JP2010517271A - 多接合太陽電池並びにそれを形成するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
多接合太陽電池並びにそれを形成するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 95
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 27
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxygen in the air Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron Chemical compound B#B ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si]Cl BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/075—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PIN type
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Abstract
【選択図】 図1
Description
[0001]本発明の実施形態は、一般的には、太陽電池並びにそれを形成するための方法及び装置に関する。更に詳細には、本発明の実施形態は、多接合薄膜太陽電池並びにそれを形成するための方法及び装置に関する。
[0002]結晶シリコン太陽電池と薄膜太陽電池は、二つの種類の太陽電池である。結晶シリコン太陽電池は、典型的には、単結晶シリコン基板(即ち、純シリコンの単結晶基板)又は多結晶シリコン基板(即ち、多結晶又はポリシリコン)のいずれかを用いる。追加の膜層をシリコン基板に堆積して、光の捕獲を改善し、電気回路を形成し、且つデバイスを保護する。薄膜太陽電池は、適切な基板上に堆積された物質の薄層を用いて、一つ以上のp-n接合部を形成する。適切な基板としては、ガラス基板、金属基板、ポリマー基板が挙げられる。
[0043]本明細書に開示される実施例は、本来例示的であり、特許請求の範囲に明確に示されない限り本発明の範囲を制限することを意味しない。
Claims (30)
- 基板の上に多接合薄膜太陽電池を形成する方法であって:
第一p-i-n接合部を形成するステップであって:
p型アモルファスシリコン層を形成する工程と;
該p型アモルファスシリコン層の上に真性型アモルファスシリコン層を形成する工程と;
該真性型アモルファスシリコン層の上にn型微結晶シリコン層を形成する工程と;
を含む、前記ステップと;
該第一p-i-n接合部の上に第二p-i-n接合部を形成するステップであって:
p型微結晶シリコン層を形成する工程と;
該p型微結晶シリコン層の上に真性型微結晶シリコン層を形成する工程と;
該真性型微結晶層の上にn型アモルファスシリコン層を形成する工程と;
を含む、前記ステップと;
を含む、前記方法。 - 該第一p-i-n接合部を形成するステップが、該真性型アモルファスシリコン層と該n型微結晶シリコン層の間にn型アモルファスシリコンバッファ層を形成する工程を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部が、酸化亜鉛透明導電性酸化物層の上に形成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部が、該酸化亜鉛透明導電性酸化物層と該p型アモルファスシリコン層の間に形成されたp型微結晶コンタクト層を更に備える、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部の該p型アモルファスシリコン層が約60オングストローム〜約300オングストロームの厚さに形成され;該第一p-i-n接合部の該真性型アモルファスシリコン層が約1,500オングストローム〜約3,500オングストロームの厚さに形成され;該第一p-i-n接合部の該n型微結晶シリコン層が約100オングストローム〜約400オングストロームの厚さに形成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該第二p-i-n接合部の該p型微結晶シリコン層が約100オングストローム〜約400オングストロームの厚さに形成され;該第二p-i-n接合部の該真性型アモルファスシリコン層が約10,000オングストローム〜約30,000オングストロームの厚さに形成され;該n型アモルファスシリコン層が約100オングストローム〜約500オングストロームの厚さに形成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該n型アモルファスシリコンバッファ層が、約10オングストローム〜約200オングストロームの厚さに形成される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 該p型微結晶コンタクト層が、約60オングストローム〜約300オングストロームの厚さに形成される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部が、第一プロセスチャンバと第二プロセスチャンバを備える第一プロセスシステム内で形成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部の該p型アモルファスシリコン層が、該第一プロセスシステムの該第一プロセスチャンバ内で形成され、該真性型アモルファスシリコン層と該n型微結晶シリコン層が、該第一プロセスシステムの該第二プロセスチャンバ内で形成される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部を形成するステップが、更に、該第一システムの該第二プロセスチャンバ内で該真性型アモルファスシリコン層と該n型微結晶シリコン層の間にn型アモルファスシリコンバッファ層を形成する工程を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部を形成するステップが、更に、該第一プロセスシステムの該第一プロセスチャンバ内で該p型アモルファスシリコン層を形成する前にp型微結晶コンタクト層を形成する工程を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 該第二p-i-n接合部が、第一プロセスチャンバと第二プロセスチャンバを備える第二プロセスシステム内で形成される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部の該p型微結晶シリコン層が、該第二プロセスシステムの該第一プロセスチャンバ内で形成され、該第二p-i-n接合部の該真性型微結晶シリコン層と該n型アモルファスシリコン層が、該第二プロセスシステムの該第二チャンバ内で形成される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 該第一p-i-n接合部の該n型微結晶シリコン層と該第二p-i-n接合部の該p型微結晶シリコン層が、該第一p-i-n接合部と該第二p-i-n接合部の間のトンネル層として作用するのに充分な導電性を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該第二p-i-n接合部の該n型アモルファスシリコン層が、多量にドープされたn型アモルファスシリコン層を備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該多量にドープされたn型アモルファスシリコン層の抵抗率が、約500オーム-cm以下である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 該基板が、該第一p-i-n接合部と該第二p-i-n接合部の形成の間に周囲環境にさらされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該p型アモルファスシリコン層が、p型アモルファスシリコン-炭素層である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 多接合薄膜太陽電池を形成する装置であって:
