JP2012523695A - 電気的に絶縁された裏面を有するバンプ付き自己分離型ＧａＮトランジスタチップ - Google Patents

電気的に絶縁された裏面を有するバンプ付き自己分離型ＧａＮトランジスタチップ Download PDF

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JP2012523695A
JP2012523695A JP2012504764A JP2012504764A JP2012523695A JP 2012523695 A JP2012523695 A JP 2012523695A JP 2012504764 A JP2012504764 A JP 2012504764A JP 2012504764 A JP2012504764 A JP 2012504764A JP 2012523695 A JP2012523695 A JP 2012523695A
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silicon substrate
active region
transistor
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リドウ，アレキサンダー
ビーチ，ロバート
ナカタ，アラナ
カオ，ジャンジュン
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エフィシエント パワー コンヴァーション コーポレーション
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Abstract

【課題】本発明は、デバイスのシリコン基板を電気的に分離するためのＡｌＮシード層を含むことにより、ヒートシンクと表面実装型デバイスの裏面との間の厚い電気絶縁体の必要性を取り除く。
【解決手段】シリコン基板と、化合物半導体材料と、前記シリコン基板と前記化合物半導体材料との間の絶縁材料と、電気的接続の手段及び不動態化材料を含む上面とを有し、前記不動態化材料は窒化シリコン、二酸化シリコン、又は両者の組み合わせである半導体デバイス。前記デバイスの側壁もまた前記デバイスの活性領域から電気的に絶縁されている。

Description

本発明は、シリコン基板を用いた半導体デバイスに関する。
シリコンに形成されるデバイスは、長年プリント回路板上に直接実装されていた。問題は、デバイスの裏面がなお電気的に活性な状態である場合があることであり、このことが裏面上の腐食と温度の上昇を引き起こし得る。ヒートシンクが冷却のために用いられた場合、デバイスの裏面上で絶縁がしばしば必要とされ、デバイスサイズとコストの増加を招く。
図１は、プリント回路板１７上に搭載された公知のデバイス１の表面の例を示す。プリント回路板１７は、銅配線１５を有する。はんだバンプ１４は、不動態化ポリイミド１６により分離されているが、デバイスの活性領域１３をプリント回路板１７上の銅配線１５に電気的及び物理的に接続している。デバイス１は、側壁１２と裏面１１を有する。側壁１２及び裏面１１は、前面の回路に電気的に接続されている。
図２は、シリコン基板１０の裏面から熱を取り去るためにデバイス１に付着させられたヒートシンク１９を示す。ヒートシンク１０がデバイス１の裏面１１に付着されたときに、ヒートシンク１９が前面に電気的に接続されている裏面１１との接触を通じて電気的に活性になるのを防止するために、シリコン基板１０とヒートシンク１９との間に絶縁体１８が追加されなければならない。しかしながら、絶縁体１８の追加は、ヒートシンク１９のデバイス１から熱を取り去る能力を不都合なほどに妨げる。
従って、上述の問題に対する解決策が必要とされ、とりわけ、デバイス１からの熱の通過を妨げる絶縁体層を必要とすることなく表面実装型デバイスの裏面に直接接続され得るデバイスが必要とされる。
本発明は、シリコン基板が電気的に活性となることを防ぐためにシリコン基板とＡｌＧａＮバッファ層との間の窒化アルミニウム（ＡｌＮ）シード層の絶縁体を含むことにより、及びデバイスの側壁から活性領域を分離することにより、従来技術における上述の問題を解決する。
従来技術のデバイスの側面図を示す。 ヒートシンクが付着した図１の従来技術のデバイスの側面図を示す。 本発明によるデバイスの側面図を示す。 ヒートシンクが付着した本発明のデバイスの側面図を示す。
以下、図面を参照して、本発明を実施するための形態の説明を行う。
本発明は、シリコン基板とＡｌＧａＮバッファ層との間の窒化アルミニウム（ＡｌＮ）シード層を含むことにより、シリコン基板が電気的に活性になるのを防止し、そして側壁をデバイスの活性領域から電気的に絶縁することにより、絶縁層の必要性を取り除き、これによりヒートシンクへの熱の伝導を改善する。
図３は、本発明の好ましい実施形態、つまりプリント回路板１７上に表面実装されたエンハンスメント型ＧａＮトランジスタ２を示す。従来技術にあるように、はんだバンプは、不動態化ポリイミド（又はポリイミド不動態皮膜、polyimid passivation）１６により分離され、デバイスの活性領域１３をプリント回路板１７上の銅配線１５に接続する。活性領域１３への電気的接続は、カルビン接続として用いられるソース電極の１つとともに、少なくとも１つのゲート電極と、少なくとも１つのドレイン電極と、少なくとも２つのソース電極とを含む。
本発明のデバイス２は、以下のように構成される。低温の、殆ど非晶質の窒化アルミニウム（ＡｌＮ）層がシリコン基板１０上に体積される。次に、ＡｌＮ層２１の形成を完成させながら、それより高い温度のＡｌＮ層が成長する。第２のＡｌＮ層は、多くの結晶欠陥（crystal imperfections）を有する。次に、ＡｌＧａＮの層がＡｌＮシード層２１を覆って成長し、結晶は良好になる。次いで、ドープされていないＧａＮ層が、均一な良好な結晶構造を有して成長する。活性デバイス領域１３のＡｌＧａＮキャップは、２ＤＥＧ（二次元電子ガス）を形成するために必要であるのだが、２ＤＥＧ（二次元電子ガス）がデバイスの端に到達するのを防止するために周辺でエッチング除去される。ドープされていないＧａＮ層は、端まで延びるが、下部のＡｌＧａＮバッファ層及びＡｌＮ層２１のように、電気を通さず、それ故デバイスの端を不活性にしておく。シリコン基板１０は同様に、ＡｌＮシード層２１により、活性デバイス領域１３から電気的に絶縁される。この電気的分離の結果として、デバイス２の裏面１１及び側壁１２上の腐食と温度は低減される。
図４は、熱を消散させるためにデバイス２の裏面１１に付着したヒートシンク１９を示す。シリコン基板１０を電気的に分離するための絶縁ＡｌＮシード層２１及び電気的に分離された側壁を含むことにより、ヒートシンク１０を、図２に示されるような絶縁体層１８を必要とすることなく、デバイス２の裏面１１に直接接続することを可能にする。それ故、デバイス２は、図２で示されたデバイス１の問題を有しない。即ち、デバイスから熱を取り去る能力を妨げる厚い絶縁体１８は存在しない。加えて、デバイス２はデバイス１よりももっと湿気に対する耐久性がある。デバイス２の上面を覆って表面不動態化を行えば十分であり、窒化シリコン、二酸化シリコン、又は両者の組み合わせが好ましい。オーバーモールディング（全周封止）は必要とされず、それ故、チップスケールパッケージ内にＧａＮパワートランジスタを設けることができる。
本発明の能動デバイスをシリコン基板上に複数取り込むことにより、様々な回路が形成され得る。例えば、本発明のＧａＮトランジスタは、ハーフブリッジ又はフルブリッジ構成において、シリコン基板上に取り込まれ得る。本発明のＧａＮパワートランジスタは、同一のシリコン基板上のより小さな駆動トランジスタによってもまた駆動され得る。
上述の説明及び図面は、ここに詳説された特徴及び利点を達成する発明の特定の実施形態の例示としてのみ考慮されるべきである。発明に対する変形及び置換がなさてもよい。従って、ここに詳説された発明の実施形態は上述の説明及び図面により限定されるとはみなさないものとする。

