JP2010005515A - 複合膜及びそれを用いた水分量調整モジュール - Google Patents
複合膜及びそれを用いた水分量調整モジュール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2010005515A JP2010005515A JP2008166389A JP2008166389A JP2010005515A JP 2010005515 A JP2010005515 A JP 2010005515A JP 2008166389 A JP2008166389 A JP 2008166389A JP 2008166389 A JP2008166389 A JP 2008166389A JP 2010005515 A JP2010005515 A JP 2010005515A
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- Prior art keywords
- moisture
- permeable resin
- membrane
- water
- porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
【解決手段】複合膜では、一対の多孔質膜20の間に透湿樹脂層30が挟み込まれており、この透湿樹脂層30の平均厚さが5μm以下である。前記透湿樹脂は、好ましくは耐水性透湿樹脂である。耐水性透湿樹脂は、以下の耐水性試験前後の樹脂の体積変化から求まる膨潤度が20倍以下を満足する。
膨潤度=耐水性試験後の樹脂の体積/耐水性試験前の樹脂の体積
耐水性試験:温度120℃、水蒸気圧0.23MPaの環境下に24時間放置し、次いで温度25℃の水に15分間浸漬する
【選択図】図5
Description
なお特許文献3については後述する。
本発明のさらに他の目的は、外部材(スペーサー)50に対する接着特性にも優れた複合膜10及びそれを用いた水分量調整モジュールを提供することにある。
膨潤度=耐水性試験後の樹脂の体積/耐水性試験前の樹脂の体積
耐水性試験:温度120℃、水蒸気圧0.23MPaの環境下に24時間放置し、次いで温度25℃の水に15分間浸漬する
本発明には、前記複合膜を間隔をあけながら積み重ねられた水分量調整モジュールが含まれる。
また本発明の複合膜10において耐水透湿樹脂を使用すると、高温多湿条件に対する耐久性(耐高温多湿特性)を高めることができ、かつ高温多湿下での透湿性も良好になる。
以下、図示例を参照しつつ、本発明の複合膜の構造についてより詳細に説明する。
図5は本発明の複合膜10の一例を示す概略断面図である。図5に示すように、本発明の複合膜10では、一対の多孔質膜20の間に透湿樹脂層30が挟み込まれている。そのため透湿樹脂層30が多孔質膜20で保護され、外部材50と接触したときの表面耐久性に優れる。さらに多孔質膜20が表面に露出しているため、外部材(特にスペーサー)50などを取り付けるときに接着剤が多孔質膜20内に進入してアンカー効果を発揮し、接合強度を高めることができる。しかも一対の多孔質膜20の間に透湿樹脂層30を挟み込む場合には、特許文献2の場合と異なり、ピンホールを生じることなく透湿樹脂層30を薄くできる。透湿樹脂層30を薄くすること、ガスバリア性と透湿性を高いレベルで両立できる。
通気性補強材40は、例えば、熱融着などによって多孔質膜20に接着している。
以下、各膜や層についてより詳細に説明する。
透湿樹脂層30の平均厚さは、5μm以下、好ましくは3μm以下、さらに好ましくは2μm以下である。平均厚さを薄くすることで、ガスバリア性−通気性のバランスを向上できる。平均厚さは、ピンホールが発生しない限り薄いほど好ましいが、その下限は、例えば、0.1μm以上(特に0.2μm以上)である。
平均厚さt=面積A/長さL
膨潤度=耐水性試験後の樹脂の体積/耐水性試験前の樹脂の体積
なお薄い多孔質膜37としては、透湿樹脂層35の平均厚さを維持できる範囲で、後述する多孔質膜20と同様のものが使用できる。
上述した様に、本発明では、一対の多孔質膜20で透湿樹脂層30を挟み込むことによって、透湿樹脂層30を薄く均一にしている。多孔質膜20の表面の凹凸(孔径)は、不織布の繊維径に比べて遙かに小さく、透湿樹脂液の液溜まりを防止でいる。そのため透湿樹脂層を薄く均一に形成できる。
d=4γIPAcosθ1/PB
(式中、dは最大孔径、γIPAはイソプロパノールの表面張力、θ1はイソプロパノールと多孔質膜20の接触角(但し、多孔質膜20がIPAで濡れている場合は、cosθ1=1)、PBはバブルポイント値を示す)
空孔率(%)=[1−(D/Dstandard)]×100
通気性補強材40は、通常、繊維状の樹脂で形成されている。繊維状の樹脂を使用することによって、通気性と強度とを兼ね備えた補強材40を簡便に製造できる。繊維状樹脂によって形成される通気性補強材40は、織布、編布、不織布(例えば、サーマルボンド方式、スパンボンド方式などの製法によって形成された不織布など) 、ネットのいずれであってもよい。特に好ましい通気性補強材40は、不織布である。
本発明の複合膜10は、ガスバリア性が高く、透湿度も高い。そのためガスや液体に含まれる水を選択的に透過させるための分離膜(水分量調整モジュール用分離膜)として有利に使用でき、例えば、除湿膜、加湿膜、ベーパレーション膜[例えば水と他の液体(エタノールなどのアルコールなど)を分離するための膜]などとして使用できる。
調製例1(透湿樹脂液A)
下記成分1)〜4)を下記濃度で含有する水溶液を調製した。
1)ポリビニルアルコール
(株式会社クラレ製「PVA217(商品名)」):3質量%
2)リン酸系難燃剤としての芳香族リン酸エステル系難燃剤
(日華化学株式会社製「HF−77(商品名)」):3質量%
3)リン酸グアニジン系難燃剤
(日華化学株式会社製「P207−S(商品名)」):10質量%
4)架橋剤としてのブロックドイソシアネート
(明成化学工業株式会社製「メルカネートMMF(商品名)」):3.5質量%
