JP2015534596A - 熱伝導性プラスチックを製造するための熱伝導性プラスチック組成物、押出装置および方法 - Google Patents
熱伝導性プラスチックを製造するための熱伝導性プラスチック組成物、押出装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Y10T428/2991—Coated
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y10T428/2993—Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]
- Y10T428/2995—Silane, siloxane or silicone coating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y10T428/2993—Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]
- Y10T428/2996—Glass particles or spheres
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Abstract
Description
熱伝導性プラスチック組成物はポリマーマトリクスおよび熱伝導性充填剤を含む。一実施形態において、熱伝導性プラスチック組成物は、ポリマーマトリクスおよび窒化ホウ素材料を含む。別の実施形態において、本組成物は複数の熱伝導性充填剤を含む。また別の実施形態において、官能基化添加剤は熱伝導性充填剤とともに使用される。
ポリマーマトリクス材料は、特定の目的または意図した用途の要望に応じて任意の高分子または樹脂材料を含むことができる。一実施形態において、高分子/樹脂材料は熱可塑性材料であってもよい。別の実施形態において、高分子/樹脂材料は熱硬化性材料であってもよい。適切な高分子材料の例としては、ポリカーボネート;アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン(ABS)(C8H8C4H6C3H3N);ポリカーボネート/アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレンアロイ(PC−ABS);ポリブチレンテレフタラート(PBT);ポリエチレンテレフタラート(PET);ポリフェニレンオキシド(PPO);ポリフェニレンスルフィド(PPS);ポリフェニレンエーテル;ポリスチレンを含む変性ポリフェニレンエーテル;液体結晶高分子;ポリスチレン;スチレン−アクリロニトリルコポリマー;ゴム強化ポリスチレン;ポリエーテルケトン(PEEK);アクリル酸およびメタクリル酸のアルキルエステルのポリマーおよびコポリマーなどのアクリル樹脂;スチレン−メタクリル酸メチルコポリマー;スチレン−メタクリル酸メチル−ブタジエンコポリマー;ポリメタクリル酸メチル;メタクリル酸メチル−スチレンコポリマー;ポリ酢酸ビニル;ポリスルホン;ポリエーテルスルホン;ポリエーテルイミド;ポリアリレート;ポリアミドイミド;ポリ塩化ビニル;塩化ビニル−エチレンコポリマー;塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニルコポリマー;ポリイミド、ポリアミド;ポリエチレンなどのポリオレフィン;超高分子量ポリエチレン;高密度ポリエチレン;直鎖低密度ポリエチレン;ポリエチレンナフタラート;ポリエチレンテレフタラート;ポリプロピレン;塩素化ポリエチレン;エチレンアクリル酸コポリマー;ポリアミド、例えば、ナイロン6、ナイロン6,6など;フェニレンオキシド樹脂;フェニレンスルフィド樹脂;ポリオキシメチレン;ポリエステル;ポリ塩化ビニル;塩化ビニリデン/塩化ビニル樹脂;およびポリスチレンなどのビニル芳香族樹脂;ポリ(ビニルナフタレン);ポリ(ビニルトルエン);ポリイミド;ポリアリールエーテルエーテルケトン;ポリフタルアミド;ポリエーテルエーテルケトン;ポリアリールエーテルケトン、ならびにそれらの2種以上の組み合わせが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
熱伝導性プラスチック組成物は熱伝導性充填剤を含む。組成物が複数の熱伝導性充填剤を含むことができることは理解されよう。一実施形態において、熱伝導性充填剤は、特定の目的または用途のために要望に応じて選ぶことができる。一実施形態において、熱伝導性充填剤は、窒化ホウ素、シリカ、ガラス繊維、例えば、酸化亜鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化ベリリウム、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化イットリウムなどの金属酸化物、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、雲母、珪灰石、粘土、剥離した粘土、アルミナ、窒化アルミニウム、黒鉛、金属粉末(例えば、アルミニウム、銅、青銅、黄銅など)、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる。一実施形態において、熱伝導性充填剤は、低い電気伝導率を有するか、または電気絶縁体である。
一実施形態において、熱伝導性組成物は、例えば、シラン添加剤などの官能基化添加剤を含む。一実施形態において、シラン添加剤は、アルカクリルオキシシラン、ビニルシラン、ハロシラン(例えば、クロロシラン)、メルカプトシラン、ブロック化メルカプトシラン、チオカルボキシラートシラン、またはその2種以上の組み合わせから選ぶことができる。一実施形態において、熱伝導性組成物は、約1から約5重量%のシラン;約1.5から約4重量%;さらに約2.7から約3.7重量%の充填剤を含むことができる。
他の実施形態において、充填剤成分は、1種または複数のそれぞれの充填剤成分を含む充填剤組成物の一部として加えることができる。一態様において、充填剤材料は、窒化ホウ素、シラン、および任意の1種または複数の他の充填剤材料のブレンド物として与えられる。
熱伝導性プラスチック組成物は、約20から約80重量%のポリマーマトリクス;約30から約70重量%のポリマーマトリクス;約35から約65重量%のポリマーマトリクス;さらに約42から約58重量%のポリマーマトリクス、および約20から約80重量%の熱伝導性充填剤;約25から約65重量%の熱伝導性充填剤;約30から約58重量%の熱伝導性充填剤;さらに約35から約55重量%の熱伝導性充填剤を含むことができる。一実施形態において、熱伝導性充填剤材料の合計濃度は、約60重量%以下;約55重量%以下;さらに約50重量%以下である。体積パーセント(v/v)による組成物中のポリマーマトリクスの体積は、20%から約90%;30%から約80%;40%から約70%;さらに35%から約65%の範囲であってもよく、熱伝導性充填剤の体積は、10%から約80%;15%から約65%;20%から約50%;さらに25%から約45%の範囲であってもよい。厚さ方向熱伝導率は、組成物に基づく理論比熱容量(Cp)値を用いレーザーフラッシュ方法(ASTM E 1461)を使用して成型ゲートから離れたASTM標準ドッグボーンのつまみ部分の中央で測定される。面内熱伝導率は、厚さ方向測定法と同一の位置からの積層試料を構成することにより測定され、ここでドッグボーン試料の面内の熱伝導率を流れの方向または流れの向きに垂直のいずれかに測定することができるように、積層試料が構成される。引張特性はインストロンUTMで、衝撃強度はTMI Impact TesterでASTM標準D638およびD256にそれぞれ従って測定される。実験室規模の実験に関しては、配合はブラベンダー・プラスチコーダー・バッチミキサーで行われる。配合試料は<0.4mmに圧縮成型され、面内熱伝導率は、特殊な試料ホルダーおよび面内マスク(ネッチ・インストルメンツ)を使用して、修正レーザーフラッシュ法を使用して測定される。所与の組成物に関して、面内熱伝導率を測定する両方法は同等の結果を与える。
