JP2009132619A - 板ガラスの製造に用いられる牽引ロール - Google Patents
板ガラスの製造に用いられる牽引ロール Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009132619A JP2009132619A JP2009073385A JP2009073385A JP2009132619A JP 2009132619 A JP2009132619 A JP 2009132619A JP 2009073385 A JP2009073385 A JP 2009073385A JP 2009073385 A JP2009073385 A JP 2009073385A JP 2009132619 A JP2009132619 A JP 2009132619A
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- glass ribbon
- disk
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007500 overflow downdraw method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/02—Skids or tracks for heavy objects
- F27D3/026—Skids or tracks for heavy objects transport or conveyor rolls for furnaces; roller rails
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
- C03B13/16—Construction of the glass rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
- C03B17/06—Forming glass sheets
- C03B17/068—Means for providing the drawing force, e.g. traction or draw rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B35/00—Transporting of glass products during their manufacture, e.g. hot glass lenses, prisms
- C03B35/14—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands
- C03B35/16—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands by roller conveyors
- C03B35/18—Construction of the conveyor rollers ; Materials, coatings or coverings thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B35/00—Transporting of glass products during their manufacture, e.g. hot glass lenses, prisms
- C03B35/14—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands
- C03B35/16—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands by roller conveyors
- C03B35/18—Construction of the conveyor rollers ; Materials, coatings or coverings thereof
- C03B35/185—Construction of the conveyor rollers ; Materials, coatings or coverings thereof having a discontinuous surface for contacting the sheets or ribbons other than cloth or fabric, e.g. having protrusions or depressions, spirally wound cable, projecting discs or tires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B35/00—Transporting of glass products during their manufacture, e.g. hot glass lenses, prisms
- C03B35/14—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands
- C03B35/16—Transporting hot glass sheets or ribbons, e.g. by heat-resistant conveyor belts or bands by roller conveyors
- C03B35/18—Construction of the conveyor rollers ; Materials, coatings or coverings thereof
- C03B35/189—Disc rollers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0067—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising conveyors where the translation is communicated by friction from at least one rotating element, e.g. two opposed rotations combined
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49544—Roller making
- Y10T29/49547—Assembling preformed components
- Y10T29/49549—Work contacting surface element assembled to core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49544—Roller making
- Y10T29/49547—Assembling preformed components
- Y10T29/49549—Work contacting surface element assembled to core
- Y10T29/49554—Work contacting surface having annular axial sections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49544—Roller making
- Y10T29/49547—Assembling preformed components
- Y10T29/49556—Work contacting surface element assembled to end support members
