記ICは、前記アンテナにはんだ付けされており、
前記ICと前記アンテナとは、固形のホットメルト接着材で被せられたはんだ接点で接続されていることを特徴とする。
以下では、本発明がより詳細に説明され、IC(RFIDチップ)が、RFIDタグのアンテナに新規な発明の方法で接続される。
本発明によれば、ICのアンテナへの取り付けは、はんだ付けおよびホットメルト接着材(HMA)を用いて行われる。はんだ付けは電気的およびある程度の機械的接続を提供し、HMAは更なる機械的接続と強度を提供する。したがって、ホットメルト接着材は導電性である必要はない。
本発明によるアンテナは、はんだ付け材料、すなわち金属合金でできており、好ましいアンテナ材料は、スズ−ビスマス、Sn63Bi37である。これらのアンテナの製造プロセスは、WO2008/006941に詳細に記載されている。アンテナは、固形のホットメルト接着材(HMA)で覆われている。HMAは、最初にHMAを加熱しHMAが溶融することによってアンテナに塗布される。その後、HMAはコーティング、押し出し、印刷、スプレー、またはアンテナにHMAの層を堆積できるような他の手法により塗布される。一実施形態では、HMAは、IC取り付けステップ(以下参照)の前にアンテナに塗布される。別の実施形態では、HMAは、アンテナ製造プロセスの前にアンテナに塗布される。アンテナ上のHMA層の厚さは、IC、つまりRFIDチップの厚さに依存する。ICの厚さが75から120マイクロメートルの範囲で、ICをHMAに押圧した場合、最小でもHMAはチップとアンテナの間のギャップを埋める必要があり、最大ではチップの上に乗らないようにする必要がある。平均的には推奨される厚さは約5から50マイクロメートルである。
適切なホットメルト接着材の例は、PO(ポリオレフィン・ベースのホットメルト接着材:polyolefin−based hot melt adhesive)とEVA(エチレン・ビニル・アセテート・ホットメルト接着材:Ethylene−vinyl acetate hot melt adhesive)である。ただし、当業者は、他の同様のHMAも使用できることを理解できるであろう。
アンテナは、HMAが塗布された状態で加熱工程に送られ、そこでアンテナ材料が柔らかくなり、部分的に溶融し、HMAが溶融して粘着性と液体状になる。好ましいアンテナ金属合金は、138℃から溶融し始め、183℃で完全に液体となる。このアンテナの推奨温度範囲は約140から170度である。ただし、最適な温度は、HMA溶融温度にも注意する必要があり、熱可塑性材料の選択によっても異なる場合がある。加熱は、オーブン、IR加熱、レーザー、加熱プレートなど、ICを配置する予定の位置で目的の温度(アンテナとHMAの両方が溶融する温度)に達するように、さまざまな方法で実行できる。
RFIDチップ、つまりICは、バンプ、接続パッド、またはアンテナを所定の位置に配置されうる同様のものを有する。
次に、IC(バンプ、パッドなど)が、溶融したHMAを通じてソフトアンテナに入るように、ICがソフトアンテナに押圧される。ここで、ICとアンテナとの間の電気的接続が確立される。溶融したHMAは、液体の形で、ICとアンテナの間の接合部に被さる。
IC取り付けステップの後、周囲の空気がRFIDタグを冷却し、HMAとはんだ付け材料が固化する。固化したHMAは、ICとアンテナの間のはんだ接合部に更なる機械的強度を与える。強制冷却の必要はない。
従来のRFIDタグ製造と比較した本発明のいくつかの利点は、以下である。
・タグあたりの硬化時間が短い。
・接着材の塗布方法や設備が安価である。HMAは高速でコーティングまたは印刷されるが、ICPまたはACPは、洗練された高価で低速の装置を使用して投与または噴射される。
・低コストの材料の使用を可能にする。
・RFIDタグのコストの削減。
・より少ないプロセスステップ。
・ホットメルト接着材は、溶剤ベースの接着材に比べていくつかの利点がある。揮発性有機化合物が減少または排除され、乾燥または硬化工程が排除される。ホットメルト接着材は保存期間が長く、通常は特別な注意なしに廃棄できる。HMAは固化中に厚みを失うことはなく、溶剤ベースの接着材は、乾燥中に層厚の最大50から70%を失う可能性がある。さらに、HMAはより環境にやさしく、食品への直接的接触を間接的に受け入れることができる。
上述したように、本発明のいくつかの特定の実施形態に基づいて説明した。ここで、当業者であれば、別紙の特許請求の範囲内で他の実施形態および変形が可能であることを理解できる。たとえば、アンテナは、それぞれ別の融点を持つ個別の金属合金で構成できるので、望ましい加熱温度は、この構成に依存する。
さらに、アンテナのすべての部分が固相のHMAで覆われている必要はない。ICと接触する(アンテナの)部分にHMAを塗布すれば十分である。
さらに、加熱プロセスは、ICがアンテナ上の所定の位置に配置される前、後、または同時に実行することができる。
別の実施形態では、HMAは、ICの底部、すなわち、アンテナに接するICの面に塗布される。この実施形態では、ICがアンテナ上のその位置に配置される前または後に加熱プロセスが実行される。

Claims (9)

  1. ICおよびアンテナを含むRFIDタグを製造する方法において、
    はんだ付け材料で作られた前記アンテナを提供するステップであって、前記アンテナは、少なくとも部分的に固形のホットメルト接着材で覆われている、前記アンテナを提供するステップと、
    前記アンテナをその融点より高い温度に加熱ステップであって、前記アンテナの加熱部分とホットメルト接着材が溶ける、前記アンテナを加熱するステップと、
    前記アンテナに接続するために、適した所定の位置に前記ICを配置するステップと、
    前記ICと前記アンテナとの間の電気的接続が確立するように前記アンテナと前記ICとを一緒に押圧するステップと、
    前記ホットメルト接着材と前記アンテナとが固化するように前記RFIDタグを冷却するステップであって、前記ICと前記アンテナと間のはんだ接合がなされて、前記ICと前記アンテナとの間の前記はんだ接合は前記ホットメルト接着材が被されている、前記冷却するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする方法。
  2. 前記ICを配置するステップの前に、前記加熱するステップが実行されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
  3. 前記ICを配置するステップは、前記加熱するステップの前に実行されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
  4. 前記ICを配置するステップは、前記加熱するステップと同時に実行されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
  5. 前記アンテナに接するICの面が、前記アンテナを除いて、固形のホットメルト接着材で覆われることを特徴とする、請求項1、3または4に記載の方法。
  6. 前記アンテナを提供するステップにおいて、前記アンテナがスズビスマスで作られることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
  7. 前記ホットメルト接着材が、POまたはEVAホットメルト接着材であることを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
  8. ICとアンテナとを備えたRFIDタグにおいて、
    前記アンテナは、はんだ付け材料で作られ、前記ICは、前記アンテナにはんだ付けされており、
    前記ICと前記アンテナとは、固形のホットメルト接着材で被せられたはんだ接点で接続されていることを特徴とする、RFIDタグ。
  9. 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法により得られることを特徴とする、RFIDタグ。
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