JP2015064373A - 流体コネクタおよびマイクロ流体システム - Google Patents
流体コネクタおよびマイクロ流体システム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】2つの独立チャネル24,34の間の流体連通を可能にするように、基板20に形成される2つの独立チャネルを接続するための流路42を有する流体コネクタ40が使用される。独立チャネルの一方または両方は、分析を行うために使用されることができる試薬(例えば、抗体溶液、洗浄緩衝剤、および増幅試薬)によって事前充填されてもよい。これらの試薬は、使用前に長期間(例えば、1年)にわたって基板のチャネルに格納されてもよい。流体コネクタおよび基板の接続前に、流路は試料(例えば、血液)によって充填されてもよい。試料は、例えば、血液が指から流路の中へ引き込まれる(例えば、毛細管力によって)までユーザの指を刺すことによって、取得されてもよい。
【選択図】図1
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第60/927,640号(名称「Fluid Connectors and Microfluidic Systems」、2007年5月4日出願)の米国特許法第119条第(e)項の優先権を主張し、この出願は本明細書に参考として援用される。
本発明は、概して、マイクロ流体システムおよびそれらの構成要素に関し、より具体的には、マイクロ流体システムによって分析を行うための流体コネクタ、方法、および装置に関する。
(基板におけるマイクロ流体チャネルの加工)
マイクロ流体チャネルシステムを加工するための方法を説明する。
(マイクロ流体システムに試薬を格納するステップ)
この実施例は、マイクロ流体システムに乾燥および液体試薬を格納するための方法を説明する。
(開放端毛細管を使用して試料を搭載することより免疫学的検定を行うステップ)
この実施例は、開放端毛細管を使用して試料を搭載し、マイクロ流体基板上に格納された試薬を使用することによって、免疫学的検定を行うことができることを示す。
(流体コネクタを使用して試料を搭載することにより免疫学的検定を行うステップ)
この実施例は、流体コネクタを使用して試料を搭載し、マイクロ流体基板上に格納された試薬を使用することによって、免疫学的検定を行うことができることを示す。
本願発明は以下の態様を含む。
(態様1)
基板内に形成されるマイクロ流体システムであって、少なくとも1つの入口および1つの出口を含む、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、少なくとも1つの入口および1つの出口を含む、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを備える、マイクロ流体システムと、
流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を備える、該基板に接続することができる流体コネクタであって、接続時に、該流路入口は、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続することにより、該流路と該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルとの間の流体連通を可能にし、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続することにより、該流路と該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとの間の流体連通を可能にする、流体コネクタと
を備え、
該流路は、該基板への該流体コネクタの接続前に、自身の中に配置される試薬を含有し、
該マイクロ流体システムは、該システム内の流体の再循環なしで動作するように構成および配設される、装置。
(態様2)
前記第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、第1の使用前には、相互に流体連通しておらず、第1の使用時には、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、相互に流体連通させられる、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様3)
前記第1のマイクロ流体チャネルは、前記基板への前記流体コネクタの接続前に、自身の中に配置される第1の試薬を備える、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様4)
前記第1のマイクロ流体チャネルは、さらに、前記基板への前記流体コネクタの接続前に、自身の中に配置される第2の試薬を備える、態様3に記載の装置。
(態様5)
前記第1および第2の試薬は、該第1および第2の試薬と混合しない流体によって分離される流体試薬である、態様4に記載の装置。
(態様6)
前記第1および第2の試薬は、液体試薬であり、該第1および第2の試薬と混合しない前記流体は、気体である、態様5に記載の装置。
(態様7)
前記第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、自身の中に配置される試薬を含有する、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様8)
前記第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの中の前記試薬は、第1の使用前に乾燥させられる、態様7に記載の装置。
(態様9)
前記第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの中の前記試薬は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの表面に吸収される、態様7に記載の装置。
(態様10)
前記装置はさらに、前記第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルを封入するよう前記基板に隣接して配置される、カバーを備える、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様11)
前記カバーは、テープである、態様10に記載の装置。
(態様12)
前記第1および/または第2のマイクロ流体チャネルと流体連通している反応域をさらに備え、該反応域は、該反応域の中の化学および/または生物学的反応の検出を可能にする、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様13)
前記反応域は、少なくとも1つの蛇行チャネル領域を備える、態様12に記載の装置。
(態様14)
前記反応域は、直列に接続される、少なくとも2つの蛇行チャネル領域を備える、態様12に記載の装置。
(態様15)
前記少なくとも2つの蛇行チャネル領域の各々は、化学および/または生物学的反応を受けることができる、化学および/または生物学的種を備える、態様14に記載の装置。
(態様16)
前記少なくとも2つの蛇行チャネル領域の各々は、該領域の中で化学および/または生物学的反応を実行する際に、該領域の各々の中での単一の均質な信号の検出を可能にする、態様15に記載の装置。
(態様17)
前記第1の蛇行チャネル領域と整列した第1の検出器をさらに備える、態様13に記載の装置。
(態様18)
