JP2016528949A - フィルム及び製造方法 - Google Patents
フィルム及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016528949A JP2016528949A JP2016521443A JP2016521443A JP2016528949A JP 2016528949 A JP2016528949 A JP 2016528949A JP 2016521443 A JP2016521443 A JP 2016521443A JP 2016521443 A JP2016521443 A JP 2016521443A JP 2016528949 A JP2016528949 A JP 2016528949A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、参照により全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、「Films and Methods of Manufacture」と題する2013年6月21日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/837,716号の利益を主張するものである。
2008年4月8日出願の米国特許出願第12/089,574号は、2006年10月12日出願のPCT/US2006/040038号の国内段階出願であり、これら両出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。2012年12月27日出願の米国特許出願第13/727,682号は、「Films and Methods of Manufacture」と題する2011年12月28日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/580,679号の利益を主張するものであり、これら両出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示は、概して、フィルム(例えば、ポリマーフィルム)及び製造方法に関し、少なくともいくつかの実施形態では、穿孔フィルム及び医学的使用方法に関する。
フィルム調製:約70%のグリコール酸、17%のカプロラクトン、5%の乳酸、及び8%のトリメチレンカーボネートのコポリマー(US Surgical,North Haven,CT)からフィルムを生成した。このコポリマーを、20重量%の濃度でジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中に溶解させ、20cm×20cmのガラスプレート上に薄いフィルムとして流延するか、又は5%若しくは10%のゲンタマイシン硫酸塩と混合した後に流延するかのいずれかを行った。流延フィルムを最低12時間にわたって60℃の空気中で乾燥させて溶媒を除去し、次にガラスプレートから取り外し、更なる試験のために真空下で保管した。完成したフィルムは0.06±0.01mmの厚さを有した。
例示的な一実施形態では、ヒツジへの埋め込みによってインプラントを試験した。インプラントは、外科的に挿入し骨に取り付ける直前に金属プレート上に慎重に被せた、管状の薄い(0.05〜0.08mm)透明なポリマースリーブを備える、金属プレートであった。スリーブは、プレートの両端で開口していたが、緊密な適合度を有し、全長にわたって完全に金属プレートを被覆した。スリーブは、合成コポリエステル(グリコリド、カプロラクトン、トリメチレンカーボネート、ラクチド)からなり、全体にわたって等しく離間配置された直径1.5mmの開口孔を有した。1つの群のスリーブは、トリクロサン(2,4,4’−トリクロロ−2’−ヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル)を1%の濃度で含有し、1つの群のスリーブは、ゲンタマイシンを10%の濃度で含有し、1つの群のスリーブは、トリクロサン(1%)及びゲンタマイシン(10%)両方の組み合わせを含有した。ゲンタマイシン及びトリクロサンの濃度は、各化合物の治療濃度域を決定するためのインビトロ試験に基づいて選択した。
例示的な一実施形態では、フィルム10を以下の方法によって製造する。
ゲンタマイシン硫酸塩粉末の含水量を、乾燥損失法によって測定する。約0.5グラムのゲンタマイシンをガラス瓶内で秤量し、次に3時間110℃に真空下で加熱し、2回目の秤量を行う。重量損失を含水量として記録し、これを使用して水分パーセントを算出する。
14.69グラムのゲンタマイシン硫酸塩粉末を秤量し、上記のように算出された含水量パーセントを補正する。これを、櫂型混合機を使用して、1L容器内で400gのDMSO溶媒に混合する。ゲンタマイシンが均一に分散するまで、混合物を30分間撹拌する。グリコール酸、カプロラクトン、乳酸、及びトリメチレンカーボネートモノマーを含有する100gのコポリマーを懸濁液に添加し、混合容器を65℃に加熱する。ポリマーが溶液中に完全に溶解するまで混合を2時間続け、次に溶液温度を55℃に低下させる。
高密度ポリエチレン製の流延成形型及び延伸ブレードを使用して、ポリマー溶液から薄い穿孔フィルムを流延する。流延成形型及び延伸ブレードを、アルカリ洗剤溶液を使用して予め洗浄し、自動CNC流延器具内に投入する。15mlのポリマー溶液をポリプロピレンシリンジ内に引き込み、これを流延器具内に投入する。流延器具が流延成形型上に溶液を自動的に分注し、成形型の表面全体をブレードで延伸する。ポリマー溶液で充填された成形型を、85℃の溶媒乾燥オーブンに約90分間入れ、フィルムを乾燥させる。成形型を乾燥オーブンから取り出し、2分以内にフィルムを成形型から剥離する。
