JP2016082104A - 圧電素子及びその製造方法並びに圧電素子応用デバイス - Google Patents
圧電素子及びその製造方法並びに圧電素子応用デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
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- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
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- H10N30/06—Forming electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
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- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
- H10N30/204—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using bending displacement, e.g. unimorph, bimorph or multimorph cantilever or membrane benders
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- H10N30/704—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive films or coatings
- H10N30/706—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive films or coatings characterised by the underlying bases, e.g. substrates
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
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- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
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- B41J2002/14241—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm having a cover around the piezoelectric thin film element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
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- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
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Abstract
Description
また、第1電極によってMgの拡散を抑制する構成にすると、圧電体層と第1電極が良好な界面を形成できず、絶縁性や破壊電圧の低下が生じ、信頼性の低下につながる可能性がある。
かかる態様によれば、Mgを含む所定の複合酸化物により圧電体層を構成することで、圧電特性の向上を図ることができる。加えて、第1電極が拡散抑制層を備えており、この拡散抑制層は拡散層よりも基板側に設けられているため、圧電体層からのMgが第1電極を通り越して基板に到達するのを防止できる。また、拡散抑制層が拡散層よりも基板側に設けられているため、圧電体層からのMgを拡散層中に拡散させ、第1電極内、具体的には拡散抑制層の手前に偏在させることができるようになり、Mgが圧電体層及び第1電極の界面に偏在することも防止できる。以上より、圧電特性の向上を図ることができ、かつ、圧電体層及び第1電極と、第1電極及び振動板と、の何れも良好な界面を形成できるようになって高い信頼性を確保できる。尚、Mgは、一般的に、Bサイトに含まれる元素である。
図1は、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電素子応用デバイスの一例であるインクジェット式記録ヘッド(液体噴射ヘッド)が搭載された、インクジェット式記録装置(液体噴射装置)を示す斜視図である。
xPb(Mg1/3,Nb2/3)O3−(1−x)PbTiO3・・・(1)
xPb1+α(Mg1/3,Nb2/3)O3−(1−x)Pb1+αTiO3
・・・(2)
(0.20≦x≦0.60が好ましく、0.30≦x≦0.45がより好ましい)
<PZT前駆体溶液の調製>
酢酸及び水を量り取り、次いで酢酸鉛、ジルコニウムブトキシド、及びチタニウムテトラ−i−プロポキシド及びポリエチレングリコールを量り取って、これらを90℃で加熱撹拌することにより、PZT前駆体溶液を作製した。
2−ブトキシエタノールとジメチルアミノエタノールとを量り取り、混合溶液を作製した。また、乾燥窒素を充填したグローブボックス中で、チタニウムテトラ−i−プロポキシドとニオブペンタ−n−ブトキシドとを量り取り、これを上記の混合溶液に混合した。その後、室温にて十分撹拌した後、大気下で酢酸マグネシウム及び酢酸鉛をそれぞれ量り取り、室温にて混合・撹拌を行うことでPMN−PT前駆体溶液を作製した。
6inchシリコン基板を熱酸化することで、基板(流路形成基板10)に二酸化シリコン膜(弾性膜51)を作製した。次に、スパッタ法にてジルコニウム膜を作製し、熱酸化させることで酸化ジルコニウム膜(絶縁体膜52)を作製した。この絶縁体膜52に、スパッタ法にて、チタン(Ti)、白金(Pt;拡散抑制層60a)、イリジウム(Ir;拡散層60b)、チタン(Ti)の順番で作製することで、第1電極60を作製した。
圧電体層70をPZTにより構成した他は、実施例1と同様の構成からなる圧電素子を作製した。
実施例1及び比較例1について、Bruker AXS社製「D8 Discover」、線源はCuKα、検出器は2次元検出器(GADDS)を使用し、2次元マッピング画像及び回折パターンを測定して、その圧電体層の結晶構造及び配向性を評価した。画像として検出できる範囲は、装置構成による制限から、典型的なABO3擬立方晶の(100)ピークが検出される2θ=22.5°相当でφ=±30°、同(110)ピークが検出される2θ=32.5°相当でφ=±32°、同(111)ピークが検出される2θ=40°相当でφ=±26°である。図9に、実施例1(第2電極の作製前段階)でのX線回折パターンを示す。
実施例1及び比較例1について、aixACCT社製ダブルビームレーザー干渉計(Double−Beam Laser Interometry:DBLI)にて測定し、圧電素子の圧電特性(変位特性)を評価した。図10に結果を示す。図示するように、実線で表される実施例1の圧電素子では、最大変位量(最大歪−最少歪:Dpp2)が7.1nmであったのに対し、点線で表される比較例1では、Dpp2=3.6nmであった。このことから、実施例1の圧電素子は、比較例1の圧電素子に比べて変位特性に優れ、1.95倍の変位量を示すことが明らかとなった。
実施例1及び比較例1について、アルバック−ファイ社製「ADEPT−1010」を使用し、圧電体層70から厚さ方向に亘って二次イオン質量分析を行って、Mgの分布状態を評価した。実施例1での結果を図11に示し、比較例1での結果を図12に示す。各図において、縦軸は16O+133Csで規格化した検出強度であり、横軸はスパッタ時間である。スパッタ時間の経過は厚さ方向の深さに対応するので、図11及び図12では、横軸が右に進むにつれて、圧電体層70から振動板50方向に深い地点でのMgの状態が評価されていることになる。
以上、本発明の一実施形態を説明したが、本発明の基本的構成は上述したものに限定されるものではない。例えば、上記の実施形態では、流路形成基板10としてシリコン単結晶基板を例示したが、特にこれに限定されず、例えば、SOI基板、ガラス等の材料を用いるようにしてもよい。
Claims (8)
- 基板側から、第1電極と、Mgを含むABO3型ペロブスカイト構造の複合酸化物からなる圧電体層と、第2電極と、が積層された圧電素子であって、
前記第1電極は、前記Mgの拡散を抑制する拡散抑制層と、前記拡散抑制層に比べて前記Mgを拡散させる拡散層と、を備え、
前記拡散抑制層は、前記拡散層よりも前記基板側に設けられていること
を特徴とする圧電素子。 - 前記拡散層の前記拡散抑制層側に、前記Mgが偏在するMg偏在層を具備すること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧電素子。 - 前記圧電体層側から前記基板側の方向に向かって二次イオン質量分析により前記Mgの強度を測定したとき、前記Mg偏在層におけるMgの最大強度は、前記拡散層及び前記拡散抑制層のMgの強度よりも大きいこと
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の圧電素子。 - 前記拡散層は、Ir、LaNiO3及びSrRuO3からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含むこと
を特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の圧電素子。 - 前記圧電体層は、
前記ABO3型ペロブスカイト構造のAサイトにPb、Bi、K及びNaからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を更に含み、
前記ABO3型ペロブスカイト構造のBサイトに、前記Mgを含み、Nb、Ti及びFeからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を更に含むこと
を特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の圧電素子。 - 前記拡散抑制層は、Ptを含むこと
を特徴とする請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の圧電素子。 - 請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の圧電素子を具備することを特徴とする圧電素子応用デバイス。
- 基板側から、第1電極と、Mgを含むABO3型ペロブスカイト構造の複合酸化物からなる圧電体層と、第2電極と、を積層する圧電素子の製造方法であって、
前記第1電極を形成する工程は、
前記Mgの拡散を抑制する拡散抑制層を設ける工程と、
前記拡散抑制層上に、前記拡散抑制層に比べて前記Mgを拡散させる拡散層を設ける工程と、を含むこと
を特徴とする圧電素子の製造方法。
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