熱伝導性組成物および前記組成物から形成された物品は、例えば、押出配合工程などの混合、ブレンドおよび配合の技法を使用して製造することができる。プラスチック材料の押出配合は、一般に押出機スクリューを用いて高分子組成物をブレンドしダイに向けて材料を運ぶ。スクリューは、一軸スクリューまたは二軸スクリューを含むがこれらに限定されない。二軸スクリューは、同方向回転型二軸スクリュー、異方向回転型二軸スクリュー、同方向回転噛み合い型二軸スクリューなどを含むことができる。一実施形態において、押出配合工程は、二軸スクリュー配合押出機を使用することができる。
熱可塑性組成物、およびそのような組成物を製造する方法は、様々に応用して使用することができる成型品を形成するのに使用することができる。物品は、特定の目的または意図した使用の要望に応じて様々な形態に成形することができる。一実施形態において、物品は、照明組立体、蓄電池システム、センサーおよび電子コンポーネント、スマートフォン、MP3プレーヤー、携帯電話などの携帯用電子機器、コンピュータ、テレビなどを含む様々な用途における熱管理のためのヒートシンク構造の一部を形成することができる。
実施例
以下の表4の実施例7−16を、ブラベンダー・プラスチコーダー・バッチミキサーを使用して、ナイロン5樹脂に配合して製造する。配合試料を薄膜(約0.3mm厚さ)に圧縮成型し、面内熱伝導率を、面内試料マスク(ネッチ・インストルメンツ)を使用して修正レーザーフラッシュ法を使用して測定した。
実施例17−20は、ビニルシラン添加剤を含む、および含まない熱伝導性組成物を示す。プラスチック組成物を、窒化ホウ素充填剤を含むポリカーボネート樹脂から形成する。前記組成物を、図3に記載するスクリュー構成を使用して二軸押出機を使用して配合する。窒化ホウ素濃度およびシラン添加剤濃度を表5に示す。
高い熱伝導率を有する組成物を提供することに加えて、本方法はまた、優れた機械的特性を有する組成物を提供する。実施例21−24において、図3で示されるスクリューを使用し、充填剤組成物の3重量パーセント(示す場合)の装填率のNXTシランとともに窒化ホウ素をPA6樹脂に配合し、前述のように射出成型する。表6は、組成物の諸特性を示す。
実施例25−26
実施例25−26は、HCPL窒化ホウ素、酸化亜鉛、チタニアおよびシランをナイロン樹脂に加え、ブラベンダー・プラスチコーダー・ミキシングボウル中で混合することにより調製する。表7は、樹脂の熱伝導率データを示す。
実施例1−24は、混合時または配合時に充填剤成分およびシランを樹脂組成物に別々に加えることにより調製する。
シランで処理した窒化ホウ素充填剤を、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ナイロン樹脂またはポリプロピレン樹脂の1つに加え、ブラベンダー・プラスチコーダー・ミキシングボウルを使用して混合する。窒化ホウ素はHCPL等級である。窒化ホウ素は組成物の40重量パーセントで装填し、シラン濃度を変化させる。表9−11は組成物の熱伝導率を示す。
窒化ホウ素、酸化亜鉛、任意のガラス繊維、およびシランを用いて、ブレンドした充填剤組成物を調製する。シランはNXTである。調製されたブレンドした充填剤をナイロン6樹脂に導入する。樹脂に導入する充填剤は、ブレンドした充填剤を事前に熱処理するかまたは熱処理せずに導入される。充填剤組成物は、樹脂へ導入前に50℃で72時間、対流オーブン中で熱処理される。表12は前記組成物の熱伝導率を示す。表12の前記組成物は、ブラベンダー・プラスチコーダーを用いて配合する。
Claims (59)
- 窒化ホウ素;
金属酸化物;および
シランのブレンド物を含む、充填剤組成物。 - 前記窒化ホウ素が約15重量パーセントから約75重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記金属酸化物が約5重量パーセントから約80重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記シランが約0.1重量パーセントから約6重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項1に記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が約25重量パーセントから約70重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記金属酸化物が約15重量パーセントから約75重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記シランが約0.5重量パーセントから約5重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項1に記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が約30重量パーセントから約70重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記金属酸化物が約20重量パーセントから約50重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記シランが約1重量パーセントから約3.5重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項1に記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が、窒化ホウ素小板、窒化ホウ素凝集体またはそれらの混合物から選ばれる、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が、0.3ミクロンから約200ミクロンの粒径を有する小板を含む、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が、約5ミクロンから約500ミクロンの平均粒径を有する窒化ホウ素凝集体を含む、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記金属酸化物が、酸化亜鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化ベリリウム、二酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記シランが、アルカクリルオキシシラン、ビニルシラン、ハロシラン、メルカプトシラン、ブロック化メルカプトシラン、チオカルボキシラートシラン、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記シランが、3−オクタノイルチオ−1−プロピルトリエトキシシラン;ビニルトリス(2−メトキシ−エトキシ)シラン;ガンマ−メタクリルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- ガラス繊維、ガラスフレーク、粘土、剥離した粘土、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、雲母、珪灰石、粘土、剥離した粘土、アルミナ、窒化アルミニウム、黒鉛、またはアルミニウム、銅、青銅もしくは黄銅の金属粉末もしくは薄片、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる追加の充填剤成分をさらに含む、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記追加の充填剤成分が、約0.1重量パーセントから約30重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項11に記載の充填剤組成物。
