JP2015193779A - 常温硬化型水性塗料組成物 - Google Patents
常温硬化型水性塗料組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015193779A JP2015193779A JP2014147117A JP2014147117A JP2015193779A JP 2015193779 A JP2015193779 A JP 2015193779A JP 2014147117 A JP2014147117 A JP 2014147117A JP 2014147117 A JP2014147117 A JP 2014147117A JP 2015193779 A JP2015193779 A JP 2015193779A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- coating composition
- aqueous
- room temperature
- mass
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000717 hydrazino group Chemical group [H]N([*])N([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C09D133/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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Abstract
【解決手段】 本発明は、(a)ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、および(b)上記成分(a)と共重合しうる不飽和モノマー、を含有し、成分(a)の量がモノマー総質量に対して4〜40質量%であるモノマー混合物を連鎖移動剤の存在下に乳化重合して得られた水性エマルション(A)、ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)、および水性ウレタンポリマー(C)、を含有する、常温硬化型水性塗料組成物であって、上記ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)の含有量は、上記水性エマルション(A)の重合に用いられるダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド(a)1当量に対して、ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)が有するヒドラジノ基の当量が2当量以下となる量である、常温硬化型水性塗料組成物、を提供する。
【選択図】なし
Description
即ち、本発明は、
(a)ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、および
(b)上記成分(a)と共重合しうる不飽和モノマー、
を含有し、成分(a)の量がモノマー総質量に対して4〜40質量%であるモノマー混合物を連鎖移動剤の存在下に乳化重合して得られた水性エマルション(A)、
ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)、および
水性ウレタンポリマー(C)、
を含有する、常温硬化型水性塗料組成物であって、
上記ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)の含有量は、上記水性エマルション(A)の重合に用いられるダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド(a)1当量に対して、ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)が有するヒドラジノ基の当量が2当量以下となる量である、
常温硬化型水性塗料組成物、
を提供する。
本発明では、(a)ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、および(b)上記成分(a)と共重合しうる不飽和モノマー、を含有し、成分(a)の量がモノマー総質量に対して4〜40質量%であるモノマー混合物を連鎖移動剤の存在下に乳化重合して得られた水性エマルション(A)を形成する。
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)を含む。なお本明細書中において「ヒドラジノ基」とは、ヒドラジノ基およびヒドラジド基の両方を意味するものとする。上記ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)は硬化剤として作用する。例えば、水性エマルション(A)に含まれる、成分(a)に由来するアセチル基と、ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)が有するヒドラジノ基とが反応して、架橋が生じ、硬化する。
で表されるジヒドラジド化合物であるのが好ましい。式中、nは0〜8であり、好ましくは1〜6であり、より好ましくは2〜4であり、さらに好ましくは4である。nが9以上の場合、親水性が低下し、水に溶解することが困難となる。
