JP2008536699A - マイクロ加工のための犠牲層における調節可能な溶解度 - Google Patents
マイクロ加工のための犠牲層における調節可能な溶解度 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00222—Integrating an electronic processing unit with a micromechanical structure
- B81C1/00246—Monolithic integration, i.e. micromechanical structure and electronic processing unit are integrated on the same substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/01—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C2201/0101—Shaping material; Structuring the bulk substrate or layers on the substrate; Film patterning
- B81C2201/0102—Surface micromachining
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- B81C2201/0108—Sacrificial polymer, ashing of organics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2203/00—Forming microstructural systems
- B81C2203/07—Integrating an electronic processing unit with a micromechanical structure
- B81C2203/0707—Monolithic integration, i.e. the electronic processing unit is formed on or in the same substrate as the micromechanical structure
- B81C2203/0735—Post-CMOS, i.e. forming the micromechanical structure after the CMOS circuit
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
現在、マイクロ機械加工などのマイクロ製造プロセスに主に使用される犠牲層は、ほぼ独占的に無機材料であり、もっとも一般的に用いられているのは、シリカ、すなわち、二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)である。フッ化水素酸(HF)水溶液は、他の材料の中で、ケイ素および窒化ケイ素の存在下で選択的にSiO2を腐食する。この酸は、熱的に成長したSiO2より速くリンケイ酸ガラス(PSG)も腐食し、ケイ素または窒化ケイ素の微細構造にごくわずかの損傷を与えるだけで、最大2000μmの大きさまでPSGをアンダーエッチングできる。HFはまた、金属酸化物および有機重合体を含めて、他の多くの材料を腐食する。例えば、チタンおよびアルミニウムなどのいずれかの非ケイ素系の素材が、HF腐食により除去される犠牲層として使用され得るが、酸化物を超えたこの腐食の低い選択性が、比較的脆弱なマイクロ電子材料の広い範囲にわたる実用性を制限している。さらに、HFの毒性が、未経験のユーザーにとって不便および/または有害となり、廃棄の条件が厳しくなる。アルミニウム用HFフリーの腐食液は、入手可能であり、酸と酸化物質、例えば、濃リン酸、濃硝酸、過酸化水素および酢酸などの混合物に基づくが、これらもまた、いくつかの脆弱な材料と適合しない。酸ベースの犠牲材料を除いて、多孔質ケイ素は、マイクロシステムの製造において犠牲材料として使用され得ることが示されている。これは、KOHなどのアルカリ性環境での最終的な溶解により除去され得る。
本発明は、犠牲層が選択された対応する物理的構造体を作製するために使用される、表面マイクロ機械加工、バルクマイクロ機械加工および他のマイクロ製造プロセス用の犠牲層としての水溶性重合体を提供する。水溶性PAAおよびデキストランは、犠牲層の背景で最も有用な性質の組み合わせを示すことが実験的に見出されたので、本発明によると、好ましい犠牲材料である。これらの犠牲層の調製は、迅速かつ簡易であり、それらの溶解は、水中またはNaCl水溶液中などの穏やかな環境で実行され得る。これらの犠牲材料は、マイクロ機械加工および他のマイクロ電子用途用のHFベースの化学の代用物を提供し、選択的な犠牲材料の腐食を必要とする製造シーケンスのための有機重合体、容易に酸化される金属、ITOおよび他の金属酸化物の使用を可能にする。
本発明によると、マイクロ加工または他のマイクロ製造プロセスにおいて、水溶性重合体が犠牲層として使用される。本明細書でいう用語「犠牲」とは、多様な材料が機械的な構造を製造するためにプロセスされる製造ステップのシーケンスで機械的なプレースホルダーとして使用される材料層を意味する。機械的構造とは、一度、所定の構造上の特徴が形成されると、他の材料がその位置に維持されている間に犠牲層が除去され、よって、所望する機械的構造を製造することができる。犠牲層は、例えば、基板に保留された構造だけでなく、例えば、可動要素および製造シーケンス最後の最終幾何学構造で開放される他の3次元の特徴を含む機械的構造を製造するための重要な製造ツールである。
Claims (28)
- マイクロ製造プロセスまたは他の小規模の製造プロセスの方法であって、
重合体を含む犠牲材料を基板に形成するステップであって、前記重合体は、前記製造プロセスで使用される、少なくとも1つの溶媒に対するある溶解度を持つステップと、
前記溶媒に対する前記重合体の前記溶解度を変更するために前記重合体を処理するステップと、
犠牲材料として前記重合体を使用して、製造プロセスを実行するステップと、
