JP2012518871A - Li蓄電池内での高い安全性と高出力とを兼備する非均質な正電極材料 - Google Patents
Li蓄電池内での高い安全性と高出力とを兼備する非均質な正電極材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017156 Ni0.80Co0.15Al0.05 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 42
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910015030 LiNiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910011698 LiNi0.7Co0.2Ti0.05Mg0.05O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002995 LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015915 LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M4/13915—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx containing halogen atoms, e.g. LiCoOxFy
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Abstract
Description
0.9<a<1.1、0.3≦x≦0.9、0<y≦0.4、0<z≦0.35、e<0.02(主としてe=0であるか又は0に近い)、0≦f≦0.05及び0.9<(x+y+z+f)<1.1であり;
MはAl、Mg及びTiの群からのいずれか1つ以上の元素からなり;AはS及びCのいずれか1つ又はその両方からなり;前記粉末はD10、D50及びD90を規定する粒径分布を有し;且つ前記x及びzのパラメータは前記粉末の粒径によって変化し、
x1−x2≧0.010及びz2−z1≧0.010
のいずれか1つ又はその両方を特徴とし;
x1及びz1は粒径D90を有する粒子に相応するパラメータであり;且つx2及びz2は粒径D10を有する粒子に相応するパラメータである。Co含有率に相応する場合、有利には絶対値(y1−y2)は0.010未満、又は更にy1=y2=yである。
− 異なるD10及びD90値を特徴とする異なる粒径分布を有する少なくとも2つのLiaNixCoyMzO2±eAf前駆体粉末を提供する工程、その際、より低いD10及びD90値を有する粉末が、より高いD10及びD90値を有する粉末よりも低いNi含有率及び高いM含有率を有する、
− 前記少なくとも2つの前駆体粉末とリチウム前駆体、有利にはリチウム水酸化物とを混合する工程、
− 前記混合物を少なくとも600℃の温度で加熱する工程
を含む、粉末酸化物の製造方法にも関する。
− これらの大きな粒子が電力性能を制限することが知られているにもかかわらず、大きな粒子内でNi含有率及びM含有率が最適化された(それぞれ増加及び減少)時の、改善された電力性能
− これらの小さい径の粒子は、安全性に有害であることが知られているにもかかわらず、微細な粒子内でNi及びM含有率が最適化された(それぞれ減少及び増加)時の、改善された安全性能。
図1:異なるサイズの球状粒子を示す本発明による材料のSEM像。
第1工程において、モル組成77.5:15:7.5(Ni+Al=85)を有するNCA水酸化物前駆体を、NaOH及びアンモニアの存在下でNi、Co及びAl硫酸塩から沈殿させる。得られるNCA水酸化物は、球状の形状を有し、且つ、レーザー粒度分析から測定された平均粒径は、D50=3.9μm付近を中心としている(D10=0.6μm、D90=6.5μm)。NCA水酸化物は2.31質量%の硫酸塩も含有する。
− Niについて:Ni(モル%)=0.71.D+73.5
− Alについて:Al(モル%)=−0.71.D+11.4。
第1工程において、モル組成80:15:5を有するNCA水酸化物材料を、NaOH及びアンモニアの存在下でNi、Co及びAl硫酸塩から沈殿させる。レーザー粒度分析から測定された平均粒径は、D50=6.1μm付近を中心としている(D10=3.1μm、D90=10.0μm)。NCA水酸化物は1.80質量%の硫酸塩も含有する。
− Niについて:Ni(モル%)=−0.07.D+80.5
− Alについて:Al(モル%)=0.03.D+4.9。
Claims (10)
- 蓄電池内でカソード材料として使用するためのリチウム金属酸化物粉末であって、一般式LiaNixCoyMzO2±eAf
(式中、0.9<a<1.1、0.3≦x≦0.9、0<y≦0.4、0<z≦0.35、e<0.02、0≦f≦0.05及び0.9<(x+y+z+f)<1.1;
MはAl、Mg、及びTiの群からのいずれか1つ以上の元素からなり;AはS及びCのいずれか1つ又はその両方からなる)
を有し;前記粉末はD10、D50及びD90を規定する粒径分布を有し;且つ前記x及びzパラメータは前記粉末の粒径に伴って変化し、
x1−x2≧0.010及び
z2−z1≧0.010のいずれか1つ又はその両方であり;
前記x1及びz1は、粒径D90を有する粒子に相応するパラメータであり;且つ前記x2及びz2は、粒径D10を有する粒子に相応するパラメータであることを特徴とする、前記リチウム金属酸化物粉末。 - x1−x2≧0.030とz2−z1≧0.030との両方、有利にはx1−x2≧0.050とz2−z1≧0.050との両方を特徴とする、請求項1に記載の酸化物粉末。
- 前記粉末のNi含有率が粒径の増加に伴って増加し、且つ前記粉末のM含有率が粒径の増加に伴って減少することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の酸化物粉末。
- AがS及びCからなり、f≦0.02であり、且つMがAlからなることを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の酸化物粉末。
- AがCからなり、f≦0.01であり、且つMがAlからなることを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の酸化物粉末。
- 一般式LiaNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05C0.01O2を有する請求項5に記載の酸化物粉末。
- 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の粉末の、リチウム二次電池内での使用。
- 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の粉末の製造方法であって、
− 異なるD10及びD90値を特徴とする異なる粒径分布を有する少なくとも2つのLiaNixCoyMzO2±eAf前駆体粉末を提供する工程、その際、より低いD10及びD90値を有する粉末が、より高いD10及びD90値を有する粉末よりも低いNi含有率及び高いM含有率を有する、
− 前記少なくとも2つの前駆体粉末とリチウム前駆体、有利にはリチウム水酸化物とを混合する工程、
− 前記混合物を少なくとも600℃の温度で加熱する工程
を含む、前記粉末の製造方法。 - 前記前駆体粉末が、アルカリ水酸化物及びキレート剤、有利にはアンモニアの存在下で金属硫酸塩、硝酸塩、塩化物又は炭酸塩の沈殿によって得られる水酸化物又はオキシ水酸化物組成物である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体粉末のCo含有率が同一である、請求項8又は9に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09002410 | 2009-02-20 | ||
