JP2011527494A - 加熱装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
- C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
- C04B35/465—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates
- C04B35/468—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates
- C04B35/4682—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates based on BaTiO3 perovskite phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6022—Injection moulding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6028—Shaping around a core which is removed later
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
- Y10T29/49083—Heater type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図1a
Description
達成されるべき1つの目的は、高効率を有した加熱装置を提供することにある。
1つの実施例によれば、加熱装置が提供され、この加熱装置は外面を有し、媒体の案内に適したパイプと、このパイプの外面上における少なくとも1つの射出成形の成形体とを備えている。この場合、成形体はその形態に関してパイプの外面に適合し、電気抵抗に関して正の抵抗温度係数を有する材料を含む。
更にまた、パイプによって案内され且つ加熱されるべき媒体と成形体との間に直接的な接触はない。従って、加熱されるべき媒体による成形体の腐食や溶解及び/又はその媒体による成形体の材料の汚染を阻止可能となる。
接着剤は、エポキシ類、ポリアミド類及びシリコン類ベースの接着剤のグループから選択された材料を含むことができる。更に、これら材料は、銀及び/又はニッケル及び/又は酸化アルミニウムの粉末を含むことができ、これら粉末は接着剤の熱伝導を改善する。
電極が成形体の端側面に取り付けられ、そして、2mmの距離を有していれば、例えば、成形体の壁厚は0.2mmとすることができる。
更にまた、上述の特性を有する加熱装置を製造する方法が提供される。この方法は、
A)外面を有するパイプ(10)を準備し、
B)前記パイプ(10)の外面に合致する形状を有した少なくとも1つの成形体(20)を射出成形し、
C)前記成形体(20)を焼結し、
D)前記成形体(20)に電極(30)を配置し、
E)少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)及び前記パイプ(10)を組付け且つ固定する、A)〜E)の工程を備える。
10ppmよりも少ない金属不純物のセラミック出発材料を製造するため、セラミック出発材料はツールを使用して製造される。このツールは摩耗を避けるために硬化被膜を有する。硬化被膜は例えばタングステンカーバイトからなる。セラミック材料に接触するツールの全面は硬化被膜で覆うことができる。
セラミック充填材料が組み込まれる母材はセクラミック材料よりも低い溶融点を有し、この場合、セラミック材料に対して20質量%よりも少ない割合を有する。母材はワッスク、樹脂、熱可塑性物質及び水溶性ポリマのグループから選択された材料を含むことができる。更に、材料は抗酸化剤又は可塑剤等の添加物もまた同様に含むことができる。
B1)セラミック出発材料を準備し、
B2)前記出発材料を型内にて射出成形し、
B3)母材を取り除く、B1)〜B3)の工程を含む。
C)の工程での焼結中、セラミック出発材料は正の電気抵抗温度整数を有した成形体の材料に変換される。
上述の主題は図面及び実施例に基づいてより詳細に説明される。
図1,2の電極の異なる実施例の結果、成形体内での電流の流れ方向は異なる。図1の実施例では、成形体20を流れる電流の流れはパイプ10の外面と平行に走り、これに対し、図2の実施例での電流の流れはパイプ10の外面とは直交する方向に走る。特に図1の実施例は成形体の厚みが薄くとも高い加熱パワーを達成する
20 成形体
30 電極
30a 外側電極
30b 内側電極
40 ペースト
50 接点要素
60 クランプ
Claims (15)
- 外面を有し、媒体の案内に適したパイプ(10)と、
前記パイプ(10)の外面に設けられ、電気抵抗に関して正の抵抗温度係数を有する材料を含み且つ前記パイプ(10)の外面に適合する少なくとも1つの射出成形の成形体(20)と
を備えることを特徴とする加熱装置。 - 前記パイプ(10)の外面は少なくとも部分的領域に湾曲を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加熱装置。
- 前記パイプ(10)は高い熱伝導材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の加熱装置。
- 少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)及び前記パイプ(10)は互いに熱的に接触していることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記パイプ(10)と少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)との間に熱伝導ペーストが配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 少なくもと1つの前記成形体(20)は長手方向の延長部を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記成形体(20)は、クランプ(60)又は接着剤を介して前記パイプ(10)に固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記パイプ(10)は円筒状の外面を有し、少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)は前記外面にしっかりと組み合うべく適合していることを特徴とする請求項1〜7の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記パイプ(10)の外面にはパイプ(10)の周方向に沿って複数の成形体(20)が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜8の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記パイプ(10)は流体の案内に適していることを特徴とする請求項1〜9の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 前記成形体(20)は電流の流れを発生させる電気的な接触接続(50)を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜10の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)はセラミック材料を含み、このセラミック材料はBa1−x−yMxDyTi1−a−bNaMnbO3の構造を有し、ここで、Xは0〜0.5、Yは0〜0.01、aは0〜0.01、bは0〜0.01、Mは2価の陽イオンを含み、Dは3価又は4価のドナーを含み、Nは5価又は6価の陽イオンを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜11の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)は−30℃〜340℃の範囲のキュリー温度を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜12の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)は25℃にて、3Ωcm〜30000Ωcmの範囲の抵抗を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜13の何れかに記載の加熱装置。