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】牽引ロールは、シャフトと、このシャフト上に面同士を接して取り付けられた複数の耐熱性ディスクと、シャフトに取り付けられてディスクに対して軸線方向の圧縮力を印加する一対の取付け具とを備えている。軸線方向の圧縮力の大きさは、ロールの使用時にガラスリボンに接触するロール表面の部分が、室温において30と55との間のショアD硬度を有するように調節される。ロールは、ガラスリボンに対し余分な力を与えたり、またはハイレベルの粒子汚染を発生させることなく長期間の耐用日数を達成する。
【選択図】図5
Description
(a)シャフト(17)と、
(b)このシャフト上に面同士を接触させて取り付けられた複数の耐熱性ディスク(15)であって、耐火セラミック繊維(例えばガラス繊維)と、雲母と、耐熱性バインダ(例えば粘土)とを含み、共にロール表面(33)を形成する円形の外周縁を有し、このロール表面の1箇所または複数箇所の部分がロールの使用中に上記ガラスリボンに接触するようになっている複数の耐熱性ディスクと、
(c) 上記シャフトに取り付けられた一対の取付け具(例えば外側カラー(25)、または外側カラー(25)と内側カラー(31)の組合わせ)であって、上記複数の枚のディスクに加えられる軸線方向の圧縮力を発生させる距離だけシャフトに沿って互いに間隔をあけて設けられている一対の取付け具と、
を有し、上記複数のディスクが上記軸線方向の圧縮力を受けているときに、上記ガラスリボンに接触するようになっている上記ロール表面の1箇所または複数箇所の部分が、室温(例えば23℃)において30と55との間のショアD硬度を有することを特徴とするものである。
(a)シャフト(17)、2つの取付け具(例えば外側カラー(25)、または外側カラー(25)と内側カラー(31)との組合わせ)、および耐火セラミック繊維と、雲母と、耐熱性バインダとを含む複数の耐熱性ディスク(15)を提供する工程と、
(b)上記複数の耐熱性ディスクを上記シャフト上に組み付け、かつ上記ディスクを上記取付け具間に挟んで圧縮する工程と、
(c) 上記工程(b)において上記ディスクの圧縮に用いられる力の大きさを監視し、この力が所定の範囲外にある場合には、上記ディスクの数を調節する工程とを含み、
上記工程(c) における上記所定の範囲は、上記ロールの使用中に上記ガラスリボン(11)に接触する上記ロール表面(33)の1箇所以上の部分(27)が、室温において30と55との間のショアD硬度を有するように選択されることを特徴とする。実際に、最終的に上記シャフト上に組み付けられて、上記取付け具によって所定の位置に固定されるディスクの数は、製造されるガラスリボンのサイズに応じて、一般に200〜400枚の範囲であるが、本発明の実施においては、必要であれば、もっと多くの、またはもっと少ない数のディスクを用いることもできる。例えば、図6の実施の形態においては、より少ないディスクが一般に用いられる。
この比較実験は、牽引ロールのディスクを形成するのに用いられる種々の材料のみでなく、牽引ロールシャフト上にディスクを組み付けるのに用いられる圧縮力を比較したものである。下記の材料をテストした。(1)ZYALITE:ペンシルヴェニア州ビーヴァーフォールズ所在のヴェスヴィアス マクドナルド社が販売しているアルミノ珪酸塩繊維と非晶質シリカ、(2)ZYAROCK:ヴェスヴィアス マクドナルド社が販売している多孔性溶融シリカ、(3)約33000ポンド(約2250psi、約15750kPa)で圧縮されたNichias SD−115(高密度Nichias)、(4)11000ポンド〜14000ポンド(約750〜約950psi、約5250〜約6650kPa)で圧縮されたNichias SD−115(低密度Nichias)。上記(1)、(2)、(3)は比較例、そして(4)は本発明の実施例を構成する。
この比較実験は、牽引ロールの組立てにおいてディスクに加えられる圧縮力の調節の重要性を説明するものである。Nichias SD−115(商標)から作成された5種類のロールをテストした。これらロールは下記のような特性と耐用日数とを有していたが、表中で、「高圧でのディスク圧縮」は、約33000ポンド(約2250psi、15750kPa)での圧縮を意味し、「低圧でのディスク圧縮」は、11000ポンド〜14000ポンド(約750〜950psi、約5250〜6650kPa)での圧縮を意味する。ロール番号1から4は比較例、ロール番号5は本発明の実施例を構成する。
13 牽引ロール
15 ディスク
17 シャフト
19 支持面
21 係止リング
23 溝
25 外側カラー
27 ロール表面の、ガラスに係合する部分
29 ロール表面の、ガラスに係合しない部分
31 内側カラー
33 ロール表面
Claims (1)
- ガラスリボンを牽引するためのロールであって、
(a)第1および第2の端部を有するシャフトと、
(b)該シャフト上に面同士を接触させて取り付けられた、あらかじめ焼成された複数の耐熱性ディスクであって、耐火セラミック繊維と、雲母と、耐熱性バインダとを含み、共にロール表面を形成する円形の外周縁を有し、該ロール表面の1箇所または複数箇所の部分が前記ロールの使用中に前記ガラスリボンに接触するようになっている複数のディスクと、
(c) 前記シャフトに取り付けられた一対の取付け具であって、前記複数のディスクに加えられる軸線方向の圧縮力を発生させる距離だけ前記シャフトに沿って互いに間隔をあけて設けられている一対の取付け具と、
を有し、前記ディスクが前記軸線方向に750psiから950psi(5250kPаから6650kPа)の範囲の圧力を受けていることを特徴とするロール。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US36685802P | 2002-03-22 | 2002-03-22 | |
US60/366,858 | 2002-03-22 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2003580230A Division JP2005520774A (ja) | 2002-03-22 | 2003-03-10 | 板ガラスの製造に用いられる牽引ロール |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2009132619A true JP2009132619A (ja) | 2009-06-18 |
JP4972114B2 JP4972114B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
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JP2003580230A Pending JP2005520774A (ja) | 2002-03-22 | 2003-03-10 | 板ガラスの製造に用いられる牽引ロール |
JP2009073385A Expired - Lifetime JP4972114B2 (ja) | 2002-03-22 | 2009-03-25 | 板ガラスの製造に用いられる牽引ロール |
Family Applications Before (1)
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JP2003580230A Pending JP2005520774A (ja) | 2002-03-22 | 2003-03-10 | 板ガラスの製造に用いられる牽引ロール |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6896646B2 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2005520774A (ja) |
