JP2013153540A - 超音波整合層および振動子 - Google Patents
超音波整合層および振動子 Download PDFInfo
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- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
- B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
- B06B1/067—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface which is used as, or combined with, an impedance matching layer
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Abstract
【解決手段】一態様において、複数のミクロンサイズおよびナノサイズ粒子が投入されたマトリクス材料を含む整合層を有する超音波振動子スタックのための整合層が提供される。他の態様において、マトリクス材料には、複数の重粒子および軽粒子が投入される。他の態様において、超音波振動子スタックは、圧電層と、少なくとも1つの整合層とを備える。一態様において、整合層は、複数のミクロンサイズおよびナノサイズ粒子が投入されたマトリクス材料を含む複合材料を含む。さらなる態様において、複合材料は、複数の重粒子および軽粒子が投入されたマトリクス材料も含む。さらなる態様において、整合層はまた、シアノアクリレートを含むことができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、例えば、以下を提供する。
(項目1)
複数のスタックされた層を含む超音波振動子の整合層であって、該複数のスタックされた層のうちの少なくとも1つの層が該整合層を含み、該整合層がシアノアクリレートを含む、整合層。
(項目2)
上記整合層が約1/4音波長整合層である、項目1に記載の整合層。
(項目3)
上記整合層の音響インピーダンスが、約2.0メガレイルから約3.5メガレイルの間である、項目2に記載の整合層。
(項目4)
上記整合層の音響インピーダンスが、約2.5メガレイルから約2.8メガレイルの間である、項目2に記載の整合層。
(項目5)
上記複数のスタックされた層のうちの少なくとも1つの層はレンズ層を含み、該レンズ層は上記整合層を覆い、かつ該整合層に接着される、項目1に記載の整合層。
(項目6)
上記レンズ層がTPXを含む、項目5に記載の整合層。
(項目7)
超音波振動子スタックであって、
複数の層であって、
圧電層と、
シアノアクリレートを含む第1の整合層を含む少なくとも1つの整合層と、
TPXを含むレンズ層と
を備える、複数の層を備え、
該複数の層の各々の層は頂面および反対側の底面を有し、該第1の整合層は、該レンズ層の該底面に接続され、該底面の下にあり、該圧電層は該整合層の該底面の下にある、超音波振動子スタック。
(項目8)
上記第1の整合層は、約1/4音波長整合層である、項目7に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目9)
上記第1の整合層の音響インピーダンスが約2.0メガレイル(MR)から約3.5メガレイル(MR)の間である、項目8に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目10)
上記第1の整合層の音響インピーダンスが約2.5メガレイル(MR)から約2.8メガレイル(MR)の間である、項目8に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目11)
上記レンズ層の音響インピーダンスが約1.8メガレイル(MR)である、項目8に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目12)
上記レンズの音響インピーダンスは、水の音響インピーダンスと実質的に同一である、項目7に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目13)
上記圧電層は、少なくとも約20メガヘルツ(MHz)の周波数において、超音波を生成し得る、項目7に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目14)
上記圧電層は、上記第1の整合層を透過し、その後に上記レンズ層を透過する伝播のために、約20MHz、25MHz、30MHz、35MHz、40MHz、45MHz、50MHz、55MHz、60MHzまたはそれ以上の周波数において、超音波を生成し得る、項目13に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目15)
上記圧電層の上記頂面と上記第1整合層の上記底面との間に位置する第2の整合層をさらに含む、項目7に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目16)
上記第2の整合層の上記頂面は、接着剤を用いて上記第1の整合層の上記底面に接着される、項目15に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目17)
上記接着剤は、上記第1の整合層と上記第2の整合層との間に接着ライン層を形成する、項目16に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目18)
上記接着ライン層は、約5ミクロン未満の高さ方向の厚さを有する、項目17に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目19)
上記接着ライン層は、約1ミクロンから約5ミクロンの間の高さ方向の厚さを有する、項目17に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目20)