Claims (12)

  1. シリコン基板と、
    活性領域を含む化合物半導体材料と、
    前記シリコン基板と前記活性領域との間に設けられた絶縁材料と、
    前記活性領域への電気的接続の手段及び第１の不動態化材料とを含む上面とを有し、
    前記不動態化材料は窒化シリコン、二酸化シリコン、又は両者の組み合わせである半導体デバイス。
  2. 前記化合物半導体材料が、ガリウム、窒素、及びアルミニウムの組み合わせからなる様々な層から形成されている請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  3. エンハンスメント型トランジスタである請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  4. エンハンスメント型ＧａＮトランジスタである請求項２に記載のデバイス。
  5. ポリイミドプラスチックからなる第２の不動態化材料を更に有する請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  6. 前記活性領域は前記デバイスの端まで延びている請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  7. 前記基板と前記ヒートシンクとの間に絶縁体の層を有しないシリコン基板の表面に直接搭載されたヒートシンクを更に有する請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  8. 前記電気的接続は銅、鉛、銀、アンチモン、及び錫の様々な組み合わせからなるはんだバンプを含む請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  9. 前記電気的接続は、少なくとも１つのゲート電極、少なくとも１つのドレイン電極、及び少なくとも２つのソース電極とを含み、
    該ソース電極の１つはケルビン接続として用いられる請求項１に記載のデバイス。
  10. 複数の能動デバイスが、前記シリコン基板上に取り込まれた請求項３に記載のデバイス。
  11. 前記トランジスタは、ハーフブリッジ又はフルブリッジ構成である請求項３に記載のデバイス。
  12. 前記トランジスタは、同一の前記シリコン基板上の自分より小さい駆動トランジスタにより駆動される請求項３に記載のデバイス。
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