特別な形状の型を備えるインパルス熱封着プレスを使用して、流延フィルムをスリーブの形状に封着及び切断する。2つの流延フィルムをプレス内に配置し、プレスを0.6MPa(80psi)の圧力で冷却し、4秒間200℃に加熱する。過剰のフィルム材料からスリーブを取り除き、適切な長さに切断する。封着されたスリーブを50℃の真空下で乾燥させ、水分バリア梱包内に密封して生体再吸収性ポリマーの分解を防止することができる。
インビトロ研究を行い、一般的なバクテリア性病原体による金属インプラントのコロニー形成を防止するゲンタマイシン含有再吸収性ポリマーフィルムの有効性を評価した。寒天を使用してステンレス鋼及びチタン骨折固定プレートによる軟組織の被覆を模倣するコロニー形成アッセイは、本フィルムが、黄色ブドウ球菌、表皮ブドウ球菌、緑膿菌、及びエンテロバクタークロアカによる金属性インプラントのバクテリアコロニー形成を防止するに当たって有効であることを示している。これらのデータは、フィルムを有しない金属性インプラント(対照)と比較して、バクテリア計数の少なくとも5〜6のlog減少を表す。
目的は、ゲンタマイシンフィルムの阻害ゾーンを測定することであった。4つの異なる種のバクテリアを用いて試験を行った。
ゲンタマイシンフィルムの6mmパンチ(0.1%、0.5%、1.0%、5.0%、及び13%のゲンタマイシン硫酸塩、無水)(13%のゲンタマイシンのフィルムは、他のゲンタマイシンフィルムとは別々に試験し、データを別々に収集し生成した)
30μlのdPBS中120μgのゲンタマイシンを有するブランクフィルタディスク;30μlのdPBS中のブランクフィルタディスク
黄色ブドウ球菌ATCC 25923、表皮ブドウ球菌ATCC 12228、緑膿菌ATCC 10145、エンテロバクタークロアカATCC 29941
ガラス培養管(VWR番号:89001−480);ブランクディスク、直径6.35mm(VWR番号:90002−114);6mm使い捨て生検パンチ(VWR番号:21909−144);Mueller Hinton寒天皿(VWR番号:100219−188);0.5 McFarland濁度標準(VWR番号:29447−318);dPBS(VWR番号:12001−664);綿棒;インキュベーター;温度計;バクテリアフード
−36℃で一晩インキュベートした寒天皿からのコロニーをdPBSに加える。
−dPBSを用いて0.5McFarland標準の当量に濁度を調節する。
−濁度調節の15分以内に、無菌綿棒をdPBSに浸漬する。この管の中で綿棒を旋回させ、綿棒を取り除くとき液体の上で管の側面に押し付ける。
−プレートの中央を下に1回画線することによってMueller−Hinton寒天プレートを播種する。次に綿棒でプレート全体に画線し、各回約60°、2回回転させる。プレート全体を画線した後、綿棒でプレートの縁の周囲を画線する。
−フィルタディスク/パンチを皿上に配置する。
−皿の播種の15分以内に36℃のインキュベーターに入れる。
−16〜18時間インキュベートする。
−ノギスを使用してミリメートル単位でZOIを測定する(ZOIはディスクの中心点を通って測定される直線距離として測定された)。図28は、最低有効濃度及び測定されたZOIを図示する。
バクテリアコロニー形成を防止するゲンタマイシン硫酸塩含有ポリマーフィルムの有効性を評価するために、スリーブ又はプレート全体を被覆するには短すぎたスリーブの形態のゲンタマイシン硫酸塩含有ポリマーフィルムでステンレス鋼の骨折固定プレートを被覆した(即ち、プレートの半分(長さ11cmのプレートの5.5cm)のみが被覆された)。これらのプレートにバクテリアを播種し、軟組織の被覆を模倣する3次元寒天アッセイで抗菌活性を評価した。4つの一般的な病原体(緑膿菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、エンテロバクタークロアカ、及び表皮ブドウ球菌)が評価され、ゲンタマイシン硫酸塩含有ポリマーフィルム(13重量%のゲンタマイシン)が、ポリマーフィルムによって被覆されていないプレートの表面でさえ、鋼プレートのコロニー形成を有効に防止した(対照に対してCFUの5〜6のlog減少)。図29は、様々なバクテリアについて測定された阻害ゾーンを図示する。
(1) 可撓体であって、
第1の表面及び反対側の第2の表面を有するフィルムであって、前記フィルムが、前記第1の表面から前記第2の表面まで延在する複数の開口と、前記複数の開口のそれぞれが複数の隆起縁のうちの1つによって包囲されるように前記第1の表面から突出する前記複数の隆起縁と、を有する、フィルムを備え、
前記フィルムが、複数の層を備え、
前記複数の層のうちの少なくとも1つが、薬物を含有する薬物含有層を含み、
前記複数の層のうちの少なくとも1つが、接着剤層を含む、可撓体。
(2) 前記接着剤層が、前記第1の表面及び前記第2の表面のうちの1つを画定する、実施態様1に記載の可撓体。
(3) 前記複数の層のうちの少なくとも1つが、前記薬物の速度放出(rate release)を制御するように構成された速度制御層を含む、実施態様1又は2に記載の可撓体。
(4) 前記フィルムが、生分解性ポリマーを含む、実施態様1〜3のいずれかに記載の可撓体。
(5) 前記薬物が、前記ポリマー中で少なくとも部分的に不溶性である、実施態様4に記載の可撓体。
(7) 前記粒子が、カルシウム含有塩粒子を含む、実施態様6に記載の可撓体。
(8) 前記フィルムが、前記開口を有する第1の領域及び前記開口を欠く第2の領域を画定する、実施態様1〜7のいずれかに記載の可撓体。
(9) 多層フィルムを形成する方法であって、
第1のポリマー溶液を、成形型の底部から延在する複数の突出部を有する前記成形型に入れる工程と、
前記ポリマー溶液を前記複数の突出部のそれぞれの周囲に付勢する工程と、
1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液を前記成形型に入れる工程と、