上記接着ライン層は、約1ミクロンから約3ミクロンの間の高さ方向の厚さを有する、項目17に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目21)
上記接着ライン層の音響インピーダンスは、上記第1の整合層の音響インピーダンスと実質的に同一である、項目17に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目22)
上記接着剤はエポキシまたはグルーからなる群から選択される、項目16に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目23)
上記接着剤は、低粘度の室温硬化エポキシである、項目22に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目24)
上記第2の整合層の音響インピーダンスが約3.5メガレイルから約6.0メガレイルの間にある、項目16に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目25)
第3の整合層をさらに備え、該第3の整合層は上記第2の整合層の底面と上記圧電層の頂面との間に位置する、項目15に記載の超音波振動子スタック。
(項目26)
上記第3の整合層の音響インピーダンスは約7.5メガレイルと約12メガレイルとの間にある、項目25に記載の超音波振動子。
(項目27)
上記第3の整合層の音響インピーダンスは約9.5メガレイルと約10.5メガレイルとの間にある、項目25に記載の超音波振動子。
(項目28)
裏打ち層をさらに備え、該裏打ち層の頂面は上記圧電層の底面に接続され、かつ底面の下にある、項目25に記載の超音波振動子。
(項目29)
複数の層を含む超音波振動子スタックを生成するプロセスであって、各層は頂面と反対側の底面とを有し、該プロセスは、
圧電層を提供するステップと、
TPXを含むレンズ層を提供するステップと、
シアノアクリレートを含む第1の整合層を該レンズ層の底面に接着するステップと、
該接着された第1の整合層およびレンズ層を、該圧電層を実質的に覆う位置合わせで位置決めすることによって、超音波振動子スタックを生成するステップと
を包含する、プロセス。
(項目30)
上記第1の整合層を上記レンズ層の底面に接着するステップは、
剥離フィルムを提供するステップと、
複数のスペーサを提供するステップと、
該複数のスペーサを該剥離フィルムの一部の上に位置決めするステップと、
該レンズ層の実質的に底面の全体をシアノアクリレートでウェッティングするステップと、
該剥離フィルムから間隔を空けた関係で、該レンズを該複数のスペーサ上に据え付けるステップであって、該シアノアクリレートは、該レンズ層の該底面と該剥離フィルムとの間に規定される内部容積を充填し、該第1の整合層を形成する、ステップと
を包含する、項目29に記載のプロセス。
(項目31)
上記剥離フィルムは低表面エネルギーの金属フィルムから構成される、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目32)
上記剥離フィルムは、アルミホイルを含む、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目33)
上記剥離フィルムは、マグネシウムホイルから構成される、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目34)
上記第1の整合層を上記レンズの底面に接着するステップは、
上記レンズに力を加えて、上記レンズ層の底面と上記剥離フィルムとの間に配置される上記シアノアクリレートを圧縮するステップと、
シアノアクリレートを含む該第1の整合層を硬化するステップと
をさらに包含する、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目35)
上記第1の整合層を上記レンズの底面に接着するステップは、該第1の整合層の形成された頂面から、上記剥離フィルムを取り除くステップをさらに包含する、項目30または項目34に記載のプロセス。
(項目36)
上記第1の整合層を上記レンズの底面に接着するステップは、
上記複数のスペーサを取り除くステップと、
該第1の整合層が所定の厚さになるまで、該第1の整合層の上記形成された頂面を研磨するステップと
をさらに包含する、項目35に記載のプロセス。
(項目37)
上記スペーサは、約20ミクロンから約30ミクロンの間の直径を有する、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目38)
上記スペーサは、約25ミクロンの直径を有する、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目39)
上記スペーサは、上記第1の整合層の所望の所定の厚さよりも大きい直径を有する、項目30に記載のプロセス。
(項目40)
上記スペーサがワイヤである、項目37、項目38または項目39に記載のプロセス。
以下の実施例は、本明細書で請求される化合物、組成物、物品、デバイス、および/または方法がどのように評価されるかについての完全な開示および説明を当業者に提供するために提示され、純粋に本発明の例であることを意図し、本発明者らが自らの発明とみなすものの範囲を制限することを意図しない。数字(量、温度等)に関しては正確性を確保するよう努力したが、ある程度の誤差および偏差も考慮されるべきである。別段の指示がない限り、部は重量部、温度は℃表示、または周囲温度であり、圧力は大気圧またはそれに近い圧力である。
図5は、TPXレンズを備えた例示的なLiNbの20〜25MHz振動子の製造方法を示したブロック図である。製造プロセスは、以下の3つの例示的セクションで説明される。まず、スタックを形成するための整合層および圧電層の製造が説明される。次に、レンズ層およびシアノアクリレート整合層の製造が説明される。最後に、レンズとシアノアクリレート層の振動子スタックへの接着が説明される。