- 約2重量パーセントから約20重量パーセントの量のガラス繊維またはガラスフレークをさらに含む、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 熱伝導性組成物であって、高分子材料;および
前記高分子材料中に分散した熱伝導性充填剤組成物を含み、
前記熱伝導性充填剤組成物が、窒化ホウ素、金属酸化物およびシランのブレンド物を含む、熱伝導性組成物。 - 2.0W/mK以上の面内熱伝導率を有する、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 5W/mK以上の面内熱伝導率を有する、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の全重量の約58重量%以下の合計濃度の熱伝導性充填剤を含む、請求項14から16のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の約35体積(v/v)%以下の熱伝導性充填剤の合計含有率を有する、請求項14から17のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 窒化ホウ素小板、窒化ホウ素凝集体またはそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる窒化ホウ素を含む、請求項14から18のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の約41重量%以下の濃度の窒化ホウ素を含む、請求項14から19のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の約37重量%以下の濃度の窒化ホウ素を含む、請求項14から19のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の約31重量%以下の濃度の窒化ホウ素を含む、請求項14から19のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の約25重量%以下の濃度の窒化ホウ素を含む、請求項14から19のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の約23重量%以下の濃度の窒化ホウ素を含む、請求項14から19のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記充填剤の合計体積分率が、前記組成物全体の約45体積パーセント以下である、請求項19から24のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記熱伝導性充填剤組成物中に、前記窒化ホウ素が約15重量パーセントから約75重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記金属酸化物が約5重量パーセントから約80重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記シランが約0.1重量パーセントから約6重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項14から25のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記熱伝導性充填剤組成物中に、前記窒化ホウ素が約25重量パーセントから約70重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記金属酸化物が約15重量パーセントから約75重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記シランが約0.5重量パーセントから約5重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項14から25のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記熱伝導性充填剤組成物中に、前記窒化ホウ素が約30重量パーセントから約70重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記金属酸化物が約20重量パーセントから約50重量パーセントの量で存在し;前記シランが約1重量パーセントから約3.5重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項14から25のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が、窒化ホウ素粒子、窒化ホウ素凝集体またはそれらの混合物から選ばれる、請求項14から28のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が、0.3ミクロンから約200ミクロンの粒径を有する小板を含む、請求項14から29のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記窒化ホウ素が、約5ミクロンから約500ミクロンの平均粒径を有する窒化ホウ素凝集体を含む、請求項14から30のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記金属酸化物が、酸化亜鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化ベリリウム、二酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる、請求項14から31のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記シランが、アルカクリルオキシシラン、ビニルシラン、ハロシラン、メルカプトシラン、ブロック化メルカプトシラン、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる、請求項14から32のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記シランが、3−オクタノイルチオ−1−プロピルトリエトキシシラン;ビニルトリス(2−メトキシ−エトキシ)シラン;ガンマ−メタクリルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる、請求項14から33のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記熱伝導性充填剤組成物が、ガラス繊維、ガラスフレーク、粘土、剥離した粘土、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、雲母、珪灰石、粘土、剥離した粘土、アルミナ、窒化アルミニウム、黒鉛、またはアルミニウム、銅、青銅もしくは黄銅の金属粉末、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選ばれる追加の充填剤成分をさらに含む、請求項14から34のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記追加の充填剤成分が、約0.1重量パーセントから約30重量パーセントの量で存在する、請求項35に記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記熱伝導性充填剤組成物が、約0重量パーセントから約20重量パーセントの量のガラス繊維またはガラスフレークをさらに含む、請求項14から25のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 