JP2010036336A - 支持体及び研磨粒子を含む材料を切断及び/又は打抜くための方法 - Google Patents
支持体及び研磨粒子を含む材料を切断及び/又は打抜くための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010036336A JP2010036336A JP2009179115A JP2009179115A JP2010036336A JP 2010036336 A JP2010036336 A JP 2010036336A JP 2009179115 A JP2009179115 A JP 2009179115A JP 2009179115 A JP2009179115 A JP 2009179115A JP 2010036336 A JP2010036336 A JP 2010036336A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
- B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
- H01M50/406—Moulding; Embossing; Cutting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
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- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
- B26D2001/002—Materials or surface treatments therefor, e.g. composite materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
- B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
- B26F2001/4436—Materials or surface treatments therefore
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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Abstract
【解決手段】支持体及び研磨粒子を含み、その際、研磨粒子が支持体の内側及び/又は支持体の少なくとも一部の表面上に存在している材料を切断及び/又は打抜くための方法において、材料を切断及び/又は打抜くために、セラミック原料で被覆された切断工具又は打抜き工具、又はセラミック原料からなる切断工具又は打抜き工具、又はそれ以外のセラミック原料を含む切断工具又は打抜き工具を使用することを特徴とする方法。
【選択図】なし
Description
窒化チタンアルミニウム(TiAlN):
硬さ:約3300HV
酸化:800℃まで
層厚:数μmまで
被覆温度:180〜450℃
適用の際の温度作用により、酸化アルミニウムが表面上に形成される。これは、卓越した導熱及び材料の極度に高い硬さをもたらす。
硬さ:約3000HV
酸化:400℃まで
層厚:数μmまで
被覆温度:300〜450℃
前記材料は極めて高い硬さをもたらす。
前記方法によって、極めて多種の、場合より個々に準備された表面、特にそれぞれの寸法の被覆が許容される。それにより、全ての刃−、刃物−又は切断形を効果的に被覆することが可能である。得られた完成製品の層厚は、上記の他のPVD−/CVD−法で得られた層とは対象的に、2桁のμm範囲から数ミリメートルに達する。前記方法により、得ることのできる層厚の選択が拡張され、かつ得られる加工材料の適用可能性(刃及び刃物ないしポンチ)も拡張される。例えば、厚い層の場合には、一方ではよりわずかな摩擦抵抗を示し、かつ他方では、確かに切断ないし打抜くべきより硬度の高い原料に対して僅かな摩耗を示すものの、そのセラミック特性に基づき憂慮のない、より軟質の層を施与することができる。層厚に基づき、工具の寿命はなおも十分に長い。
少量(数枚)のセラミック含有膜の切断のために、固定の金属テーブル;ゾーリンゲン刃物用鋼からなる、研磨面を有する飾り付き上部刃物及び研磨された下部刃物を有する、Dahle社製の梃状切断機(タイプ00561)の梃状はさみの刃を硬質表面で処理した。上部刃物及び下部刃物を分解及び洗浄した後、PVD法で、表面に窒化チタンアルミニウム(TiAlN)を施与した。厚さ約5μm。
SEPARION(R)(厚さ約50μm、幅250mmまでの約100の切断片)のスタックされた層を切断するために、IDEAL社製スタック切断機(6550型)を使用した。付属の刃物を同様に洗浄し、引き続き、TiCNでPVD法で厚さ1μmで被覆する。上記の構成を用いて、上記のSEPARION(R)のスタックを切断した場合、いずれの切断においても切断縁部の変色は認められない。このことはREM−EDX分析によっても確認することができ、その際、汚染は認められなかった。
セラミックシートSEPARION(R)を、製造者Kyocera社のセラミック製はさみを用いて所望のサイズに適切に切断する。前記工具を用いて、原料をクリアにかつ残滓なく切断することができる。図1に示されているのと同等の金属摩耗なしに、クリアな切断像が認められる。
直径4cmの円形の穴ゲージを用いて、セラミックシートの円形の破片を打抜く。前記工具を用いて、原料をクリアにかつ残滓なしに切断することができる。図1に示されているのと同等の金属摩耗なしに、クリアな縁部が認められる。
SEPARION(R)のスタック層を切断するために(厚さ約50μm、幅250mmまでの約100の切断片)、IDEAL社製スタック切断機(6550型)を使用した。かかるスタックSEPARION(R)を付属の刃で切断した場合、切断縁部に既に最初の切断で著しい刃の摩耗が認められる。これは、縁切断部の汚染(灰色の変色)により明らかである。