EP09002410.0 | 2009-02-20 | ||
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PCT/EP2010/000545 WO2010094394A1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-01-29 | Non-homogeneous positive electrode materials combining high safety and high power in a li rechargeable battery |
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JP2011216485A (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | 正極活物質、並びにそれを採用した正極及びリチウム電池 |
US9748570B2 (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2017-08-29 | Umicore | Positive electrode material having a size dependent composition |
JP2014520359A (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2014-08-21 | ユミコア | サイズ依存性の組成を有する正極材料 |
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WO2016067960A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-06 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケル複合水酸化物とその製造方法 |
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JP2018533166A (ja) * | 2015-09-08 | 2018-11-08 | ユミコア | 再充電可能バッテリー用のLi遷移金属酸化物カソードを調製するための前駆体及び方法 |
US10644312B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2020-05-05 | Umicore | Precursor and method for preparing Li transition metal oxide cathodes for rechargeable batteries |
WO2017056734A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | リチウム二次電池 |
WO2020129374A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム複合金属酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
JP2020100526A (ja) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-07-02 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム複合金属酸化物粉末、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
KR20210100117A (ko) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-08-13 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 리튬 복합 금속 산화물, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 활물질, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
US11557762B2 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2023-01-17 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Lithium composite metal oxide, positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries, positive electrode for lithium secondary batteries, and lithium secondary battery |
KR102655472B1 (ko) | 2018-12-20 | 2024-04-05 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 리튬 복합 금속 산화물, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 활물질, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
WO2022004323A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-01-06 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池正極活物質用前駆体及びリチウム二次電池正極活物質の製造方法 |
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CN102362378B (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
EP2399311A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
TW201042804A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
KR101352296B1 (ko) | 2014-01-15 |
CA2751819A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
WO2010094394A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
TWI446611B (zh) | 2014-07-21 |
JP5832300B2 (ja) | 2015-12-16 |
US20120104311A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
EP2399311B1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
BRPI1008625A2 (pt) | 2016-03-01 |
US8673170B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 |
KR20110126653A (ko) | 2011-11-23 |
JP2015015263A (ja) | 2015-01-22 |
CA2751819C (en) | 2013-12-10 |
CN102362378A (zh) | 2012-02-22 |
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