JP2015535033A - 反応射出成形によるポリウレタン発泡体 - Google Patents
反応射出成形によるポリウレタン発泡体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015535033A JP2015535033A JP2015542744A JP2015542744A JP2015535033A JP 2015535033 A JP2015535033 A JP 2015535033A JP 2015542744 A JP2015542744 A JP 2015542744A JP 2015542744 A JP2015542744 A JP 2015542744A JP 2015535033 A JP2015535033 A JP 2015535033A
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Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/06—Flexible foams
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Abstract
Description
(a)少なくとも1種のポリオール、連鎖延長剤組成物、および発泡剤を含む、第1の組成物を準備するステップと、
(b)少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート、キャップドグリコール、およびそれらの組合せを含む、第2の組成物を準備するステップと、
(c)第1の組成物および第2の組成物を混合して反応混合物を形成させ、加熱鋳型に入れるステップと、
(d)この反応混合物からポリウレタン発泡体を形成させるステップと、
を含む、成形ポリウレタン発泡体物品を調製する方法であって、
前記第1の組成物が、
(i)上記の連鎖延長剤組成物が、少なくとも1種のアミン化合物を含むこと、
(ii)上記の発泡剤が、ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液を含むこと、および
(iii)(i)および(ii)の組合せであること、
のうちの1つを含む、方法が提供される。
(a)少なくとも1種のポリオール、連鎖延長剤組成物、および発泡剤を含む、第1の組成物を準備するステップと、
(b)少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート、キャップドグリコール、およびそれらの組合せを含む、第2の組成物を準備するステップと、
(c)第1の組成物および第2の組成物を混合して反応混合物を形成させ、加熱鋳型に入れるステップと、
(d)この反応混合物からポリウレタン発泡体を形成させるステップと、
によって調製される成形ポリウレタン発泡体物品であって、
前記第1の組成物が、
(i)上記の連鎖延長剤組成物が、少なくとも1種のアミン化合物を含むこと、
(ii)上記の発泡剤は、ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液を含むこと、および
(iii)(i)および(ii)の組合せであること、
のうちの1つを含む、物品も提供される。
(a)第1の組成物が、少なくとも1種のポリオール、連鎖延長剤組成物、および発泡剤を含み、
(b)第2の組成物が、少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート、キャップドグリコール、およびそれらの組合せを含み、
前記第1の組成物が、
(i)上記の連鎖延長剤組成物が、少なくとも1種のアミン化合物を含むこと、
(ii)上記の発泡剤が、ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液を含むこと、および
(iii)(i)および(ii)の組合せであること、
のうちの1つを含む、物品を提供する。
(1)ポリエーテル、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、およびそれらの組合せから選択される少なくとも1種のポリオールであって、600〜4000の数平均分子量を有するポリオール、
(2)少なくとも1種の芳香族ジイソシアネートを含むポリイソシアネート、
(3)場合により、中和剤およびジオール化合物であって、(i)ポリイソシアネートと反応することができるヒドロキシ基、および(ii)中和すると塩を形成することができる少なくとも1つのカルボン酸基を含み、前記少なくとも1つのカルボン酸基は、ポリイソシアネートと反応することができない、ジオール化合物、
(4)ジアミン連鎖延長剤、水、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される連鎖延長剤、ならびに
(5)場合により、イソシアネート用ブロック剤、ならびに
(6)少なくとも1種の表面活性剤または界面活性剤
の反応生成物であってもよい。
ポリオールを、約61%〜約80%を含めた約34%〜約89%、
ポリイソシアネートを、約18%〜約35%を含めた約10%〜約59%、
ジオール化合物を、約2.0%〜約4.0%を含めた約1.0%〜約7.0%
の重量百分率の範囲で供給される、ポリオール、ポリイソシアネート、およびジオールが含まれる。
1)重合が完了した後、プレポリマーを移送して分散する前にこのプレポリマーに溶媒を加えて混合することができ、主鎖中に(ジオール化合物由来の)カルボン酸基および末端鎖にイソシアネート基を含有するこの希釈プレポリマーを、水中に分散させながら、中和して鎖を延長する。
2)ポリオール、ポリイソシアネート、およびジオール化合物などの他の成分に溶媒を加えて混合し、溶液中でプレポリマーを作製することができ、次に上記の溶液中にある、主鎖にカルボン酸基および末端鎖にイソシアネート基を含有するこのプレポリマーを水中に分散させて、それと同時に中和して鎖を延長する。
3)分散の前に、ジオール化合物と中和剤との中和塩に溶媒を加え、ポリオールおよびポリイソシアネートと混合して、プレポリマーを作製することができる。
4)分散前に、溶媒をTEAと混合し、次に、形成したプレポリマーに加えることができる。
5)分散前に、溶媒を加えてポリオールと混合し、次いで、順に、ジオール化合物および中和剤、次にポリイソシアネートを溶液中の中和プレポリマーに加えることができる。
