JP2010516229A - ヒトサイトメガロウイルス中和抗体およびその使用 - Google Patents
ヒトサイトメガロウイルス中和抗体およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、hCMVの中和において特に高い力価を有するモノクローナルまたは組換え抗体を提供する。また、本発明は、これらの組換えまたはモノクローナル抗体の断片、例えば、hCMVタンパク質UL130およびUL131Aに特異的な少なくとも1つの相補性決定領域(complementarity determining region:CDR)を保持する、特に抗体の抗原結合活性を保持する断片も提供する。
本発明によるモノクローナル抗体は、当技術分野において既知の方法のうちの1つで生成することができる。ハイブリドーマ技術を使用してモノクローナル抗体を生成するための一般手法は既知である[34、35]。好ましくは、参考文献36に記述される代替的なEBV不死化方法が使用される。
形質転換されたB細胞を、所望の抗原特異性の抗体を産生するものに対してスクリーニングし、次いで、個々のB細胞クローンは、陽性細胞から産生することができる。
上記のように、本発明の抗体は、それらが結合するエピトープをマッピングするために使用することができる。出願者は、内皮細胞、上皮細胞、網膜細胞および樹枝状細胞のhCMV感染を中和する抗体1F11、2F4、5A2および9A11が、UL130およびUL131Aの組み合わせ上に見られるエピトープに向けられることを発見した。出願者は、この理論に制約されることを望まないが、抗体1F11および2F4が、これらの2つのタンパク質によって形成される高次構造エピトープに結合すると考えられる。また、5A2および9A11も、UL130およびUL131Aによって形成されるかかる高次構造エピトープに結合すると考えられる。
また、本発明の不死化メモリーBリンパ球は、その後の組換え発現に対する抗体遺伝子のクローニングのために核酸源としても使用し得る。組換え源からの発現は、例えば、安定性、再現性、培養の容易さ等の理由で、B細胞またはハイブリドーマからの発現よりも、医薬目的上より一般的である。
医薬品の活性成分としての抗体の使用は、現在では広範囲にわたり、ハーセプチン(Herceptin(登録商標))(トラスツズマブ)、リツキサン(Rituxan(登録商標))、キャンパス(Campath(登録商標))、レミケード(Remicade(登録商標))、レオプロ(ReoPro(登録商標))、マイロターグ(Mylotarg(登録商標))、ゼヴァリン(Zevalin(登録商標))、オマリズマブ、シナジス(Synagis(登録商標))(パリビズマブ)、ゼナパックス(Zenapax(登録商標))(ダクリズマブ)等の製品を含む。
本発明の抗体またはその断片は、hCMV感染の治療、hCMV感染の予防またはhCMV感染の診断のために使用され得る。
「含む(comprising)」という用語は、「含む(including)」および「成る(consisting)」包含し、例えば、Xを「含む」組成物は、独占的にXから成るか、または、例えばX+Y等の何らかの付加的なものを含み得る。
血清中に高いhCMV中和抗体力価を持つ2つのドナーを確認した。メモリーB細胞を、参考文献36に記述されるように、EBVおよびCpGを使用して単離および不死化した。つまり、メモリーB細胞を、CD22ビーズを使用してネガティブ選択により単離し、続いて特異的抗体および細胞分類を使用してIgM+、IgD+IgA+B細胞を除去した。CpG2006の存在下において、分類した細胞(IgG+)をEBVで不死化し、同種単核細胞を照射した。それぞれ50メモリーB細胞を含有する同型培養物を、20の96ウェルU字形底プレートに配置した。2週間後、培養上清を採取し、別々のアッセイにおいて線維芽細胞または上皮細胞のいずれかのhCMV感染を中和するそれらの能力を試験した。B細胞クローンを、参考文献36に記述されるように、陽性多クローン性培養物から単離した。選択したクローンの上清中のIgG濃度は、IgG特異的ELISAを使用して決定した。
ヒトMRC−9線維芽細胞を、臨床hCMV分離株に感染させた。3日後、細胞を35Sメチオニンおよびシステインで代謝的に標識した。溶解物の事前排除後、ヒトモノクローナル抗体1F11および2F4を添加し、免疫複合体を、タンパク質Aビーズの添加によって沈殿させて、SDS−PAGE上で分解した(図1)。不適切な特異性を持つヒトモノクローナルIgG抗体を、陰性対照として使用した。結果は、ヒトモノクローナル抗体1F11および2F4が、CMVタンパク質の複合体を沈殿させることを示す。
上記の結果は、ヒト内皮細胞のhCMV感染を、高い力価および選択性で中和することが可能な2つのヒトモノクローナル抗体を定義する。認識したエピトープを同定するため、抗体を、hCMV感染細胞からのタンパク質を免疫沈降するそれらの能力に関して試験した(図1)。ヒトMab1F11および2F4は、約15、33〜35および約100キロダルトンの見かけの分子量を有する幾つかのタンパク質を沈殿させた。これらのパターンは、gH、gLおよびUL128、UL130ならびに可能性としてUL131Aを含有する複合体の沈殿と一致する。
線維芽細胞の感染を中和するヒトモノクローナル抗体の特異性をマッピングするため、全長gBをコードする発現ベクターを構築した。HEK293T細胞に、このベクターを形質移入した。36時間後、細胞を固定し、透過処理して、ヒトモノクローナル抗体(HuMab)と、続いてヤギ抗ヒトIgGで染色した。図4は、(不適切な特異性のIgG抗体ではなく)モノクローナル抗体7H3、10C6、5F1、および6B4が、gBを形質移入した細胞を特異的に染色したため、それらがgBのエピトープを認識することが示唆されることを示す。注目すべきは、モノクローナル抗体10C6、5F1および6B4が、線維芽細胞および内皮細胞の感染を中和し、一方で、モノクローナル抗体7H3が、(内皮細胞のではなく)線維芽細胞の感染を中和することである。この概念により、モノクローナル抗体10C6、5F1、および6B4が、モノクローナル抗体7H3により結合されているエピトープとは異なるgBの機能的エピトープに結合することが示唆される。
Claims (68)
- ヒトサイトメガロウイルスの中和において高い力価を有する中和抗体。