第一p-i-n接合部を形成するように構成された少なくとも一つの第一システムであって:
p型アモルファスシリコン層を堆積させるように構成された単一pチャンバと;
それぞれが真性型アモルファスシリコン層とn型微結晶シリコン層を堆積させるように形成された複数のi/nチャンバと;
を備える、前記少なくとも一つの第一システムと;
該第一p-i-n接合部の上に第二p-i-n接合部を形成するように構成された少なくとも一つの第二システムであって:
p型微結晶シリコン層を堆積させるように形成された単一pチャンバと;
それぞれが真性型微結晶シリコン層とn型アモルファスシリコン層を堆積させるように構成された複数のi/nチャンバと;
を備える、前記少なくとも一つの第二システムと;
を備える、前記装置。 - 該第一システムの該i/nチャンバが、更に、n型アモルファスシリコン層を堆積させるように構成されている、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 該第一システムの該pチャンバが、更に、p型微結晶コンタクト層を堆積させるように構成されている、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 第一システム内のpチャンバとi/nチャンバの比が1:4以上である、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 該第二システム内のpチャンバとi/nチャンバの比が1:4以上である、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 第一システムと第二システムの比が、1:2以上である、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 該第一システムの該単一pチャンバによって堆積されるp型アモルファスシリコン層が、p型アモルファスシリコン-炭素層である、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 基板の上に多接合薄膜太陽電池を形成する方法であって:
シランガスを約1sccm/L〜約10sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約5sccm/L〜約60sccm/Lの流量で、p型ドーパントを約0.005sccm/L〜約0.05sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を15ミリワット/cm2〜約200ミリワット/cm2で供給して、p型アモルファスシリコン層を形成するステップと;
シランガスを約0.5sccm/L〜約7sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約5sccm/L〜約60sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を15ミリワット/cm2〜約250ミリワット/cm2で供給して、真性型アモルファスシリコン層を形成するステップと;
シランガスを約0.1sccm/L〜約0.8sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約30sccm/L〜約250sccm/Lの流量で、n型ドーパントを約0.0005sccm/L〜約0.004sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を約100ミリワット/cm2〜約900ミリワット/cm2で供給して、n型微結晶シリコン層を形成するステップと;
シランガスを約0.1sccm/L〜約0.8sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約60sccm/L〜約500sccm/Lの流量で、p型ドーパントを約0.0002sccm/L〜約0.0016sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を50ミリワット/cm2〜約700ミリワット/cm2で供給して、p型微結晶シリコン層を形成するステップと;
シランガスを約0.5sccm/L〜約5sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約40sccm/L〜約400sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を約300ミリワット/cm2以上で供給して、真性型微結晶シリコン層を形成するステップと;
シランガスを約0.1sccm/L〜約1sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約1sccm/L〜約10sccm/Lの流量で、n型ドーパントを約0.01sccm/L〜約0.075sccm/Lの流量で供給して、n型アモルファスシリコン層を形成するステップと;
を含む、前記方法。 - シランガスを約0.1sccm/L〜約0.8sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを約60sccm/L〜約500sccm/Lの流量で、p型ドーパントを約0.0002sccm/L〜約0.0016sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を約50ミリワット/cm2〜約700ミリワット/cm2で供給して、p型微結晶シリコンコンタクト層を形成するステップを更に含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- シランを約1sccm/L〜約10sccm/Lの流量で、水素ガスを4sccm/L〜約50sccm/Lの流量で、n型ドーパントを約0.0005sccm/L〜約0.0075sccm/Lの流量で、RF電力を約15ミリワット/cm2〜約250ミリワット/cm2で供給して、n型アモルファスシリコンバッファ層を形成するステップを更に含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 該p型アモルファスシリコン層が、炭素含有化合物を約1sccm/L〜約15sccm/Lで供給することによって更に形成される、請求項27に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
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TWI369788B (en) | 2012-08-01 |
EP2104955A4 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
US20080264480A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
EP2104955A2 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
WO2008089043A3 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
KR20090130219A (ko) | 2009-12-21 |
WO2008089043A2 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
TW200840071A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
US7582515B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 |
US20080188033A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
KR20080068523A (ko) | 2008-07-23 |
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