下記成分1)〜2)の混合物を調製した。ただし、ポリウレタン樹脂のNCO基とエチレングリコールのOH基の割合(前者/後者)は1.2/1(モル比)である。
1)ポリウレタン樹脂(ダウケミカル株式会社製「ハイポール2000(商品名)」)
2)エチレングリコール
前記透湿樹脂の耐水性を以下のようにして評価した。
ガラス板に前記透湿樹脂液を塗布し、樹脂に応じた適性条件下で処理して成膜した。透湿樹脂液Aの場合は、透湿樹脂液Aを塗布(塗布量:100g/m2)し、温度180℃で1分間加熱した。透湿樹脂液Bの場合は、透湿樹脂液Bを塗布(塗布量:100g/m2)し、温度100℃で5分間乾燥した後、温度100℃、相対湿度80%RHで60分間湿熱処理した。
膨潤度=耐水性試験後の樹脂の体積/耐水性試験前の樹脂の体積
結果は以下の通りであった。
透湿樹脂液A:膨潤度=8倍
透湿樹脂液B:膨潤度の測定不能。水の中に透湿樹脂の大半が溶出し、膜形状が保てなかった。
ePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)の片面に透湿樹脂液Aを塗布(塗布量:100g/m2)し、この塗布面にePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)を積層した後、温度150℃で3分間加熱することによって複合膜を得た。
ePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)の片面からフッ素系イオン交換樹脂(旭硝子株式会社製「フレミオン(商品名)」、固形分17% エタノール溶媒)を含浸させ、乾燥することによって図8(a)に示す補強透湿樹脂層35を形成した。この補強透湿樹脂層を、2枚のePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)で両側から挟み、500kPaの荷重をかけつつ温度160℃で3分加熱して複合膜を得た。
実施例2で得られた不織布付複合膜の室温通気性(王研式ガーレーナンバー測定器使用)と室温透湿性(JIS L1099 A−1法)を調べた。通気度(ガーレー数)は99,999秒以上であり、透湿度は120g/m2/hであった。
ePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)の片面に、ポリエステル繊維(ユニチカファイバー株式会社製「メルティ(商品名)」、物性は前記と同じ)を用いたサーマルボンド不織布(シンワ株式会社製「9820F(商品名)」)を熱融着した。不織布側から透湿樹脂液Aを塗布(塗布量:230g/m2)し、温度150℃で3分間加熱し、複合膜を得た。
ePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)の片面に透湿樹脂液Aを塗布(塗布量:100g/m2)し、温度180℃で1分間乾燥した。ポリエステル繊維(ユニチカファイバー株式会社製「メルティ(商品名)」、物性は前記と同じ)を用いたサーマルボンド不織布(シンワ株式会社製「9820F(商品名)」)をePTFE膜の露出面に熱融着し、複合膜を得た。
ePTFE膜(ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社製、平均厚さ20μm、平均孔径0.2μm、最大孔径0.4μm、空孔率85%)の片面に透湿樹脂液Bを塗布(塗布量:100g/m2)し、温度100℃で5分間乾燥した後、温度100℃、相対湿度80%RHで60分間湿熱処理することによって複合膜を得た。
また参考例1の複合膜の高温多湿下透湿性を実施例1と同様にして調べた。透湿度は198,920g/m2/24hrで実施例1よりも低下した。
20 多孔質膜
30 透湿樹脂層
40 通気性補強材
Claims (12)
- 一対の多孔質膜の間に透湿樹脂層が挟み込まれており、この透湿樹脂層の平均厚さが5μm以下である複合膜。
- 前記透湿樹脂が耐水性透湿樹脂である請求項1に記載の複合膜。
- 前記耐水性透湿樹脂は、以下の耐水性試験前後の樹脂の体積変化から求まる膨潤度が20倍以下を満足するものである請求項2に記載の複合膜。
膨潤度=耐水性試験後の樹脂の体積/耐水性試験前の樹脂の体積
耐水性試験:温度120℃、水蒸気圧0.23MPaの環境下に24時間放置し、次いで温度25℃の水に15分間浸漬する - 前記耐水性透湿樹脂がポリビニルアルコールの架橋体である請求項2又は3に記載の複合膜。
- 前記耐水性透湿樹脂がフッ素系イオン交換樹脂である請求項2又は3に記載の複合膜。
- 前記透湿樹脂の少なくとも一部が前記多孔質膜内に入り込んでいる請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の複合膜。
- 前記多孔質膜の平均孔径が0.05μm以上、最大孔径が15μm以下である請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の複合膜。
- 前記多孔質膜の空孔率が40%以上である請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の複合膜。
- 前記多孔質膜の平均厚さが1〜200μmである請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の複合膜。
- 前記多孔質膜が延伸多孔質ポリテトラフルオロエチレン膜である請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の複合膜。
- 少なくとも片方の多孔質膜に通気性補強材が積層されている請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の複合膜。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の複合膜が間隔をあけながら積み重ねられている水分量調整モジュール。
