JP2019515478A - レーザー誘導グラフェン炭化層を含む分離膜及び前記分離膜を含むリチウム−硫黄電池 - Google Patents
レーザー誘導グラフェン炭化層を含む分離膜及び前記分離膜を含むリチウム−硫黄電池 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年11月29日出願の韓国特許出願第10−2016−0160634号に基づく優先権を主張し、該当出願の明細書及び図面に開示された内容は、すべて本出願に援用される。
不織布(ポリイミド、気孔度70%、厚さ25μm)の一面にレーザーを照射して電極反応層を形成した。レーザーの照射工程条件は、下記のように制御した。
Frequency:20kHz
Scan rate:2,000mm/s
Hatching:0.1mm
laser duty(%):12%
ポリエチレン素材の多孔性フィルム(厚さ20μm、気孔度40%)を負極と正極との間に介して電極組立体を製造した。この際、正極は、正極活物質として硫黄−炭素複合体を用い、負極は、リチウム薄膜(厚さ40μm)を用いた。前記電極組立体を金属缶に装入し、LiTFSI 1M濃度及びLiNO3が1wt%で含まれた有機溶媒(1,3−ジオキソラン:ジメトキシエタン=1:1体積比)を電解液にしてコインセルを製造した。比較例1で製造された電極組立体の断面構造は、図3aのように示され得る。
不織布(ポリイミド、気孔度70%、厚さ25μm)とポリエチレン素材の多孔性フィルム(厚さ20μm、気孔度40%)を積層して分離膜を製造した。次に、前記分離膜を負極と正極との間に介して電極組立体を製造した。この際、正極は、正極活物質として硫黄−炭素複合体を用い、負極は、リチウム薄膜(厚さ40μm)を用い、前記分離膜における不織布が正極と対向するように積層した。前記電極組立体を金属缶に装入し、LiTFSI 1M濃度及びLiNO3が1wt%含まれた有機溶媒(1,3−ジオキソラン:ジメトキシエタン=1:1体積比)を電解液にしてコインセルを製造した。比較例2で製造された電極組立体の断面構造は、図3bのように示され得る。
図4は、比較例2の不織布の表面を示したSEM写真であり、図5は、実施例の電極反応層の表面を示したSEM写真である。これによれば、不織布の表面がレーザーの照射によって炭化して表面構造が変化したことを確認することができる。
実施例及び比較例2で製造された分離膜に対し、4点プローブ測定装備を用いて面抵抗を確認した。同一の表面に対して、総5回の面抵抗を測定し、このうち最大値及び最小値を記載した。測定結果は、下記の表1に示した。
実施例、比較例1及び比較例2で製造された電池を用いてサイクル特性を評価した。各電池に対し、3回サイクルまで、0.1Cで1.75V〜2.5VでCCモードで充放電を行い、その後35回サイクルまでは0.2Cで充放電を行った。
110 電解液担持層
111 電極反応層
112 不織布層
120 多孔性基材層
130 正極130
140 負極140
Claims (14)
- 不織布層と、前記不織布層の一表面に配置された電極反応層と、を含む電解液担持層を含み、
ここで、前記電極反応層が、有機高分子材料の炭化物を含み、多孔性構造を有し、分離膜の両表面の少なくとも一表面の最外側に配置されることを特徴とする電気化学素子用分離膜。 - 多孔性構造を有する多孔性基材をさらに含み、前記高分子多孔性基材の少なくとも一表面に電解液担持層が配置され、前記多孔性基材と不織布層が面接触するように積層されて電極反応層が分離膜の最外側の表面に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記有機高分子材料は、不織布基材であって、前記電解液担持層は、前記不織布基材の表面部が熱分解によって炭化することで電極反応層と不織布層とが一体で形成されたものであり、前記表面部は、不織布基材の表面から所定の深さまでの厚さを有する部分であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記有機高分子材料が、不織布基材であり、前記電極反応層が、不織布基材の熱分解によって炭化して生成した結果物である黒鉛系炭素を含み、前記不織布が、高耐熱性エンジニアリングプラスチック樹脂を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記高耐熱性エンジニアリングプラスチック高分子樹脂が、ポリスルホン系高分子樹脂(PSF)、ポリエーテルスルホン系高分子樹脂(PES)、ポリエーテルイミド系高分子樹脂(PEI)、ポリフェニレンスルフィド系高分子樹脂(PPS)、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン系高分子樹脂(PEEK)、ポリアリレート系高分子樹脂(PA)、ポリアミドイミド系高分子樹脂(PAI)、ポリイミド系高分子樹脂(PI)、ポリアミド系高分子樹脂からなる群より選択された一種以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記電極反応層は、厚さが100nm〜5μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記不織布基材が、高耐熱性エンジニアリングプラスチック高分子樹脂を含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記高耐熱性エンジニアリングプラスチック高分子樹脂が、ポリスルホン系高分子樹脂(PSF)、ポリエーテルスルホン系高分子樹脂(PES)、ポリエーテルイミド系高分子樹脂(PEI)、ポリフェニレンスルフィド系高分子樹脂(PPS)、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン系高分子樹脂(PEEK)、ポリアリレート系高分子樹脂(PA)、ポリアミドイミド系高分子樹脂(PAI)、ポリイミド系高分子樹脂(PI)、ポリアミド系高分子樹脂からなる群より選択された一種以上であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記多孔性基材層が、ポリオレフィン系高分子樹脂を含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 前記電解液担持層は、気孔度が40〜70%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜。
- 正極、負極及び前記正極と負極との間に介される分離膜を含み、前記正極は、電極活物質が硫化物系化合物を含み、前記分離膜は、請求項1から請求項10のうちいずれか一項に記載のものであって、前記分離膜における電極反応層が正極と対向するように配置されることを特徴とするリチウム−硫黄電池。
- 前記硫化物系化合物は、硫黄及び炭素を含む硫黄−炭素複合化合物であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載のリチウム−硫黄電池。
- 請求項1項に記載の分離膜を製造する方法であって、
(S1)不織布基材を準備する段階と、
(S2)前記不織布基材の表面にレーザーを照射して不織布基材の表面部を熱分解によって炭化させ、電極反応層及び不織布層を含む電解液担持層を形成する段階と、を含むことを特徴とする電気化学素子用分離膜の製造方法。 - (S3)多孔性基材層を準備する段階と、
(S4)前記多孔性基材層と、前記(S2)段階で準備した電解液担持層とを結合する段階と、を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の電気化学素子用分離膜の製造方法。
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