- 請求項1〜14の何れかの加熱装置を製造する方法であって、
A)外面を有するパイプ(10)を準備し、
B)前記パイプ(10)の外面に合致する形状を有した少なくとも1つの成形体(20)を射出成形し、
C)前記成形体(20)を焼結し、
D)前記成形体(20)に電極(30)を配置し、
E)少なくとも1つの前記成形体(20)及び前記パイプ(10)を組付け且つ固定する、A)〜E)の工程を備えることを特徴とする加熱装置の製造方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102008032509A DE102008032509A1 (de) | 2008-07-10 | 2008-07-10 | Heizungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Heizungsvorrichtung |
DE102008032509.0 | 2008-07-10 | ||
PCT/EP2009/058421 WO2010003900A1 (de) | 2008-07-10 | 2009-07-03 | Heizungsvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung der heizungsvorrichtung |
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JP2011527494A true JP2011527494A (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
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JP2011517111A Pending JP2011527494A (ja) | 2008-07-10 | 2009-07-03 | 加熱装置及びその製造方法 |
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US (1) | US20110297666A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2298026B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2011527494A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0915443B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102008032509A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010003900A1 (ja) |
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DE102011077922B4 (de) * | 2011-06-21 | 2024-10-10 | Mahle International Gmbh | Wärmeübertrager |
US20130252808A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | Yoshihiro Yamazaki | Catalysts for thermochemical fuel production and method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production |
TWI561107B (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2016-12-01 | Chung Nan Liu | High frequency electric heating pipe |
CN103363237B (zh) * | 2012-03-26 | 2016-06-22 | 昆山渝榕电子有限公司 | 高频电加热料管 |
US20140124500A1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-08 | Betacera Inc. | Insulated heater |
KR101864991B1 (ko) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-06-05 | 서상민 | 메탈 히터 시스템 |
EP3788319A1 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2021-03-10 | Path Robotics, Inc. | Reflection refuting laser scanner |
US20210185766A1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2021-06-17 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Heating Module |
WO2022016152A1 (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-20 | Path Robotics, Inc. | Real time feedback and dynamic adjustment for welding robots |
WO2022182894A1 (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2022-09-01 | Path Robotics Inc. | Autonomous welding robots |
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JPH0579695A (ja) * | 1991-01-24 | 1993-03-30 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 液体加熱装置 |
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- 2009-07-03 EP EP09780140.1A patent/EP2298026B1/de active Active
- 2009-07-03 BR BRPI0915443-4A patent/BRPI0915443B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
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BRPI0915443B1 (pt) | 2019-10-01 |
BRPI0915443A2 (pt) | 2015-11-10 |
DE102008032509A1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
US20110297666A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
WO2010003900A1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
EP2298026A1 (de) | 2011-03-23 |
EP2298026B1 (de) | 2015-09-02 |
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