6)溶媒は、とりわけアセトン法の場合、分散液から除去することもできる。
ポリウレタン尿素組成物中、および/またはポリオールを含む第1の構成要素中に、場合により含まれ得る添加剤のクラスを、以下に一覧表示する。例示的かつ非限定的な一覧表示が含まれている。しかし、追加の添加剤が、当分野において周知である。例には、抗酸化剤、紫外線安定剤、着色剤、顔料、架橋化剤(cross−linking agents)、相変化物質(パラフィンワックス)、抗菌剤、無機物(すなわち、銅)、マイクロカプセル化添加剤(すなわち、アロエベラ、ビタミンEゲル、アロエベラ、昆布、ニコチン、カフェイン、香水またはアロマ)、ナノ粒子(すなわち、シリカまたは炭素)、炭酸カルシウム、難燃剤、粘着防止添加剤、耐塩素分解添加剤、ビタミン剤、医薬、香料、導電性添加剤、可染性および/または染料補助剤(四級アンモニウム塩など)が含まれる。ポリウレタン尿素組成物に添加することができる他の添加剤には、接着促進剤、帯電防止剤、抗クリープ剤、蛍光増白剤、融合助剤、電気伝導性添加剤、発光添加剤、滑沢剤、有機および無機充填剤、保存剤、テクスチャー付与剤(texturizing agent)、熱変性添加剤、防虫剤、および湿潤剤、安定剤(ヒンダードフェノール、酸化亜鉛、ヒンダードアミン)、スリップ剤(シリコーンオイル)ならびにそれらの組合せが含まれる。
プレポリマーの調製は、窒素雰囲気のグローブボックス中で行った。空気圧駆動型撹拌器、加熱マントル、および熱電対温度計(thermocouple temperature measurement)を装備した、2000mlのPyrex(登録商標)ガラス製反応釜に、Terathane(登録商標)1800グリコール約382.5グラムおよびDMPA約12.5グラムを投入した。この混合物を撹拌しながら約50℃に加熱し、次いで、Lupranate(登録商標)MIジイソシアネート約105グラムを添加した。次に、この反応混合物を連続撹拌しながら約90℃まで加熱し、約120分間、約90℃に保持し、この後、この混合物の%NCOが安定値へと低下してイソシアネート末端基を有するプレポリマーの計算値(1.914の%NCOが目標)に適合する通り、反応を完結させた。プレポリマーの粘度は、約40℃において操作した落球粘度計モデルDV−8(Duratech Corp.、Waynesboro、VAにより販売)を使用し、ASTM D1343−69の一般法に準拠して決定した。NCO基の重量%に関しては、キャップドグリコールプレポリマーのイソシアネート部位の全含有量を、その全体の開示が、参照により本明細書に組み込まれている、S.Siggia、「Quantitative Organic Analysis via Functional Group」、第3版、Wiley&Sons、New York、559〜561頁(1963年)の方法によって測定した。
2,000mlのステンレス鋼製ビーカーに脱イオン水約700グラム、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム(SDBS)約15グラム、およびトリエチルアミン(TEA)約10グラムを投入した。次に、この混合物を氷/水により約5℃に冷却し、ロータ/ステータ混合ヘッドを有する実験室用高速せん断ミキサー(Ross、モデル100LC)を用いて、約30秒間、約5,000rpmで混合した。金属製の管状シリンダーに入れた粘性プレポリマーを、空気圧を加えながらフレキシブルチューブを介して水溶液中の混合ヘッドの底部に加えた。プレポリマーの温度を、約50℃〜約70℃の間に維持した。約5,000rpmの連続混合下、押し出したプレポリマー液流を分散させて、水により連鎖延長した。約50分の期間に、総量約540グラムのプレポリマーが導入され、水中で分散した。プレポリマーを加えて分散させた直後に、この分散混合物に、Additive65(Dow Corning(登録商標)、Midland Michiganから市販)約2グラムおよびジエチルアミン(DEA)約6グラムを投入した。次に、この反応混合物をさらに約30分間、混合した。得られた、溶媒を含まない水性分散液は、乳白色で安定していた。この分散液の粘度は、約2.0重量%の水性分散液のレベルにおいて、Hauthane HA増粘剤900(Hauthway、Lynn、Massachusettsから市販)を添加して混合することにより調節した。次に、40ミクロンのBendix金属メッシュフィルターによりこの粘性分散液をろ過し、フィルムキャストまたは積層使用を行うため、室温で保管した。この分散液は、固体レベル43%、および粘度約25,000センチポアズを有した。
実施例1、2および4
1)カップにパートAのジイソシアネートを秤量する。2)異なるカップにパートBのグリコールを秤量する。3)木製スティックを用いて、パートBを「混合」する(カップ内にパートB以外に何も存在しない場合でも)。4)木製スティックを使用して、パートBのカップの内容物をパートAのカップに注ぎ入れ、パートBの液をできるだけ多く掻き出す。5)ここで、上記の3番と同様に、同じ木製スティックを使用して、パートAのカップ中で、パートA/パートB混合物を混合する。
実施例3
実施例5〜21
Claims (12)
- (a)少なくとも1種のポリオール、連鎖延長剤組成物、および発泡剤を含む、第1の組成物を準備するステップと、
(b)少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート、キャップドグリコール、およびそれらの組合せを含む、第2の組成物を準備するステップと、
(c)前記第1の組成物および前記第2の組成物を混合して反応混合物を形成させ、加熱鋳型に入れるステップと、
(d)この反応混合物からポリウレタン発泡体を形成させるステップと、
を含む成形ポリウレタン発泡体物品を調製する方法であって、
前記第1の組成物が、
(i)前記連鎖延長剤組成物が、少なくとも1種のアミン化合物を含むこと、
(ii)前記発泡剤が、ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液を含むこと、および
(iii)(i)および(ii)の組合せであること