前記ポリマー溶液を凝固させる工程と、を含み、
複数の開口を有する多層フィルムが形成される、方法。
(10) 1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液を前記成形型に入れる前記工程は、前記ポリマー溶液を付勢することが前記第1のポリマー溶液及び前記1つ又は2つ以上のポリマー溶液を付勢することを含むように、付勢する前記工程の前に起こる、実施態様9に記載の方法。
(12) 前記第1のポリマー溶液又は前記1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液のうちの少なくとも1つが、薬物を含む、実施態様9〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
(13) 前記第1のポリマー溶液又は前記1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液のうちの少なくとも1つが、凝固したときに接着剤層を構成する、実施態様9〜12のいずれかに記載の方法。
(14) 前記第1のポリマー溶液又は前記1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液のうちの少なくとも1つが、凝固したときに薬物放出のための速度制御層を構成する、実施態様9〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
(15) フィルムの貯蔵、梱包、及び/又は出荷のためのフィルム貯蔵システムであって、
実施態様1〜8のいずれかに記載の可撓体と、
前記接着剤層上に配置された取り外し可能な非接着性裏打ち材と、を備える、フィルム貯蔵システム。
実施態様1〜8のいずれかに記載の可撓体と、
前記フィルムを収集するように構成された収集器であって、前記フィルムが前記収集器から分離可能である、収集器と、を備える、フィルム貯蔵システム。
(17) 整形外科処置のためのシステムであって、
整形外科用医療デバイスと、
実施態様1〜8のいずれかに記載の可撓体及びフィルム固定要素を含むフィルム固定システムと、を備える、システム。
(18) 前記整形外科用医療デバイスが、骨固定孔を有する骨プレートである、実施態様17に記載の整形外科処置のためのシステム。
(19) 前記骨固定孔と整列するように構成されたねじ付きシャフトを有する骨を更に備える、実施態様18に記載の整形外科処置のためのシステム。
(20) 前記骨スクリューの前記ねじ付きシャフトの直径は、前記スクリューシャフトが1つより多い開口を含む前記骨固定孔と整列された前記フィルムの領域を通して駆動されるように構成されるように、少なくとも2つの隣接する開口の断面寸法、及び前記少なくとも2つの隣接する開口間の間隙の両方よりも大きい、実施態様19に記載の整形外科処置のためのシステム。
Claims (20)
- 可撓体であって、
第1の表面及び反対側の第2の表面を有するフィルムであって、前記フィルムが、前記第1の表面から前記第2の表面まで延在する複数の開口と、前記複数の開口のそれぞれが複数の隆起縁のうちの1つによって包囲されるように前記第1の表面から突出する前記複数の隆起縁と、を有する、フィルムを備え、
前記フィルムが、複数の層を備え、
前記複数の層のうちの少なくとも1つが、薬物を含有する薬物含有層を含み、
前記複数の層のうちの少なくとも1つが、接着剤層を含む、可撓体。 - 前記接着剤層が、前記第1の表面及び前記第2の表面のうちの1つを画定する、請求項1に記載の可撓体。
- 前記複数の層のうちの少なくとも1つが、前記薬物の速度放出を制御するように構成された速度制御層を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の可撓体。
- 前記フィルムが、生分解性ポリマーを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の可撓体。
- 前記薬物が、前記ポリマー中で少なくとも部分的に不溶性である、請求項4に記載の可撓体。
- 前記フィルムが、1つ又は2つ以上の生体適合性粒子を更に含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の可撓体。
- 前記粒子が、カルシウム含有塩粒子を含む、請求項6に記載の可撓体。
- 前記フィルムが、前記開口を有する第1の領域及び前記開口を欠く第2の領域を画定する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の可撓体。
- 多層フィルムを形成する方法であって、
第1のポリマー溶液を、成形型の底部から延在する複数の突出部を有する前記成形型に入れる工程と、
前記ポリマー溶液を前記複数の突出部のそれぞれの周囲に付勢する工程と、
1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液を前記成形型に入れる工程と、
前記ポリマー溶液を凝固させる工程と、を含み、
