JP2020534402A - フルオロポリマー分散体、フルオロポリマー分散体を製造するための方法、触媒インク及びポリマー電解質膜 - Google Patents
フルオロポリマー分散体、フルオロポリマー分散体を製造するための方法、触媒インク及びポリマー電解質膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2017年9月14日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/558,671号及び同第62/558,655号、並びに2018年9月13日に出願された同第62/730,648号の優先権を主張し、これらの開示は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
「1つの(a)」、「1つの(an)」及び「その(the)」などの用語は、単数の実体のみを指すことを意図するものではなく、具体例を例示するために用いることができる一般的な種類を含む。「1つの(a)」、「1つの(an)」及び「その(the)」などの用語は、「少なくとも1つの」という用語と互換可能に使用される。
第1の実施形態では、本開示は、
水、及びコポリマーを含むフルオロポリマー分散体であって、
コポリマーが、
式−[CF2−CF2]−で表される二価の単位と、
独立して式
独立して式
フルオロポリマー分散体が、分散体の総重量を基準として少なくとも10重量%のコポリマーを含み、コポリマーが、600〜2000の範囲の−SO3Z当量重量を有し、−SO3Zが−SO2Fで置き換えられているコポリマーの変形体が、10分当たり最大80グラムの、265℃の温度及び5kgの支持重量で測定されるメルトフローインデックスを有する、フルオロポリマー分散体を提供する。
水と、有機溶媒と、構成成分の総重量を基準として少なくとも10重量%のコポリマーとを含む構成成分を組み合わせることであって、コポリマーが、
式−[CF2−CF2]−で表される二価の単位と、
独立して式
独立して式
コポリマーが600〜2000の範囲の−SO3Z当量重量を有する、組み合わせること、並びに、
構成成分を、周囲圧力及び100℃未満の温度で混合して、フルオロポリマー分散体を製造することを含む、方法を提供する。
固形分含有量は、分散体の試料を加熱した天秤に置き、溶媒の蒸発の前後で質量を記録することによって、重量測定により決定した。固形分含有量は、試料の初期質量と継続的な加熱によって質量が更に減少しなかった時点の試料の質量の比であった。
TFEと、スルホニルフルオリドモノマー(M2)と、ビニルエーテル又はアリルエーテルモノマー(M3)とのコポリマーのEWは、以下の式によって計算することができる。
19F−NMRスペクトルを使用して、精製したポリマーの組成を決定した。5mm広帯域プローブを有する、Bruker、Billerica、MA、USAから、商品名AVANCE II 300で入手可能なNMR分光計を使用した。約13重量%のポリマー分散体の試料を、60℃において測定した。
フーリエ変換赤外分光法(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy、FT−IR)測定を使用して、コポリマー中のC原子106個当たりのカルボキシル末端基の数を決定することができる。測定は、FT−IRによって、透過法で実行した。測定した試料は、100μmのフィルム厚さを有する。対象のCOOHピークの波数は、1776cm−1及び1807cm−1である。C(O)Fピークの波数は、1885cm−1である。(C(O)Fはカルボキシル基に変換されることになる。)ポリマーのカルボキシル(C(O)F)末端基の量を定量するために、2つのIRスペクトルを取得した。1つはカルボキシル含有試料から取得し、1つは基準試料(カルボキシル基を有しない)から取得した。
(ピーク高さ×F1)/フィルム厚さ[mm] (1)
(ピーク高さ×F2)/フィルム厚さ[mm] (2)
(ピーク高さ×F3)/フィルム厚さ[mm] (3)
ここで、
F1:基準スペクトルに関して計算された因子であり、υ=1776cm−1
F2:基準スペクトルに関して計算された因子であり、υ=1807cm−1
F3:基準スペクトルに関して計算された因子であり、υ=1885cm−1
等式1〜3による結果の合計から、炭素原子106個当たりのカルボキシル末端基の数が得られる。
粒子サイズの決定は、ISO 13321(1996)に準拠した動的光散乱法によって実行した。分析については、532nmで動作する50mWレーザーを装備した、Malvern Instruments Ltd、Malvern、Worcestershire、UKから入手可能な、Zeta Sizer Nano ZSを使用した。1mLの体積の試料を載置するために、円形開口部及びキャップを有する、12mm平方のガラス製キュベット(PCS 8501、Malvern Instruments Ltdから入手可能)を使用した。界面活性剤の光散乱は、より大きい粒子、例えばダスト粒子の存在に対して極端に感受性が強いため、測定の前にキュベットを十分に洗浄することで、汚染物質の存在を最小化した。キュベットは、キュベット洗浄デバイス内で8時間、蒸留したばかりのアセトンを用いて洗浄した。また、実験室遠心分離機において14,500G(142,196N/kg)で10分、測定前に界面活性剤溶液を遠心分離することによって、試料に対してダスト統制(dust discipline)を適用した。25℃において、173°後方散乱モードで測定デバイスを動作させた。研究ツール(この研究ツールは、供給業者が提供した標準的計器のソフトウェアアップグレードである)によって、t<1−6秒の低い相関時間が可能となった。試料体積の完全な散乱能力を利用するために、すべての場合において次の設定を適用した;「減衰器」、11;「測定位置」、4.65mm(セルの中心)。これらの条件の下で、純水(標準)のベースライン散乱は約250kcpsである。10回のサブランからなる各測定を、5回繰り返した。粒子サイズは、D50値として表される。