- 前記抗体は、10−8M以下の親和性を有する、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- hCMV臨床分離株の50%中和に必要な抗体の濃度は、0.1μg/ml以下である、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- MSL109よりもhCMVに対して少なくとも50倍高い親和性を有する、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体は、hCMVタンパク質UL130/UL131Aの組み合わせに特異的である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の抗体。
- 配列番号1〜6、11〜16または33〜38のうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- 配列番号1〜3、11〜13または33〜35のうちの1つ以上を含む重鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CDRH1に対して配列番号1、CDRH2に対して配列番号2、およびCDRH3に対して配列番号3を含む重鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CDRH1に対して配列番号11、CDRH2に対して配列番号12、およびCDRH3に対して配列番号13を含む重鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CDRH1に対して配列番号33、CDRH2に対して配列番号34、およびCDRH3に対して配列番号35を含む重鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- 配列番号4〜6、14〜16または36〜38のうちの1つ以上を含む軽鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CDRL1に対して配列番号4、CDRL2に対して配列番号5、およびCDRL3に対して配列番号6を含む軽鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CDRL1に対して配列番号14、CDRL2に対して配列番号15、およびCDRL3に対して配列番号16を含む軽鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- CDRL1に対して配列番号36、CDRL2に対して配列番号37、およびCDRL3に対して配列番号38を含む軽鎖を含む、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- 前記重鎖は、配列番号7に示される配列を有する、請求項8に記載の抗体。
- 前記重鎖は、配列番号17に示される配列を有する、請求項9に記載の抗体。
- 前記重鎖は、配列番号39に示される配列を有する、請求項10に記載の抗体。
- 前記軽鎖は、配列番号8に示される配列を有する、請求項12に記載の抗体。
- 前記軽鎖は、配列番号18に示される配列を有する、請求項13に記載の抗体。
- 前記軽鎖は、配列番号40に示される配列を有する、請求項14に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体は、ヒトモノクローナル抗体である、前記いずれかの請求項に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体は、モノクローナル抗体1F11である、請求項15または請求項18に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体は、モノクローナル抗体2F4である、請求項16または請求項19に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体は、モノクローナル抗体5A2である、請求項17または請求項20に記載の抗体。
- 請求項7または請求項11に記載の抗体に結合することが可能なエピトープに結合する抗体。
- 前記いずれかの請求項に記載の抗体の断片。
- Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2またはFv断片である、請求項26に記載の断片。
- 前記いずれかの請求項に記載の抗体または断片をコードする、核酸分子。
- 前記核酸分子は、配列番号9、10、19、20、21〜32、または41〜48のいずれか1つを含む、請求項28に記載の核酸分子。
- 請求項28または請求項29に記載の核酸分子を含む、ベクター。
- 請求項30に記載のベクターを含む、細胞。
- 請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の抗体を発現する、不死化B細胞クローン。
- 請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の抗体に結合する、エピトープ。
- 請求項33に記載のエピトープを含む、免疫原性ポリペプチド。
- 請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の抗体を産生する方法であって、(i)請求項10に記載の不死化B細胞クローンを培養するステップと、(ii)抗体を単離するステップと、を含む、方法。
- 請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の抗体もしくは断片、請求項28もしくは請求項29に記載の核酸、請求項32に記載の不死化B細胞クローン、または請求項34に記載の免疫原性ポリペプチドを含む、医薬組成物。
- 第1のエピトープに特異的な第1の抗体または断片、および第2のエピトープに特異的な第2の抗体または断片を含む、請求項36に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬的に許容可能な希釈剤または担体をさらに含む、請求項36または請求項37に記載の医薬組成物。