KR (3) | KR101172245B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN100506728C (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI268912B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003082755A1 (ja) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011081707A (ja) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | サプライチェーンマネジメント評価装置 |
JP2013531607A (ja) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-08-08 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 板ガラス作製用牽引ローラと、これを作製および使用する方法 |
KR20140031860A (ko) | 2011-03-31 | 2014-03-13 | 니찌아스 카부시키카이샤 | 디스크 롤 및 그 기본 재료 |
KR20140121386A (ko) | 2012-01-05 | 2014-10-15 | 니찌아스 카부시키카이샤 | 디스크 롤, 그 제조 방법 및 유리의 제조 방법 |
US9051200B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2015-06-09 | Nichias Corporation | Disk roll and base material thereof |
US9162916B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2015-10-20 | Nichias Corporation | Disk roll and base material thereof |
USRE46010E1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2016-05-24 | Corning Incorporated | Method for producing pulling rods for use in manufacturing sheet glass |
US9637413B2 (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2017-05-02 | Nichias Corporation | Disk roll and substrate therefor |
KR20190032482A (ko) | 2016-08-25 | 2019-03-27 | 니찌아스 카부시키카이샤 | 디스크롤용 기재 및 그 제조방법 그리고 디스크롤 및 그 제조방법 |
Families Citing this family (66)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4107642B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-11 | 2008-06-25 | ニチアス株式会社 | ディスクロール |
US20040192526A1 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-30 | Masaaki Nakayama | Disc roll, method for producing the same, and disc member base material |
US8636633B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2014-01-28 | Nichias Corporation | Disc roll |
US6730008B1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-05-04 | Shih Wen Liang | Differential shaft for a strip-producing machine |
US20070042883A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2007-02-22 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Non-dusting roll for tft glass |
US20050160767A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-07-28 | Robert Novak | Horizontal sheet movement control in drawn glass fabrication |
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KR20140031860A (ko) | 2011-03-31 | 2014-03-13 | 니찌아스 카부시키카이샤 | 디스크 롤 및 그 기본 재료 |
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US10793465B2 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2020-10-06 | Nichias Corporation | Base material for disk roll, production method thereof, disk roll and production method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100506728C (zh) | 2009-07-01 |
US6896646B2 (en) | 2005-05-24 |
CN101560048A (zh) | 2009-10-21 |
TWI268912B (en) | 2006-12-21 |
JP4972114B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
US20030181302A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
KR101172245B1 (ko) | 2012-08-07 |
JP2005520774A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
KR20120039071A (ko) | 2012-04-24 |
KR101167830B1 (ko) | 2012-07-26 |
CN1649800A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
CN101560048B (zh) | 2011-06-01 |
US7284328B2 (en) | 2007-10-23 |
KR20110007239A (ko) | 2011-01-21 |
KR20040102050A (ko) | 2004-12-03 |
WO2003082755A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
US20050212158A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
USRE46010E1 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
TW200404749A (en) | 2004-04-01 |
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