5.0kgの支持重量及び265℃の温度において、DIN EN ISO1133−1に記載される手順と同様の手順に従って、Goettfert MPD、MI−Robo、MI4メルトインデクサ(Buchen,Germany)を用いて、g/10分で報告するメルトフローインデックス(melt flow index、MFI)を測定した。直径2.1mm及び長さ8.0mmの標準化された押出成形ダイによって、MFIを得た。
TA Instruments AR2000 EXレオメータを使用して、ポリマー試料のT(α)を測定した。−100℃から約125℃まで2℃/分の温度傾斜で、試料を加熱した。測定は、1ヘルツの周波数で行った。
TA Instruments Q2000 DSCを使用して、ポリマー試料のガラス転移温度(Tg)を測定した。−50℃から約200℃まで10℃/分の温度傾斜で、試料を加熱した。転移温度は、第2の加熱に関して分析した。
タイムラグ法を使用して、各膜について、温度の関数として酸素透過性を決定した。1cm2の作用面積を有する膜を、透過セルに配置した。続いて、セルの両方のチャンバを6時間排気した。試験について、時間ゼロは、課題のガス(酸素)による、上部チャンバの760cmHgへの加圧と一致した。排気した下部チャンバ内の圧力の変動を、時間の関数として、10−3cmHgの感度を有する圧力センサ(Baratron(登録商標),MKS,MA,USA)を使用して測定した。
分散体の粘度は、1°、60mmの円錐形固定具及びペルチエプレート接合体を装備したTA Instruments AR2000exレオメータを使用して測定した。測定は、20℃及び1s−1の定常剪断速度で行った。60秒間にわたって10秒毎にデータを取得し、平均を報告する。
テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、F2C=CF−O−CF2CF2CF2CF2SO2F(MV4S)、及びCF2=CF−O−(CF2)3−OCF3(MV31)のポリマーを調製した。
テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、F2C=CF−O−CF2CF2CF2CF2SO2F(MV4S)、及びCF2=CF−O−(CF2)3−OCF3(MV31)のポリマーを調製した。
テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、F2C=CF−O−CF2CF2CF2CF2SO2F(MV4S)、及びCF2=CF−O−(CF2)2−CF3(PPVE−1)のポリマーを調製した。
テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、及びF2C=CF−O−CF2CF2CF2CF2SO2F(MV4S)のポリマーを調製した。
AQUIVION D72−25BS水性分散体の試料をSigma Aldrichから購入した。実施例1に記載したように、約16mLを乾燥させた。ポリマーの当量重量は、技術データシートにおいて720であると報告された。乾燥させたアイオノマーを、60:40の重量比のn−プロパノール:水中、15重量%固体で再分散させた。混合物はゲルを形成した。
Claims (15)
- 水、及びコポリマーを含むフルオロポリマー分散体であって、
前記コポリマーが、
式−[CF2−CF2]−で表される二価の単位と、
独立して式
独立して式
を含むコポリマーを含むフルオロポリマー分散体であって、
前記フルオロポリマー分散体が、前記分散体の総重量を基準として少なくとも10重量%の前記コポリマーを含み、前記コポリマーが、600〜2000の範囲の−SO3Z当量重量を有し、−SO3Zが−SO2Fで置き換えられている前記コポリマーの変形体が、10分当たり最大80グラムの、265℃の温度及び5kgの支持重量で測定されるメルトフローインデックスを有する、フルオロポリマー分散体。 - bが2又は3であり、cが0又は1であり、eが4である、請求項1に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体。
- zが1又は2であり、CnF2nが(CF2)nであり、nが1、2又は3である、請求項1又は2に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体。
- −SO3Zが−SO2Fで置き換えられている前記コポリマーの前記変形体が、最高20℃のガラス転移温度を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載フルオロポリマー分散体。
- 前記コポリマーが100℃未満のα転移温度を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体。
- 前記コポリマーが1000超の−SO3Z当量重量を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体。
- 有機溶媒を更に含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体。