複数の開口を有する多層フィルムが形成される、方法。 - 1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液を前記成形型に入れる前記工程は、前記ポリマー溶液を付勢することが前記第1のポリマー溶液及び前記1つ又は2つ以上のポリマー溶液を付勢することを含むように、付勢する前記工程の前に起こる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー溶液を凝固させる前記工程が、1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液を前記成形型に入れる前記工程の前及び後の両方で起こる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のポリマー溶液又は前記1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液のうちの少なくとも1つが、薬物を含む、請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のポリマー溶液又は前記1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液のうちの少なくとも1つが、凝固したときに接着剤層を構成する、請求項9〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のポリマー溶液又は前記1つ又は2つ以上の追加のポリマー溶液のうちの少なくとも1つが、凝固したときに薬物放出のための速度制御層を構成する、請求項9〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- フィルムの貯蔵、梱包、及び/又は出荷のためのフィルム貯蔵システムであって、
請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の可撓体と、
前記接着剤層上に配置された取り外し可能な非接着性裏打ち材と、を備える、フィルム貯蔵システム。 - フィルムの貯蔵、梱包、及び/又は出荷のためのフィルム貯蔵システムであって、
請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の可撓体と、
前記フィルムを収集するように構成された収集器であって、前記フィルムが前記収集器から分離可能である、収集器と、を備える、フィルム貯蔵システム。 - 整形外科処置のためのシステムであって、
整形外科用医療デバイスと、
請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の可撓体及びフィルム固定要素を含むフィルム固定システムと、を備える、システム。 - 前記整形外科用医療デバイスが、骨固定孔を有する骨プレートである、請求項17に記載の整形外科処置のためのシステム。
- 前記骨固定孔と整列するように構成されたねじ付きシャフトを有する骨を更に備える、請求項18に記載の整形外科処置のためのシステム。
- 前記骨スクリューの前記ねじ付きシャフトの直径は、前記スクリューシャフトが1つより多い開口を含む前記骨固定孔と整列された前記フィルムの領域を通して駆動されるように構成されるように、少なくとも2つの隣接する開口の断面寸法、及び前記少なくとも2つの隣接する開口間の間隙の両方よりも大きい、請求項19に記載の整形外科処置のためのシステム。
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EP3010560A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
US20180028714A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
CN105555328B (zh) | 2019-01-11 |
US20160144067A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
AU2018214069A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
WO2014204708A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
TWI640306B (zh) | 2018-11-11 |
CA2916249C (en) | 2021-07-13 |
JP6456935B2 (ja) | 2019-01-23 |
BR112015032045A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
AU2018214069B2 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
AU2014281010B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
KR20160024926A (ko) | 2016-03-07 |
BR112015032045B1 (pt) | 2020-06-09 |
US20200061234A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 |
CA2916249A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
EP3010560B1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
AU2014281010A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
CN105555328A (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
TW201511740A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
US10500304B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
KR102249720B1 (ko) | 2021-05-11 |
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