例えば、成分(B)がヒドラジンを含む場合は、ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド(a)1当量に対して、ヒドラジンが2当量以下となる量で用いられる。
また例えば、成分(B)が上記ジヒドラジド化合物を含む場合は、ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド(a)1当量に対して、上記ジヒドラジド化合物が有するヒドラジノ基(ヒドラジド基)の当量が2当量以下となる量、つまり、上記ジヒドラジド化合物が1当量以下となる量、で用いられる。
ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)の含有量は、水性エマルション(A)の重合において用いられるダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド(a)1当量に対して、ヒドラジノ基が1.2当量以下となる量であるのがより好ましく、ヒドラジノ基が0.05〜1当量となる量であるのがさらに好ましい。なおここで「以下」とは、0を含まない概念であって、微量でも含まれていることを意味する。
ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)の含有量が、ヒドラジノ基の当量として2.0当量より多い場合は、含有量に伴った性能の向上が見られず、さらには低温初期耐水性が低下する。なおヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)の含有量が、ヒドラジノ基の当量として0.05〜1当量となる量である場合は、低温初期耐水性が極めて良好となる。ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)が含まれないと、塗膜の耐水フクレおよび2次付着性が低下する。
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、水性ウレタンポリマー(C)を含む。この水性ウレタンポリマー(C)は、ウレタン基の凝集力により、成分(A)の成膜を促進し、塗膜の強度を向上させる。
有機ポリイソシアネート(C−3)として、脂肪族ジイソシアネートを用いるのがより好ましい。脂肪族ジイソシアネートを用いて水性ウレタンポリマー(C)を調製することによって、得られる塗膜の透水性を適切な範囲に調節することができ、また良好な低温初期耐水性を得ることができるという利点がある。
本発明における水性塗料組成物は、上記成分(A)〜(C)に加えて、必要に応じた他の成分を含んでもよい。他の成分として、例えば、顔料、意匠材料(砂、硅砂、カラーサンド、ビーズ、カラーチップ、鉱物チップ、ガラスチップ、木質チップおよびカラービーズなど)、その他水性樹脂、造膜助剤、表面調整剤、防腐剤、防かび剤、消泡剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、pH調整剤などが挙げられる。
製造例1
滴下ロート、還流冷却器、撹拌装置および温度計付きガラス製反応容器に、脱イオン水50.50部及び反応性乳化剤として乳化剤(ベレックスSS−H;花王株式会社製)1.50部を入れ、内容物温度を85℃とした。その中にメタクリル酸2.78、スチレン13.90部、アクリル酸2エチルヘキシル28.07部、ブチルメタクリレート28.07部、メタクリル酸メチル23.17部、ダイアセトンアクリルアミド(以下、「DAAM」と呼ぶことがある。)4.01部、ドデシルメルカプタン1.20部、乳化剤(ベレックスSS−H;花王株式会社製)4.00部、及び脱イオン水51.40部からなるプレ乳化液と、重合開始剤として過硫酸アンモニウム5.0%水溶液10部を滴下ロートより2時間かけて一定速度で滴下し、反応させた。反応温度は85℃を保った。滴下終了後3時間同温度に保った後30℃に冷却後取り出し、不揮発分49%の樹脂エマルションを得た。
上記製造例1と同様であるが、モノマー配合を下記表1に記載のように変更して樹脂エマルションを得た。
特許文献1(特開平4-249587号公報)の[0012]段落に記載の製造例1の水性エマルションAを作成した。
2リットルの4つ口フラスコに脱イオン水242部、Newcol 707SF(第一工業製薬製、固形分30%)2.4部を加え、窒素置換後、80℃に保った。下記組成のプレエマルションを滴下する直前に0.7部の過硫酸アンモニウムを加え、プレエマルションを3時間にわたって滴下した。
滴下終了後30分より、30分間0.7部の過硫酸アンモニウムを7部の脱イオン水に溶かした溶液を滴下し、さらに2時間80℃に保ってエマルションAを得た。
製造例A
温度計および攪拌機を付けた密閉反応槽に、ポリエチレンアジペートジオール(数平均分子量2000)162.0部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸47.6部、n−ブタノール13.8部、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)176.0部、アセトン400.0部を仕込み、反応系を窒素ガスで置換したのち、攪拌下80℃で7時間反応してNCO%含有量2.68%のNCO末端ウレタンプレポリマーのアセトン溶液を得た。得られたアセトン溶液を30℃に冷却してトリエチルアミン35.9部を加えた。つぎに水895.0部を該アセトン溶液に加え、減圧下50〜60℃でアセトンを除去し、固形分30.0%の水性ウレタンポリマー1300.0部を得た。