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US12/239,037 US20090324929A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-09-26 | Composite Membrane and Moisture Adjustment Module Using Same |
CN200980124878.3A CN102076401B (zh) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | 复合膜和使用该复合膜的湿度调节模块 |
KR1020117001741A KR101701521B1 (ko) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | 복합체 막 및 이를 사용한 수분 조절 모듈 |
PCT/US2009/003832 WO2009158030A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Composite membrane and moisture adjustment module using the same |
CA2728518A CA2728518A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Composite membrane and moisture adjustment module using same |
EP09770568.5A EP2323753B8 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Moisture adjustment module using composite membrane |
JP2011516321A JP2011525857A (ja) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | 複合膜及びそれを用いた水分量調整モジュール |
US14/663,645 US9853305B2 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2015-03-20 | Composite membrane and moisture adjustment module using same |
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Cited By (9)
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JP2011163651A (ja) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 全熱交換素子および全熱交換器 |
JP2011525857A (ja) * | 2008-06-25 | 2011-09-29 | ゴア エンタープライズ ホールディングス,インコーポレイティド | 複合膜及びそれを用いた水分量調整モジュール |
WO2012014900A1 (ja) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-02 | 株式会社ルネッサンス・エナジー・リサーチ | スチーム選択透過膜、及びこれを用いてスチームを混合ガスから分離する方法 |
WO2012133805A1 (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-04 | 日本ゴア株式会社 | 複合膜 |
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JP2018043244A (ja) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-22 | 日東電工株式会社 | 透湿性濾材 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2728518A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
CN102076401B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
EP2323753A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
JP2011525857A (ja) | 2011-09-29 |
KR20110036068A (ko) | 2011-04-06 |
US20150311546A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
JP5156504B2 (ja) | 2013-03-06 |
WO2009158030A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
EP2323753B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
US9853305B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
US20090324929A1 (en) | 2009-12-31 |
CN102076401A (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
KR101701521B1 (ko) | 2017-02-01 |
EP2323753B8 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
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