JP2015000374A - 多孔質炭素触媒及びその製造方法並びに電極及び電池 - Google Patents
多孔質炭素触媒及びその製造方法並びに電極及び電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015000374A JP2015000374A JP2013126098A JP2013126098A JP2015000374A JP 2015000374 A JP2015000374 A JP 2015000374A JP 2013126098 A JP2013126098 A JP 2013126098A JP 2013126098 A JP2013126098 A JP 2013126098A JP 2015000374 A JP2015000374 A JP 2015000374A
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- carbon catalyst
- porous carbon
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 149
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- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明に係る多孔質炭素触媒は、内部に金属を含む骨格を有する有機ポリマー多孔質体を炭素化することにより得られる。この多孔質炭素触媒は、内部に金属を含む骨格を有することとしてもよく、粒子集合体様の前記骨格を有することとしてもよい。本発明に係る多孔質炭素触媒の製造方法は、内部に金属を含む骨格を有する有機ポリマー多孔質体を炭素化することを含む。
【選択図】図6
Description
ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)(良溶媒)と蒸留水(貧溶媒)とを85:15の体積比で混合して調製した溶媒(DMSO/水=85/15)38gに、濃度が5wt%となる量のアクリロニトリルとメタクリル酸とのコポリマー(AN−MAコポリマー)と、10.6mmolの塩化鉄六水和物(FeCl3・6H2O)とを90℃で溶解させ、当該AN−MAコポリマー及び鉄を含む溶液を調製した。
上述の実施例1−1において、塩化鉄六水和物に代えて、塩化コバルト六水和物(CoCl2・6H2O)を使用したこと以外は同様にして、内部にコバルトを含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒を得た。
上述の実施例1−1において、塩化鉄六水和物に代えて、塩化ニッケル六水和物(NiCl2・6H2O)を使用したこと以外は同様にして、内部にニッケルを含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒を得た。
上述の実施例1−1において、塩化鉄六水和物に代えて、塩化亜鉛(ZnCl2)を使用したこと以外は同様にして、内部に亜鉛を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒を得た。
上述の実施例1−1、実施例1−2、実施例1−3及び実施例1−4で得られた多孔質炭素触媒の各々について、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)による観察を行った。また、実施例1−2で得られた多孔質炭素触媒については、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)による観察も行った。
上述の実施例1−1、実施例1−2、実施例1−3及び実施例1−4で得られた多孔質炭素触媒の各々について、酸素還元活性を評価した。すなわち、まず、触媒スラリーを調製した。具体的に、粉末状の多孔質炭素触媒を5mg量り取り、これに50μLのバインダー溶液(ナフィオン(商標登録)、デュポン株式会社)、150μLの蒸留水、150μLのエタノール、スパチュラで2杯(約15粒)のガラスビーズ(直径1mm)を混合し、10分間超音波処理することにより、当該多孔質炭素触媒が均一に分散された触媒スラリーを調製した。
図1A及び図1Bは、実施例1−1で得られた、内部に鉄を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図1Bには、図1Aの一部を拡大して示す。図2A及び図2Bは、実施例1−2で得られた、内部にコバルトを含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図2Bには、図2Aの一部を拡大して示す。図3A及び図3Bは、実施例1−3で得られた、内部にニッケルを含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図3Bには、図3Aの一部を拡大して示す。図4A及び図4Bは、実施例1−4で得られた、内部に亜鉛を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図4Bには、図4Aの一部を拡大して示す。
DMSO/蒸留水(85/15)溶媒38gに、濃度が5wt%となる量のAN−MAコポリマーと、2.1mmolの塩化鉄六水和物(FeCl3・6H2O)と、8.5mmolの塩化亜鉛(ZnCl2)とを90℃で溶解させ、当該AN−MAコポリマー、鉄及び亜鉛を含む溶液を調製した。
上述の実施例2−1において、塩化亜鉛に代えて、塩化ニッケル六水和物(NiCl2・6H2O)を使用したこと、及び多孔質体の段階的な焼成の最後の加熱において1000℃に代えて1100℃で加熱したこと以外は同様にして、内部に鉄及びニッケルを含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒を得た。
上述の実施例2−1において、塩化鉄六水和物に代えて、塩化コバルト六水和物(CoCl2・6H2O)を使用したこと以外は同様にして、内部にコバルト及び亜鉛を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒を得た。
上述の実施例2−1、実施例2−2及び実施例2−3で得られた多孔質炭素触媒の各々について、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)による観察を行った。
上述の実施例2−1、実施例2−2及び実施例2−3で得られた多孔質炭素触媒の各々について、上述の実施例1と同様にして、酸素還元活性を評価した。
図7A及び図7Bは、実施例2−1で得られた、内部に鉄及び亜鉛を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図7Bには、図7Aの一部を拡大して示す。図8A及び図8Bは、実施例2−2で得られた、内部に鉄及びニッケルを含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図8Bには、図8Aの一部を拡大して示す。図9A及び図9Bは、実施例2−3で得られた、内部にコバルト及び亜鉛を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒のSEM写真である。図9Bには、図9Aの一部を拡大して示す。
上述の実施例2−1と同様にして、内部に鉄及び亜鉛を含む骨格を有する多孔質炭素触媒を製造した。
一方、比較の対照である多孔質炭素触媒を製造した。すなわち、DMSO/蒸留水(85/15)溶媒38gに、濃度が5wt%となる量のAN−MAコポリマーを90℃で溶解させ、当該AN−MAコポリマーを含む溶液を調製した。
上述の実施例3−1及び比較例3−1で得られた多孔質炭素触媒の各々について、上述の実施例1と同様にして、酸素還元活性を評価した。
図11には、多孔質炭素触媒の酸素還元活性を評価した結果を示す。すなわち、図11には、実施例3−1及び比較例3−1で得られた多孔質炭素触媒の各々について、−10μA/cm2の還元電流が流れたときの電圧である酸素還元開始電位(V vs. NHE)(図中の“EO2”)を測定した結果を示す。
Claims (9)
- 内部に金属を含む骨格を有する有機ポリマー多孔質体を炭素化すること
を含む
ことを特徴とする多孔質炭素触媒の製造方法。 - 前記有機ポリマー多孔質体は、有機ポリマー及び前記金属を含む溶液中における析出により形成された
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の多孔質炭素触媒の製造方法。 - 内部に金属を含む骨格を有する有機ポリマー多孔質体の炭素化により得られた
ことを特徴とする多孔質炭素触媒。 - 前記有機ポリマー多孔質体は、有機ポリマー及び前記金属を含む溶液中における析出により形成された
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の多孔質炭素触媒。 - 内部に金属を含む骨格を有する
ことを特徴とする多孔質炭素触媒。 - 内部に前記金属を含む骨格を有する有機ポリマー多孔質体の炭素化により得られた
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の多孔質炭素触媒。 - 粒子集合体様の前記骨格を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の多孔質炭素触媒。 - 請求項3乃至7のいずれかに記載の多孔質炭素触媒を含む
ことを特徴とする電極。 - 請求項8に記載の電極を有する
ことを特徴とする電池。
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JP6159585B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
KR102219585B1 (ko) | 2021-02-24 |
EP3009188A1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
US10388967B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 |
EP3009188A4 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
WO2014199880A1 (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
CN105283247B (zh) | 2019-02-26 |
US20160104900A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
CN105283247A (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
CA2914210C (en) | 2021-06-15 |
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