ブロック504に示されるように、圧電層のためのLiNb結晶を調製する。質量負荷を相殺するために、36度Y−カットLiNb結晶を所望の中心周波数の0.4ラムダの厚さまでラッピングする。Eビーム蒸着またはスパッタリング等の適した手段を使用して、結晶に3000Aの金をめっきする。当業者には理解されるように、典型的には、金層の接着性を向上させるために、CrまたはNiの薄層を使用することができる。LiNb結晶の金側をアセトンで洗浄する。洗浄後、さらなる操作まで結晶を清浄な場所に置く。
Conf.on Ultrasonic Transducer Engineering、San Diego、California、February 1999、SPIE Vol.3664を参照されたい。粉末を加える前に、エポキシは完全に混合される。
me 3664 Medical Imaging 1999」 Ultrasonic
Transducer Engineering、K.Kirk Shung、Editor、June 1999、pp.67−75を参照されたい。
PR40等のCA接着剤の若干量が、アルミ箔剥離層およびワイヤスペーサを使用してTPXレンズの背面に被覆される。実際には、剥離フィルムは平坦表面上(好ましくは箔が平坦となるよう真空プレート上)に置かれる。一態様では、アルミ箔は清浄で油分および水分が存在しない。ワイヤは剥離フィルム上にあるパターンで配置される。一態様では、ワイヤは、ワイヤが共通の頂点で交わらないように放射パターンに配置される。これらのワイヤは、CAの層のためのスペーサとして使用される。例示的な25MHzスタックでは、約25μm径のワイヤを使用して、得られる厚さが約23μm〜25μmであるCA層を形成する。これは、25MHz設計周波数振動子において約21μmから23μmの間であるCAの望ましい1/4波長の厚さより若干厚い。この点で、CA中での縦波伝播速度は約2100m/sから2200m/sの間と推定される。CA層が接着されたレンズ層をその下のスタックに貼り付けるために使用されたエポキシの接着性を向上させるためにCA層の表面を処理する役割も果たす後の研削プロセス中に、1〜3μmの余剰材料が除去される。
表1は、例示的な振動子スタックを構成する異なる層を示す。このスタック設計は、中心周波数が約20MHzから60MHzを超える振動子に使用することができる。
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EP2004063A2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
US7750536B2 (en) | 2010-07-06 |
EP2004063A4 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
JP2017060196A (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
WO2007103143A2 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
CA2928337C (en) | 2017-10-24 |
CA2644224C (en) | 2016-07-12 |
JP6931014B2 (ja) | 2021-09-01 |
US20130181574A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
US20150108874A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
EP2004063B1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
JP2009528783A (ja) | 2009-08-06 |
JP2014042355A (ja) | 2014-03-06 |
US20170144195A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
US10478859B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
US20070205698A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
US20110057545A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
US8343289B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
JP2012130780A (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
CN101442941A (zh) | 2009-05-27 |
HK1132644A1 (en) | 2010-03-05 |
JP2019083581A (ja) | 2019-05-30 |
CA2928337A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
WO2007103143A3 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
US8847467B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
CA2644224A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
US9520119B2 (en) | 2016-12-13 |
JP2016026461A (ja) | 2016-02-12 |
CN101442941B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
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