温度計および攪拌機を付けた密閉反応槽に、ポリプロピレングリコール(数平均分子量2000、PP−2000、三洋化成工業製)246.7部、1,4−ブタンジオールを15.1部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸17.9部、IPDI 123.0部、アセトン400部を仕込み、反応系を窒素ガスで置換したのち、攪拌下80℃で7時間反応してNCO%含有量1.67%のNCO末端ウレタンプレポリマーを得た。得られたアセトン溶液を30℃に冷却してトリエチルアミン13.5部を加えた。つぎに水692.0部を該アセトン溶液に加え、減圧下50〜60℃でアセトンを除去し、固形分30.0%の水性ウレタンポリマー1000.0部を得た。
温度計および攪拌機を付けた密閉反応槽に、ポリカプロラクトンジオール(数平均分子量2000)246.7部、1,4−ブタンジオールを7.4部、トリメチロールプロパン5.1部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸17.9部、IPDI 123.0部、アセトン400部を仕込み、反応系を窒素ガスで置換したのち、攪拌下80℃で7時間反応してNCO%含有量1.67%のNCO末端ウレタンプレポリマーを得た。得られたアセトン溶液を30℃に冷却してトリエチルアミン13.5部を加えた。つぎに水685.0部を該アセトン溶液に加え、減圧下50〜60℃でアセトンを除去し、固形分30.0%の水性ウレタンポリマー970.0部を得た。
温度計および攪拌機を付けた密閉反応槽に、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)6000(分子量6000) を240部、2−オクチル−1−ドデカノールのエチレンオキサイド(EO)20モル付加物を99 部仕込み、減圧下(10mmHg以下)にて90から100℃で3時間脱水し、系の水分量を0.03%とした。次いで、80℃に冷却しヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−ト(HMDI)を14.8部を加え窒素気流下80〜90℃にて2時間反応させ、イソシアネート含量が0%であることを確認し、次に水825部を加えて均一混合後冷却し、固形分30.0%の水性ウレタンポリマー1150.0部を得た。
顔料分散剤としてDISPER BKY190(ビックケミー社製から市販)3部、白色塗料用の顔料として酸化チタン(商品名:TIPAQUE チタンCR−95、石原産業社製)20部、脱イオン水4部からなるチタン白分散ペーストに、上記製造例1で得られた樹脂エマルション(不揮発分(NV)49%)を52部、製造例Aで得られた水性ウレタンポリマー(不揮発分30%)を17部、増膜助剤としてトクソルベント(昭栄化学製石油系混合溶剤)を3.1部、防腐剤としてバイオカットAF−40(日本曹達社製)を0.05部、防汚剤としてベストサイド201を0.03部、pH調整剤として25%アンモニア水を0.1部、増粘剤としてプライマル ASE−60(ローム・アンド・ハース社製)を2部、架橋剤としてアジピン酸ジヒドラジド7.5%水溶液を3部、消泡剤としてBYK−024(ビックケミー社製)を0.2部混合して水性塗料組成物を得た。
下地塗膜製造例1
基材として磨き鋼板を用い、その上に錆止め塗料として弱溶剤2液型塗料(日本ペイント社製ハイポンファインプライマーII)をエアスプレーで乾燥膜厚50μmに塗装し、1日乾燥し、下地塗膜製造例1を得た。
上記下地塗膜の上に、上記で作成した水性塗料を5℃環境下で、塗布量が120g/m2となるように刷毛で塗装し、5℃で3時間乾燥させた。作製された塗膜を5℃の水に16時間浸漬し、そして引き上げ直後に、塗膜外観について、JIS K5600−8−2に準拠して目視評価し、発生した塗膜フクレの密度および大きさについて、それぞれ等級0〜5、1〜5で評価を記載した。表3及び4には、密度/大きさの形で記載した。それぞれ等級2以下を良、3〜5を不良と判定した。密度0の場合は塗膜フクレ無しなので、大きさ「−」で表した。
密度
0:塗膜フクレが全く生じていない。
1:試験塗膜に対する塗膜フクレの部分の面積が、1%未満と判断される。
2:試験塗膜に対する塗膜フクレの部分の面積が、1%以上3%未満と判断される。
3:試験塗膜に対する塗膜フクレの部分の面積が、3%以上7%未満と判断される。
4:試験塗膜に対する塗膜フクレの部分の面積が、7%以上30%未満と判断される。
5:試験塗膜に対する塗膜フクレの部分の面積が、30%を超えると判断される。
大きさ
1:塗膜フクレの直径が0.5mm未満である。
2:直径0.5mm以上1mm未満の大きさの塗膜フクレが存在する。
3:直径1mm以上2mm未満の大きさの塗膜フクレが存在する。
4:直径2mm以上3mm未満の大きさの塗膜フクレが存在する。
5:直径3mm以上の大きさの塗膜フクレが存在する。
基材として磨き鋼板を用い、その上に錆止め塗料として弱溶剤2液型塗料(日本ペイント社製ハイポンファインプライマーII)をエアスプレーで乾燥膜厚50μmに塗装し、1日乾燥した。次に、表2に示す各種塗料を刷毛塗りで乾燥膜厚60μmに塗装し、それぞれの下地塗膜製造例2〜7を得た。
下地塗膜製造例2〜7をそれぞれ塗装後、被塗物をJIS K5600−7−7に従う促進耐候性(キセノンアークランプ法)により3,000時間劣化させた下地塗膜製造例8〜13(旧塗膜)を得た。