- 触媒粒子を更に含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体を含む、触媒インク。
- フルオロポリマー分散体を製造する方法であって、
水と、有機溶媒と、構成成分の総重量を基準として少なくとも10重量%のコポリマーとを含む構成成分を組み合わせることであって、前記コポリマーが、
式−[CF2−CF2]−で表される二価の単位と、
独立して式
独立して式
前記コポリマーが800〜2000の範囲の−SO3Z当量重量を有する、組み合わせること、並びに、
前記構成成分を、周囲圧力及び100℃未満の温度で混合して、前記フルオロポリマー分散体を製造することを含む、方法。 - 前記フルオロポリマー分散体をフィルムに形成することを更に含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- a及びcが0である場合、eが3〜8である、請求項10又は11に記載の方法。
- 前記構成成分が触媒粒子を更に含む、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のフルオロポリマー分散体から、又は請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって調製した、ポリマー電解質膜。
- 請求項9に記載の触媒インク、又は請求項14に記載のポリマー電解質膜のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、膜電極接合体。
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- 2018-09-14 CN CN201880059876.XA patent/CN111133015B/zh active Active
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- 2018-09-14 CN CN201880059563.4A patent/CN111094439B/zh active Active
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- 2018-09-14 KR KR1020207008644A patent/KR102601806B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2018-09-14 EP EP18857361.2A patent/EP3681949A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3681948A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
CN111133015B (zh) | 2022-09-06 |
JP2020534400A (ja) | 2020-11-26 |
EP3681949A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
CN111094439B (zh) | 2022-11-08 |
CN111094438B (zh) | 2022-11-08 |
US20200277420A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
KR20200054213A (ko) | 2020-05-19 |
WO2019055791A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
US20200303755A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 |
JP2020534398A (ja) | 2020-11-26 |
US20200199259A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
KR102601806B1 (ko) | 2023-11-14 |
CN111094438A (zh) | 2020-05-01 |
WO2019055793A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
CN111094439A (zh) | 2020-05-01 |
US11492431B2 (en) | 2022-11-08 |
KR20200052896A (ko) | 2020-05-15 |
US11377510B2 (en) | 2022-07-05 |
KR20200052897A (ko) | 2020-05-15 |
CN111133015A (zh) | 2020-05-08 |
EP3681948A4 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
EP3681949A4 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
WO2019055799A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
EP3681917A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
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