前記組成物が、約3.5:1以下の面内熱伝導率と厚さ方向伝導率の比を有する、請求項14から37のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記面内熱伝導率が少なくとも10W/mKである、請求項14から38のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 19J/m以上のノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃値を有する、請求項14から39のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 25J/m以上のノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃値を有する、請求項14から39のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 30J/m以上のノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃値を有する、請求項14から39のいずれかに記載の充填剤組成物。
- 35J/m以上のノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃値を有する、請求項14から39のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 7000psi以上の引張強度値を有する、請求項14から43のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 8000psi以上の引張強度値を有する、請求項14から43のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 9000psi以上の引張強度値を有する、請求項14から43のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 0.8%以上の破断時歪み値を有する、請求項14から46のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 1.0%以上の破断時歪み値を有する、請求項14から46のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 1.3%以上の破断時歪み値を有する、請求項14から46のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 請求項14から49のいずれかに記載の組成物によって形成された成形物品。
- 請求項50に記載の成形物品を含む熱管理組立体。
- 最終組成物が、L*、a*、b*スケールで90を超えるL*、−1.3から1.3のa*、および−2.5から2.5のb*の色を有する、請求項14から49のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 充填剤組成物が、L*、a*、b*スケールで90を超えるL*、−1.3から1.3のa*、および−2.5から2.5のb*の色を有する、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記充填剤が窒化ホウ素およびシランのブレンド物を含み、前記シランは、前記窒化ホウ素および前記金属酸化物の表面に縮合されている、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記充填剤が前記ブレンド物中に金属酸化物をさらに含み、前記シランが、前記窒化ホウ素および前記金属酸化物の前記ブレンド物の表面に縮合されている、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記充填剤が窒化ホウ素およびシランのブレンド物を含み、前記シランが、前記窒化ホウ素および前記金属酸化物の表面に縮合されている、請求項14から49のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記充填剤が前記ブレンド物中に金属酸化物をさらに含み、前記シランが、該窒化ホウ素および前記金属酸化物の前記ブレンド物の表面に縮合されている、請求項14から49のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記追加の充填剤が、前記樹脂との適合性を改善するために任意の表面処理またはサイジングされていてもよい、請求項11から13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記追加の充填剤が、前記樹脂との適合性を改善するために任意の表面処理またはサイジングされていてもよい、請求項35から37のいずれかに記載の組成物。
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EP2898003B8 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
CN104981503B (zh) | 2017-11-07 |
EP2898003B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
WO2014047297A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
US20140080952A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
US20140080951A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
JP6406549B2 (ja) | 2018-10-17 |
WO2014047298A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
CN104981503A (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
EP2898003A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
US8946333B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
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