前記第2の蛇行チャネル領域と整列した第2の検出器をさらに備える、態様17に記載の装置。
(態様19)
前記マイクロ流体システムは、2つより少ないチャネル交差を含む、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様20)
前記マイクロ流体システムは、チャネル交差を全く含まない、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様21)
前記流路は、第1の体積を有し、前記マイクロ流体システムへの前記流体コネクタの接続前に、該流路の中への該第1の体積より少ない制御された体積の流体の導入を可能にする、体積制御要素をさらに備える、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様22)
出口に接続されることができる真空源をさらに備える、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様23)
前記流体コネクタは、前記基板の特徴を補完する少なくとも1つの非流体特徴を備えることにより、接続時に該流体コネクタと該基板との間に非流体接続を形成する、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様24)
前記流体コネクタは、前記基板の特徴を補完する少なくとも1つの特徴を備えることにより、該流体コネクタと該基板との間に不可逆的な接続を形成する、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様25)
前記流体コネクタはさらに、生物学的実体から流体試料を受容することができる、試料採取要素を備える、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様26)
前記流体コネクタは、前記生物学的実体から前記流路への流体の移動を可能にすることができる、態様25に記載の装置。
(態様27)
基板内に形成されるマイクロ流体システムであって、入口および出口を含む第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、入口および出口を含む第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを備える、マイクロ流体システムと、
流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を備える、該基板に接続することができる流体コネクタであって、接続時に、該流路入口は該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続することにより、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続する、流体コネクタと
を備え、該基板の特徴を補完する少なくとも1つの非流体特徴をさらに備えることにより、接続時に、該流体コネクタと該基板との間に非流体接続を形成する、装置。
(態様28)
前記マイクロ流体システムは、前記システム中の流体の再循環なしで動作するように構成および配設される、態様27に記載の装置。
(態様29)
前記第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、第1の使用前に、相互に流体連通しておらず、第1の使用時に、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、相互に流体連通させられる、態様27に記載の装置。
(態様30)
基板に形成され、自身の中に配置される第1の試薬を含有する、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、
該基板に形成され、自身の中に配置される第2の試薬を含有する、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルと
を備え、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、第1の使用前には、相互に流体連通しておらず、第1の使用時には、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは相互に流体連通させられる、装置。
(態様31)
前記第1のマイクロ流体チャネルはさらに、第3の試薬を備え、前記第1および第3の試薬は、該試薬と混合しない流体によって分離される、態様30に記載の装置。
(態様32)
前記第2の試薬は、第1の使用前に乾燥させられる、態様30に記載の装置。
(態様33)
前記第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、第1の使用前に、相互に流体連通しておらず、第1の使用時に、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、相互に流体連通させられる、態様30に記載の装置。
(態様34)
基板に形成される第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの中に第1の試薬を配置することと、
該基板に形成される第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの中に第2の試薬を配置することであって、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、該配置することの間に相互に流体連通していない、ことと
該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの中に該第1の試薬を格納するように、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの入口および/または出口を密閉することと、
該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの中に該第2の試薬を格納するように、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの入口および/または出口を密閉することと
を含む、試薬を格納する方法。
(態様35)
密閉する前に、前記第1のマイクロ流体チャネルは、自身の中に配置される第3の試薬を含有し、前記第1および第3の試薬は、該試薬と混合しない流体によって分離される、態様34に記載の方法。
(態様36)
前記第2の試薬は、前記第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの前記入口を密閉する前に乾燥させられる、態様34に記載の方法。
(態様37)
基板に形成され、第1の使用前に自身の中に配置される第1の試薬を含有する、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルを提供することと、
該基板に形成され、第1の使用前に自身の中に配置される第2の試薬を含有する、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルを提供することであって、
該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、第1の使用前に、相互に流体連通しておらず、第1の使用時に、該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルは、相互に流体連通させられる、ことと、
