JP2021138963A - ゲル高分子電解質、ゲル高分子電解質の製造方法およびこれを含むエレクトロクロミック素子 - Google Patents
ゲル高分子電解質、ゲル高分子電解質の製造方法およびこれを含むエレクトロクロミック素子 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
原子ラジカル移動重合(Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization、ATRP)用開始剤を製造するために、ポリエチレングリコールの末端ヒドロキシ(mPEG−OH)1当量に対してトリエチルアミン(TEA)3当量と2−ブロモイソブチリルブロマイド2当量を入れて反応させる。不純物を除去するために、反応物をジエチルエーテル溶媒に溶解して沈殿物を回収し、これを2回繰り返した後に乾燥させた。
製造例1と同じ方式で開始剤を製造した。製造した開始剤64重量部をエタノールに溶かし、メチルメタクリレート29.75重量部、ポリエチレングリコール−アクリレート1.75重量部およびヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート3.5重量部を投入したことを除いて、製造例1と同一にブロック共重合体を製造した。製造されたブロック共重合体(GP2)のブロック重量比(第1ブロック:第2ブロック)は、65:35であることが確認された。
製造例1と同じ方式で開始剤を製造した。製造した開始剤79重量部をエタノールに溶かし、メチルメタクリレート17重量部、ポリエチレングリコール−アクリレート1重量部およびヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート2重量部を投入したことを除いて、製造例1と同一にブロック共重合体を製造した。製造されたブロック共重合体(GP3)のブロック重量比(第1ブロック:第2ブロック)は、80:20であることが確認された。
製造例1と同じ方式で開始剤を製造した。製造した開始剤49重量部をエタノールに溶かし、メチルメタクリレート43.5重量部、N、N−ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート2.5重量部およびヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート4重量部を投入したことを除いて、製造例1と同一にブロック共重合体を製造した。製造されたブロック共重合体(GP4)のブロック重量比(第1ブロック:第2ブロック)は、50:50であることが確認された。
製造例1と同じ方式で開始剤を製造し、製造した開始剤49重量部をエタノールに溶かし、メチルメタクリレート46重量部およびヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート4重量部を投入したことを除いて、製造例1と同じ方式でブロック共重合体を製造した。製造されたブロック共重合体(GP5)のブロック重量比(第1ブロック:第2ブロック)は、50:50であることが確認された。
試薬メーカー(Sigma Aldrich社)から購入したポリエチレングリコール−アクリレート2重量部とメチルメタクリレート43.5重量部、およびヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート4.5重量部を投入する。ゴム膜でフラスコをシールし、常温で撹拌させながら30分間窒素をバブリングし、溶存酸素を除去する。以後、フラスコを60℃のオイルバスに浸漬して触媒溶液および触媒還元剤を投入し、24時間反応を進めた。ATRPの触媒としては、臭化銅(CuBr2)100ppmと、銅対比2当量のトリス(2−ピリジルメチル)アミン(TPMA)をアセトニトリル(CAN)に溶解して使用した。触媒還元剤としては、2、2’−アゾビス(2、4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)(V−65)を6当量(Cu対比)使用した。
〔コーティング液の製造〕
製造例1で製造されたブロック共重合体(GP1)1.0g、ポリプロピレングリコール1.0g、プロピレンカーボネートに溶解させたLiClO4 4g、ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート0.2gおよびラジカル開始剤(Irgacure 819、チバ社製品)0.3gの混合液をホモジナイザーを利用してよく混ざるように600rpmで3時間以上混合する。以後、溶液に生成された気泡を除去するために、容器の蓋をそっと開いて3時間放置する。すべての過程は、UVが遮断されるイエロールームの状態で進める。
前記コーティング液を離型フィルムの間に一定量塗布した後、フィルムを覆う。以後、ベーカーアプリケーター(Bakers applicator)を利用して均一な厚さで作る。UV硬化装置に入れて1分間硬化させると、フリースタンディングフィルム状態の高分子電解質を得ることができる。形成された高分子電解質の透過度、濁度、イオン伝導度などを測定した。
ITOフィルム上にWO3とPBのようなエレクトロクロミック層を用意した後、離型フィルム上に均一な厚さで硬化している高分子電解質フィルムをエレクトロクロミック層上にラミネートして、両側にエレクトロクロミック層をサンドイッチ形態で接合した。印加電圧による素子の性能を測定した。
コーティング液の製造時に各成分および比率を下記表1のように調節したことを除いて、実施例1と同一にゲル高分子電解質を製造した。
製造された共重合体のブロック比および分子量を下記方法によって評価して、下記表2に示した。
離型フィルムに前記実施例1〜5および比較例1〜3のゲル高分子電解質組成物を一定の厚さで塗布した後、UV硬化することにより、ゲル高分子電解質フィルムを製造した。製造された高分子電解質フィルムの物性を評価して、表3に示した。
11、31 透明電極
12 エレクトロクロミック層
20 ゲルポリマー電解質層
32 イオン貯蔵層
Claims (13)
- 化学式2でBは、炭素数1〜32のアルキルである、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 前記第2ブロックは、架橋性官能基を有する単量体をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 前記ブロック共重合体は、第1ブロック100重量部に対して第2ブロック10〜500重量部を含む、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- グリコール系オリゴマーをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 前記グリコール系オリゴマーは、ポリプロピレングリコール系オリゴマー、ポリエチレングリコール系オリゴマー、ポリエチレンイミン系オリゴマーおよびアニリン系オリゴマーのうち1種以上のオリゴマーである、請求項6に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- LiF、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiClO3、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlO4、LiAlCl4、LiNO3、LiN(CN)2、LiPF6、Li(CF3)2PF4、Li(CF3)3PF3、Li(CF3)4PF2、Li(CF3)5PF、Li(CF3)6P、LiSO3CF3、LiSO3C4F9、LiSO3(CF2)7CF3、LiN(SO2CF3)2、LiN(SO2CaF2a+1)(SO2CbF2b+1)(但し、aおよびbは自然数である)、LiOC(CF3)2CF2CF3、LiCO2CF3、LiCO2CH3、LiSCN、LiB(C2O4)2、LiBF2(C2O4)およびLiBF4よりなる群から選択された一つ以上のリチウム塩をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 極性溶媒をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 前記極性溶媒は、カーボネート系化合物、エーテル系化合物およびエステル系化合物のうち1種以上である、請求項9に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 多官能性(メタ)アクリレートをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質。
- 第1電極と、エレクトロクロミック層と、請求項1に記載のゲル高分子電解質と、イオン貯蔵層と、第2電極とを含むエレクトロクロミック素子。
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