上記各下地塗膜の表面をから拭きし、その上に上記で作成した水性塗料を乾燥膜厚60μmになるように刷毛塗り塗装した。塗装後、23℃で湿度50%の条件の恒温恒湿部屋で7日間養生した。その後、同様の環境下で没水試験を開始した。没水から7日後に水から引き上げた。引き上げた直後に、塗膜外観について、JIS K5600−8−2に準拠して目視評価し、発生した塗膜フクレの密度および大きさについて、それぞれ等級0〜5、1〜5で評価を記載した。表3及び4には、密度/大きさの形で記載した。それぞれ等級2以下を良、3〜5を不良と判定した。密度0の場合は塗膜フクレ無しなので、大きさ「−」で表した。なお、発生した塗膜フクレの密度の等級(0〜5)および大きさの等級(1〜5)は上記と同様である。
上記耐水フクレ試験の判定から5分後に、碁盤目テープ剥離試験(2次付着試験)を実施した。耐水フクレ試験を行った塗装板に対して、カッターナイフ(NTカッターS型、A型、またはそれ、相当品)の切り刃を30度に保持して、素地に達するよう2mm間隔の平行線を11本引き、それらの平行線に直交する2mm間隔の平行線を11本引いて、塗膜に100個の碁盤目を形成した。この碁盤目の上に接着テープ(ニチバン社製の工業用セロハンテープ)を気泡が残らないように指先で均一に圧着させた後、接着テープの端を持ち、塗面に対して60度の角度で引っ張って、塗面からテープを剥がし、100個の碁盤目の剥がれの有無などについて、下記基準により目視評価した。
0:碁盤目カットの縁が完全に滑らかであり、はく離は確認されない。
1:碁盤目カットの交差点においてはく離が確認されるものの、はく離部分の面積は、塗膜全体の5%未満である。
2:はく離部分の面積が、塗膜全体に対して5%以上15%未満である。
3:はく離部分の面積が、塗膜全体に対して15%以上35%未満である。
4:はく離部分の面積が、塗膜全体に対して35%以上65%未満である。
5:はく離部分の面積が、塗膜全体に対して65%以上である。
スレート板にシーラー(水性カチオンシーラー 日本ペイント社製)をローラーで塗装した。塗装翌日に、調製した水性塗料組成物を、乾燥膜厚が60μmになるように刷毛塗りで塗装した。塗装後、23℃で温度50%条件下の恒温恒湿部屋で14日養生した。その後、同様の環境下で透水試験を開始した。透水試験方法及び評価基準は、JIS A 6909に記載された透水試験B法に従って実施した。具体的には、14日養生した塗装板を水平に保持し、この塗装板の上に、口径75mmの漏斗を逆さに置き、口径の周りを、シリコーンシーリング材を用いて、試験板に止め付け、48時間放置した。漏斗の足の上部に、1目盛り0.05mlのメスピペット(容量5ml)を、ゴム管を用いて連結した。23℃の水を、水面の高さが試験板から250mmとなるように入れ、24時間放置した。水を入れた直後の水面のメスピペットの目盛りと、24時間放置した後の水面のメスピペットの目盛りの差を求めた。
塗料配合を表3および4に記載するように変更すること以外は実施例1と同様に塗料を調製し、その後実施例1と同様に低温初期耐水性試験、耐水フクレ試験、2次付着性試験および透水試験を行った。得られた結果を表3および4に示す。
Claims (5)
- (a)ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、および
(b)前記成分(a)と共重合しうる不飽和モノマー、
を含有し、成分(a)の量がモノマー総質量に対して4〜40質量%であるモノマー混合物を連鎖移動剤の存在下に乳化重合して得られた水性エマルション(A)、
ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)、および
水性ウレタンポリマー(C)、
を含有する、常温硬化型水性塗料組成物であって、
前記ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)の含有量は、前記水性エマルション(A)の重合に用いられるダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド(a)1当量に対して、ヒドラジンおよび/またはヒドラジド誘導体(B)が有するヒドラジノ基の当量が2当量以下となる量である、
常温硬化型水性塗料組成物。 - 前記連鎖移動剤の量が、前記モノマー混合物(成分(a)および成分(b)の合計)の質量/連鎖移動剤の質量の比で、100/0.1〜100/3.0の範囲内である請求項1または2記載の常温硬化型水性塗料組成物。
- 前記水性ウレタンポリマー(C)の配合量が、水性ウレタンポリマー(C)の不揮発分質量/水性エマルション(A)の不揮発分質量の比で、1/100〜50/100の範囲内である請求項1〜3いずれかに記載の常温硬化型水性塗料組成物。
- 前記連鎖移動剤は、ラウリルメルカプタン、n−ブチルメルカプタン、t−ブチルメルカプタン、ドデシルメルカプタン、オクチルメルカプタン、チオグリコール酸−2−エチルへキシル、2−メチル−5−t−ブチルチオフェノール、四臭化炭素、α−メチルスチレンダイマーからなる群から選択される1種またはそれ以上である、請求項1〜4いずれかに記載の常温硬化型水性塗料組成物。
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JPWO2020184722A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-13 | 2021-03-18 | 大日本塗料株式会社 | 水系塗料組成物、塗膜及び塗装物品 |
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