該第1および第2のマイクロ流体チャネルを相互に流体連通させることと
を含む、方法。
(態様38)
前記流体連通させることは、前記第1と第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとの間の流路を接続することを含む、態様37に記載の方法。
(態様39)
前記流路は、自身の中に配置される試料を含有する、態様38に記載の方法。
(態様40)
前記試料は、流体試料である、態様39に記載の方法。
(態様41)
基板に形成されるマイクロ流体システムであって、入口および出口を含む、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、入口および出口を含む、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを備える、マイクロ流体システムと、
該基板に接続することができる流体コネクタであって、流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を備え、接続時に、該流路入口は、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続することにより、該流路と該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルとの間の流体連通を可能にし、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続することにより、該流路と該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとの間の流体連通を可能にする、流体コネクタと
を備え、
該流路は、該マイクロ流体システムへの該流体コネクタの接続前に、該流路の中への第1の体積より少ない制御された体積の流体の導入を可能にすることができる、体積制御要素をさらに備える、装置。
(態様42)
前記体積制御要素は、フリットである、態様41に記載の装置。
(態様43)
基板に形成されるマイクロ流体システムであって、入口および出口を含む、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、入口および出口を含む、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを備える、マイクロ流体システムと、
流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を備える、該基板に接続されることができる流体コネクタであって、接続時に、該流路入口は、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続し、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続する、流体コネクタと、
生物学的構成要素を穿刺することができる、試料採取要素をさらに備える、装置。
(態様44)
前記生物学的構成要素は、ヒト皮膚である、態様43に記載の装置。
(態様45)
前記試料採取要素は、前記生物学的構成要素から流体試料を受容することができる、態様43に記載の装置。
(態様46)
前記流体コネクタは、前記生物学的実体から前記流路への流体の移動を可能にする、態様43に記載の装置。
(態様47)
前記試薬は、前記流路の表面を被覆する抗凝固剤を備える、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様48)
前記試薬は、ヘパリンを備える、態様47に記載の装置。
(態様49)
前記流体コネクタの前記流路は、前記基板への該流体コネクタの接続前に、自身の中に配置される一連の試薬を含有する、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様50)
前記流体コネクタの前記流路は、前記基板への該流体コネクタの接続前に、自身の中に配置される試料を含有する、態様1に記載の装置。
(態様51)
前記第1のマイクロ流体チャネルは、少なくとも10:1の、長さ対平均断面寸法を有する、態様3に記載の装置。
(態様52)
マイクロ流体システムを備える基板であって、該マイクロ流体システムは、入口および出口を含む、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、入口および出口を含む、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを含む、基板と、
該基板への接続に合致するように構成される流体コネクタであって、流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を含み、該基板への該流体コネクタの接続時に、該流路入口は、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続し、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続する、流体コネクタと、
該基板と関連する整列要素であって、該基板から延在し、該流体コネクタを受容および係合して、それにより、該基板に対する所定の設定構成に該コネクタを配置するように構成および配設される、空洞を備える、整列要素と
を備え、該流体コネクタは、摺動運動によって該整列要素に挿入されるように適合される、装置。
(態様53)
前記空洞は、前記流体コネクタと前記整列要素との係合時に、前記流路入口および流路出口の位置から測定して少なくとも1cmの深さを有する、態様52に記載の装置。
(態様54)
前記整列要素は、前記基板とほぼ垂直に延在する、態様52に記載の装置。
(態様55)
前記流体コネクタは、前記整列要素の一部分を補完する形状および構成を有する、整列構成要素を備える、態様52に記載の装置。
(態様56)
マイクロ流体システムを備える基板であって、入口および出口を含む、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、入口および出口を含む、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを含む、基板と、
該基板への接続に合致するように構成される流体コネクタであって、流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を備え、該基板への該流体コネクタの接続時に、該流路入口は、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続し、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続する、流体コネクタと、
該基板と関連する整列要素であって、流体コネクタを受容および係合し、それにより、該基板に対する所定の設定構成に該コネクタを配置するように構成および配設される、整列要素と
を備え、
該整列要素は係合構成要素を備え、該係合構成要素は、整列要素が該流体構成要素を受容する際に、該流体コネクタの一部分に係合して、該整列要素に対する該流体コネクタの移動への実質的な抵抗を生成するように構成および配設される、装置。
(態様57)
前記係合構成要素は、前記流体コネクタの係合構成要素を補完する、態様56に記載の装置。