少なくとも部分的に前記重合体を前記溶媒に溶解することにより、前記重合体を除去するステップと、を含む方法。 - 最初に前記溶媒に対する前記重合体の前記溶解度を変更するために前記重合体を処理し、次に前記重合体をレジストとして使用するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 最初に前記重合体をレジストとして使用し、次に前記溶媒に対する前記重合体の前記溶解度を変更するために前記重合体を処理するステップとを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒は、水溶液である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体は、ポリ(アクリル酸)、デキストラン、ポリ(メタクリル酸)、ポリ(アクリルアミド)、ポリ(エチレンイミン)、ポリ(ビニルアルコール)、ポリ(エチレンオキシド)、キトサンまたはスクロースである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体は、ポリ(アクリル酸)、デキストランまたはポリ(メタクリル酸)である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体は、ポリ(アクリル酸)である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は、接着層をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記接着層は、ポリ(アクリル酸)を含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記処置するステップは、二価のイオンを用いて処理するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記二価のイオンは、Ca2+またはCu2+である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記二価のイオンは、Ca2+である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- マイクロ製造プロセスまたは他の小規模の製造プロセスの方法であって、
水溶液に可溶性である重合体を含む犠牲材料を基板に形成するステップと、
前記重合体が水溶液に実質的に不溶性になるように、二価のイオンで前記犠牲材料を処理するステップと、
前記重合体が水溶液に可溶となるように、前記犠牲材料から二価のイオンを除去するステップと、
前記犠牲材料を除去するステップと、を含む方法。 - 前記重合体が水溶液に実質的に不溶性の間に、水溶液中で製造プロセスを実行するステップをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体は、ポリ(アクリル酸)、デキストラン、ポリ(メタクリル酸)、ポリ(アクリルアミド)、ポリ(エチレンイミン)、ポリ(ビニルアルコール)、ポリ(エチレンオキシド)、キトサンまたはスクロースである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体は、ポリ(アクリル酸)、デキストランまたはポリ(メタクリル酸)である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体は、ポリ(アクリル酸)である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記基板に接着層を形成するステップをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記接着層は、ポリ(アクリル酸)を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記処理するステップは、二価のイオンを用いて処理するステップを含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記二価のイオンは、Ca2+またはCu2+である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記二価のイオンは、Ca2+である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- マイクロ製造プロセスまたは他の小規模の製造プロセスの方法であって、
ポリ(アクリル酸)を含む前記犠牲材料を基板に形成するステップであって、前記ポリ(アクリル酸)が一価のイオンと会合しており、前記犠牲材料が水溶液に可溶性である、ステップと、
前記ポリ(アクリル酸)が二価のイオンと会合し、犠牲材料が水溶液に実質的に不溶性になるように、前記二価のイオンで前記犠牲材料を処理するステップと、
犠牲材料として前記ポリ(アクリル酸)を使用して製造プロセスを実行するステップと、
前記犠牲材料が水溶液に可溶となるように、前記ポリ(アクリル酸)から二価のイオンを除去するステップと
前記犠牲材料を除去するステップと、を含む方法。 - 前記一価のイオンは、Na+である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記二価のイオンは、Ca2+またはCu2+である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記二価のイオンは、Ca2+である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒は、水溶液であって、前記方法は、
前記重合体を第一のイオン交換反応に供することにより、前記溶媒に対する前記重合体の溶解度を下げるために、前記重合体を処理するステップと、
前記重合体を犠牲材料として使用して、前記製造プロセスを実行するステップと、
製造後、前記重合体を第二のイオン交換反応に供することにより、前記溶媒に対する前記重合体の溶解度を上げるために、前記重合体を処理するステップと、
少なくとも部分的に前記重合体を前記溶媒に溶解することにより、前記重合体を除去するステップと、を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記第一のイオン交換反応は、前記重合体内の少なくともある一価のイオンを二価のイオンで置き換えることを含み、前記第二のイオン交換反応は、前記重合体内の少なくともある二価のイオンを一価のイオンで置き換えることを含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1877863A2 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
US8357616B2 (en) | 2013-01-22 |
KR20070120605A (ko) | 2007-12-24 |
US20090236310A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
WO2006113492A3 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
CN101176040A (zh) | 2008-05-07 |
WO2006113492A2 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
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