セラミックシートSEPARION(R)の摩耗性を明確にするための単純な試験として、該シートを市販の事務用はさみ(硬質刃物用鋼)を用いて個々の層において切断する。切断縁部はクリアでなく、ささくれができ、かつ、切断縁部において、図1において示されている切断縁部と同等の灰黒色の粒子の形の摩耗が認められる。
Claims (12)
- 支持体及び研磨粒子を含み、その際、研磨粒子が支持体の内側及び/又は支持体の少なくとも一部の表面上に存在している材料を切断及び/又は打抜くための方法において、材料を切断及び/又は打抜くために、セラミック原料で被覆された切断工具又は打抜き工具、又はセラミック原料からなる切断工具又は打抜き工具、又はそれ以外のセラミック原料を含む切断工具又は打抜き工具を使用することを特徴とする方法。
- 支持体がプラスチック、多孔質プラスチック、前記プラスチックからなる不織布又は織物、紙又は板紙からなるか又は前記材料の少なくとも1を含むか、もしくは、支持体が前記材料の少なくとも1を含む積層体であるか又は前記材料の少なくとも2からなる積層体である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 支持体がプラスチックからなるか又はプラスチックを含み、かつ研磨粒子の少なくとも一部がプラスチックにより形成されたマトリックス中に包含されているか、もしくは、支持体が多孔質プラスチックからなるか又は多孔質プラスチックを含み、かつ研磨粒子の少なくとも一部が少なくとも部分的にプラスチックの細孔中に存在する、請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- 研磨粒子が酸化物粒子又はセラミック粒子であり、かつ少なくとも7、有利に少なくとも8、特に有利に少なくとも9のモース硬さを有する、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 切断及び/又は打抜くべき材料が、有利に電気化学的適用、特に有利にコンデンサ、スーパーコンデンサ、電池、リチウムイオン電池又はリチウム金属電池において使用するためのセラミックセパレータ材料である、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 切断及び/又は打抜きに使用するための切断工具又は打抜き工具が、それぞれ相互に無関係にTiC、TiN、TiCN、ZrC、ZrN、ZrCN、TiAlN、Al2O3、ZrO2、TiO2、CrN、SiC、WC、TiB2、cBN又は金属含有アモルファス炭素からなるか又は主に前記材料を含む1以上の層で被覆されている、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- TiC、TiN、TiCN、ZrC、ZrN、ZrCN、TiAlN、Al2O3、ZrO2、TiO2、CrN、SiC、WC、TiB2、cBN又は金属含有アモルファス炭素から成るか又は前記材料を含有する1以上の層が、CVD法、PVD法又はPACVD法により施与されている、請求項6記載の方法。
- TiC、TiN、TiCN、ZrC、ZrN、ZrCN、TiAlN、Al2O3、ZrO2、TiO2、CrN、SiC、WC、TiB2、cBN又は金属含有アモルファス炭素から成るか又は前記材料を含有する1以上の層が、火炎噴霧法により施与されている、請求項6記載の方法。
- 切断及び/又は打抜きに使用する切断工具又は打抜き工具が、ダイヤモンド又はダイヤモンド状の材料からなる1以上の層で被覆されている、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 切断及び/又は打抜きに使用する切断工具又は打抜き工具が、多結晶質立方晶窒化ホウ素(BN)からなるか、又は刃物用セラミック(C)、特に酸化物セラミック(CA)、非酸化物セラミック(CN)、混合セラミック(CM)又はホイスカー強化セラミック(CR)である、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 切断及び/又は打抜くべき材料を、以下:ポンチ、はさみ、ナイフ、カッター、梃状はさみ、スタック切断機、ロール切断機、縦切断装置及び横切断装置を含む系列から選択された切断工具又は打抜き工具を用いて切断及び/又は打抜き、その際、使用する切断工具又は打抜き工具の切断が、場合により直線状、湾曲状、又は円形の切断又は打抜きとして行われている、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の材料を切断及び/又は打抜くための、請求項6から11までのいずれか1項に定義されている切断工具又は打抜き工具の使用。
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Cited By (2)
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JP2012224888A (ja) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-11-15 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | 摺動部材 |
JP2017112957A (ja) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 株式会社クボタ | 切断刃およびそれを備える農業機械 |
Also Published As
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EP2149437A1 (de) | 2010-02-03 |
DE102008040896A1 (de) | 2010-02-04 |
KR20100014157A (ko) | 2010-02-10 |
CN101637921A (zh) | 2010-02-03 |
US20100024614A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
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