(態様58)
前記整列要素は、前記基板とほぼ垂直に延在する、態様56に記載の装置。
(態様59)
前記整列要素は、少なくとも1cm2の面積にわたって前記流体コネクタに接触する、態様56に記載の装置。
(態様60)
前記係合構成要素は、前記流体コネクタと前記整列要素との係合時に、前記流路入口および流路出口の位置から測定して少なくとも1cmの高さを有する、態様56に記載の装置。
(態様61)
マイクロ流体システムを備える基板であって、入口および出口を含む、第1のマイクロ流体チャネルと、入口および出口を含む、第2のマイクロ流体チャネルとを含む、基板と、
該基板への接続に合致するように構成される流体コネクタであって、流路入口および流路出口を含む流路を備え、該基板への該流体コネクタの接続時に、該流路入口は、該第1のマイクロ流体チャネルの該出口に接続し、該流路出口は、該第2のマイクロ流体チャネルの該入口に接続する、流体コネクタと、
該基板と関連し、該基板とほぼ垂直に延在する、整列要素と
を備え、
該整列要素は、該流体コネクタに係合して、それにより、該流体コネクタの該流路が該基板とほぼ垂直である、該基板に対する所定の設定構成に該コネクタを配置するように構成および配設される、装置。
Claims (17)
- 第1の流体を含有する流体装置であって、該第1の流体が、流体密封シールを含む該流体装置の一の領域に格納される流体装置において、下記の工程:
前記流体密封シールをあける工程;
試料を含有する試料導入構成要素を、前記流体装置のポートに挿入する工程;
前記流体密封シールをあける工程の後に、前記試料を前記流体装置に導入する工程;
前記試料を前記流体装置の反応域に通す工程;
前記第1の流体を前記反応域に通す工程;および
前記反応域において前記試料の構成要素を判定する工程
を行うことを含む、方法。 - 前記試料および前記第1の流体が前記反応域を通過する工程の間、前記試料導入構成要素が、前記流体装置に取り付けられたままである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記試料を含有する前記試料導入構成要素を前記流体装置の前記ポートに挿入する工程により、前記流体密封シールがあけられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記流体密封シールが、前記流体装置のポートにおけるカバーである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記試料を含有する前記試料導入構成要素を前記流体装置の前記ポートに挿入する工程により、該ポートのカバーが穿孔され又は破られる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記流体装置に前記試料を導入する工程が、前記流体装置の出口に真空を適用し、それにより前記試料が前記試料導入構成要素から前記流体装置の中へと流れることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記試料を前記反応域に通す工程の後に、前記第1の流体を前記反応域に通すことを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記流体密封シールが穿孔可能なシールである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の流体が、少なくとも1つの1mm未満の断面寸法を有するマイクロ流体チャネルに格納される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の流体が洗浄流体である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記試料導入構成要素が入口および出口を含み、前記方法が、該入口および該出口の両方を前記流体装置のポートに挿入することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記試料導入構成要素は、前記流体装置への前記ポートに挿入されるときに、前記第1の流体を含有する領域の下流であり、かつ前記反応域の上流である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 流体装置であって、
反応域;
流体チャネルであって、ポート、該ポートを覆う流体密封シール、および該流体チャネルに格納される第1の流体を含む流体チャネル;ならびに
前記流体密封シールを穿孔する又は破るように、前記流体チャネルの前記ポートに挿入されるように、かつ前記流体装置の操作中に該流体装置に取り付けられたままであるように適合および配設される試料導入構成要素
を含む、流体装置。 - 前記試料導入構成要素が、前記流体チャネルへの前記ポートに挿入されるときに、前記流体チャネルの下流かつ前記反応域の上流に配置される、請求項13に記載の流体装置。
- 前記試料導入構成要素が入口および出口を含み、該入口および該出口の両方は、前記流体装置のポートに接続するようになっている、請求項13に記載の流体装置。
- 前記試料導入構成要素が15マイクロリットル以下の内部体積を含む、請求項13に記載の流体装置。
- 前記第1の流体が洗浄流体である、請求項13に記載の流体装置。
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WO2008137008A2 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
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CN103495439B (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
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US20140205997A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
EP2152417A2 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
US20160305938A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
US20120238033A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
JP5661867B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
US9234888B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
JP2013213827A (ja) | 2013-10-17 |
CN101754812B (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
JP5305361B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
JP2010526291A (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
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