のうちの1つを含む、方法。 - 前記連鎖延長剤がジオールを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アミン化合物が、ジアミン、ヒドロキシル官能基を有するアミン化合物、およびそれらの組合せから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ジオールと前記ジアミン化合物の重量比が、少なくとも75:25である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記アミン化合物が、1,2−エチレンジアミン、1,4−ブタンジアミン、1,6−ヘキサメチレンジアミン、1,12−ドデカンジアミン、1,2−プロパンジアミン、2−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジアミン、1,2−シクロヘキサンジアミン、1,4−シクロヘキサンジアミン、4,4’−メチレン−ビス(シクロヘキシルアミン)、イソホロンジアミン、2,2−ジメチル−1,3−プロパンジアミン、メタ−テトラメチルキシレンジアミン、N,N’−ジメチル−1,3−プロパンジアミン、N,N’−ジメチル−1,6−ヘキサンジアミン、N,N’−ジブチル−ベンゼン−1,4−ジアミン、N,N’−ジメチル−1,2−フェニレンジアミン、エタノールアミン、プロパノールアミン、メタノールアミン、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ジオールが、エチレングリコール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,2−プロピレングリコール、3−メチル−1,5−ペンタンジオール、2,2−ジメチル−1,3−トリメチレンジオール、2,2,4−トリメチル−1,5−ペンタンジオール、2−メチル−2−エチル−1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−ビス(ヒドロキシエトキシ)ベンゼン、および1,4−ブタンジオール、ならびにそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液が、
(1)ポリエーテル、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、およびそれらの組合せから選択される少なくとも1種のポリオールであって、600〜4000の数平均分子量を有するポリオール、
(2)少なくとも1種の芳香族ジイソシアネートを含むポリイソシアネート、
(3)場合により、中和剤、およびジオール化合物であって、(i)ポリイソシアネートと反応することができるヒドロキシ基、および(ii)中和すると塩を形成することができるがポリイソシアネートと反応することができない少なくとも1つのカルボン酸基を含むジオール化合物、
(4)ジアミン連鎖延長剤、水、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される連鎖延長剤、ならびに
(5)場合により、イソシアネート用ブロック剤、ならびに
(6)少なくとも1種の表面活性剤、
の反応生成物であるポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ポリウレタン水性分散液が、溶媒を実質的に含まない、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液が、第1の組成物の1.0重量%〜50.0重量%の量で存在している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液が、第1の組成物の5.0重量%〜20.0重量%の量で存在している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法により調製される成形ポリウレタン発泡体物品。
- 混合して鋳型に射出された第1および第2の組成物の混合物の反応生成物を含む、成形ポリウレタン発泡体物品であって、
(a)前記第1の組成物が、少なくとも1種のポリオール、連鎖延長剤組成物、および発泡剤を含み、
(b)前記第2の組成物が、少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート、キャップドグリコール、およびそれらの組合せを含み、
前記第1の組成物が、
(i)前記連鎖延長剤組成物が、少なくとも1種のアミン化合物を含むこと、
(ii)前記発泡剤が、ポリウレタン尿素水性分散液を含むこと、および
(iii)(i)および(ii)の組合せであること
のうちの1つを含む、物品。
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EP2920233B1 (en) | 2024-05-15 |
KR20150084962A (ko) | 2015-07-22 |
WO2014078395A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
WO2014078395A8 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
JP6622088B2 (ja) | 2019-12-18 |
BR112015010970A8 (pt) | 2019-10-01 |
CN104995242A (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
BR112015010970B1 (pt) | 2021-06-01 |
US20160280838A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
EP2920233A4 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
CN104995242B (zh) | 2018-05-15 |
KR102208699B1 (ko) | 2021-01-29 |
US10040890B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
EP2920233A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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