- 治療法もしくは診断に使用するための、請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の抗体もしくは断片、請求項28もしくは請求項29に記載の核酸、請求項32に記載の不死化B細胞クローン、または請求項34に記載の免疫原性ポリペプチド。
- (i)hCMV感染の治療のための薬物の製造における、または(ii)ワクチンにおける、請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の抗体または断片、請求項28もしくは請求項29に記載の核酸、請求項32に記載の不死化B細胞クローン、または請求項34に記載の免疫原性ポリペプチドの使用。
- hCMV感染の治療のための薬物の製造における、第1のエピトープに特異的な請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の第1の抗体または断片、および第2のエピトープに特異的な請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の第2の抗体または断片の使用。
- 患者は、hCMVに対する従来の治療に対して抵抗性がある、請求項40または請求項41に記載の使用。
- 前記患者は、抗ウイルス剤を、事前投与、事後投与または同時投与される、請求項40または請求項41に記載の使用。
- 前記抗ウイルス剤は、ガンシクロビル、ホスカルネットまたはシドホビルから選択される、請求項43に記載の使用。
- 前記患者は、免疫不全である、請求項40または請求項41に記載の使用。
- 前記患者は、HIVを有するか、または移植患者である、請求項45に記載の使用。
- 前記第1の抗体または断片は、UL130/UL131A複合体に特異的である、請求項37に記載の組成物または請求項41に記載の使用。
- 前記第2の抗体または断片は、gHに特異的である、請求項47に記載の組成物または使用。
- 請求項36〜38または47〜48のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物を投与するステップを含む、被験体を治療するための方法。
- 請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の抗体もしくは断片または請求項28もしくは請求項29に記載の核酸を含む、hCMV感染の診断のためのキット。
- 組換え細胞を調製する方法であって、(i)請求項32に定義されるB細胞クローンから核酸を配列決定するステップと、(ii)ステップ(i)からの配列情報を使用して、発現ホスト内における関心抗体の発現を可能にするように、そのホスト内に挿入するために核酸を調製するステップと、を含む、方法。
- 前記核酸は、制限部位を導入するため、コドン利用を変更するため、ならびに/または転写および/もしくは翻訳制御配列を最適化するために、ステップ(i)と(ii)との間で操作される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記発現ホストは、真核細胞である、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記真核細胞は、酵母細胞、動物細胞または植物細胞である、請求項53に記載の方法。
- 前記動物細胞は、哺乳類細胞である、請求項54に記載の方法。
- 前記動物細胞は、CHOまたはヒト細胞である、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト細胞は、PER.C6細胞、HEK293T細胞またはHKB−11細胞である、請求項56に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の抗体を産生するための方法であって、関心抗体が発現される条件下で、請求項51に記載の方法によって得られる発現ホストを培養または継代培養するステップと、任意に、(iv)前記関心抗体を精製するステップを含む、方法。
- hCMVに対する免疫学的応答を誘導することができるポリペプチドをスクリーニングする方法であって、請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の抗体または断片を使用して、ポリペプチドライブラリーをスクリーニングするステップを含む、方法。
- ワクチン中の抗原が、正しい高次構造において正しいエピトープを含有することを確認することによって、抗hCMVワクチンの質をモニターするための、請求項1〜27のいずれか1項に記載の抗体または断片の使用。
- 前記抗体は、内皮細胞、網膜細胞等の上皮細胞、および樹枝状細胞等の骨髄系細胞の感染を予防する、請求項40〜46のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- hCMV臨床分離株による内皮細胞、上皮細胞および樹枝状細胞の50%中和に必要な抗体の濃度は、0.1μg/ml以下である、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- 抗体の濃度は、0.01μg/ml以下である、請求項62に記載の抗体。
- 前記上皮細胞は、網膜細胞である、請求項62に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体は、hCMVタンパク質UL130/UL131Aの組み合わせに特異的である、請求項62に記載の抗体。
- (i)治療法における、(ii)hCMV感染を治療するための薬物の製造における、または(iii)ワクチンとしての使用のための、請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の抗体に特異的に結合するエピトープ。
- hCMV感染を中和することができるリガンドをスクリーニングするための、請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の抗体に特異的に結合するエピトープ。
- hCMV臨床分離株による内皮細胞、上皮細胞および樹枝状細胞の50%中和に必要な抗体の濃度は、MSL109によって必要とされる濃度よりも50倍以上低い、請求項1に記載の抗体。
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