JP2008503269A - 解剖学的欠損の治療のためのエネルギー装置 - Google Patents
解剖学的欠損の治療のためのエネルギー装置 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
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- A61B17/0057—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
- A61B2017/00575—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、全体として、医療装置および方法に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、卵円孔開存症(PFO)、心房中隔欠損症(ASD)、心室中隔欠損症(VSD)、動脈管開存症(PDA)、左心耳(LAA)、血管壁欠損および特定の電気生理学的な異常のようなヒト組織の解剖学的欠損の治療のための、エネルギーを用いる装置および方法に関する。
本発明は、全体として、卵円孔開存(PFO)、心房中隔欠損、心室中隔欠損、動脈管開存、左心耳、および血管壁欠損のようなヒト組織の解剖学的欠損を治療する装置および方法を提供する。本発明の一局面では、心臓内の解剖学的欠損を治療する装置は、近位端および遠位端を有する細長いカテーテル本体と、解剖学的欠損の部位の組織に係合するための、カテーテル本体の遠位端から延びるハウジングと、ハウジングの遠位端に隣接するエネルギー伝達部材とを含む。エネルギー伝達部材は、少なくとも1つの実質的に平坦な表面を有し、ハウジングは、組織に真空を適用して組織同士を接合させ、それらをエネルギー伝達部材に当てて配置するように構成されている。種々の実施形態において、解剖学的欠損は、限定するものではないが、上に列挙したもののような、いずれかの適した組織欠損であってよい。以下の説明はPFO治療にしばしば焦点を当てることになるが、種々の実施形態を、任意の他の適した組織欠損を治療するために用いることができる。
本発明の装置および方法は、全体として、エネルギーの印加による、卵円孔開存(PFO)、心房中隔欠損、心室中隔欠損、左心耳(LAA)、動脈管開存、血管壁欠損および/または同種のもののようなヒト組織の解剖学的欠損の治療を提供する。さらに、心房性細動、上室性頻拍症(SVT)、心房粗動、AV結節リエントリ、およびWPW症候群のような電気生理学的な異常も、本発明の種々の実施形態を用いて治療することができる。従って、以下の説明および参照される図面は、主としてPFO治療に焦点を当てているが、限定するものではないが直前に列挙したもののような任意の他の適した組織欠損を、種々の実施形態で治療することができる。
ここで図1Aを参照すると、一実施形態では、一実施形態により解剖学的組織欠損を治療するためのカテーテル装置10は、細長いカテーテルシャフト12を含んでおり、細長いカテーテルシャフト12は、近位端12bおよび遠位端12aと、シャフト12の少なくとも一部分を覆って配置されたシース14(または「スリーブ」)と、シース14の近位端と連結されたハンドル24と、カテーテルシャフトの遠位端12aと連結された折り畳み式ハウジング16とを有する。ハウジング16と連結されているのは、組織に接触するための遠位可撓性脚部20、高周波(RF)エネルギーを組織に伝達するための電極19(または別の実施形態では他の適切なエネルギー伝達部材)、電極19をハウジング16と連結しかつハウジングを16を支持するための取り付け部材17(または「ストラット」、および取り付け部材17をハウジング16ならびに/またはカテーテル本体の遠位端12aと連結するためおよび装置10の視覚化を容易にするための放射線不透過性マーカ18である。ガイドワイヤ22が、近位端から遠位端を通ってカテーテル10を貫通している。図示の実施形態では、カテーテル本体の近位端12bは、電気的結合用アーム26と、ガイドワイヤ用管腔(図示せず)と連通するガイドワイヤポート32と、ガイドワイヤ用管腔と流体連通する輸液アーム34と、吸引ポート27、流体点滴ポート28、および吸引を開始および停止するためのバルブスイッチ30を含む吸引アーム29とを含む。流体点滴ポート28は、吸引が停止されている間に吸引用管腔内に流体を通して該管腔を洗浄することを可能にする。フラッシュポート36がシース14と連結され、ハンドル24の開口部37を通って延びている。フラッシュポート36は、シース14とカテーテル本体12との間に流体を導入してその領域を洗い流すのを可能にし、またシース14へのその接続および開口部37貫通により、カテーテル本体12に対するシース14の回転が防止される。
使用時、カテーテル装置410は通常、ガイドワイヤ420に沿って治療部位まで進められる。次いで、分離部422および任意選択的に遠位先端423を用いて、欠損部に隣接する組織を並置するのを支援する。ガイドワイヤ420を引き込む前、その間またはその後に、エネルギー伝達部432が組織並置部材412内に引き込まれる。次いで、組織並置部材412を用いて欠損部の組織同士が接合され、エネルギー伝達部432を用いて組織にエネルギーが伝達される。いくつかの実施形態では、組織並置部材412は、組織に真空エネルギーを印加して組織を少なくとも部分的に組織並置部材412内に吸引し、それによってエネルギー伝達部432との組織の接触性を高めている。エネルギー伝達部432は、例えば電極のメッシュ材料から構成することができ、一方、組織並置部材412は、弾性コーティングを施されたメッシュまたは他の材料から構成することができる。この場合もまた、他の実施形態を参照して上に説明したどの特徴も、図5Aおよび図5Bに示す実施形態に適用することができる。
通常、本発明の装置は、1つ以上のエネルギー伝達部材(ETM)を用いて、エネルギーを組織に印加する。そのようなETMは一般的に、RF電極のような電極として、例えば電極214、313、314、1213、1313として記載されている。しかしながら、種々の実施形態において、ETMは、いくつかの装置のうちのいずれを備えてもよく、任意の適切な種類のエネルギーを伝達して解剖学的欠損を閉鎖することができる。用いることができるいくつかの種類のエネルギーには、例えば、高周波エネルギー、極低温エネルギー、抵抗熱エネルギー、超音波エネルギー、マイクロ波エネルギーおよびレーザエネルギーが含まれる。高周波ETMは、単極性または双極性とすることができ、単極性カテーテル装置は、接地部材も含む。エネルギー伝達部材は、任意の適切な形状を有することができる。例えば、それらは、図3に示すように、欠損部の曲率半径に近づくために湾曲形状を有していてもよく、欠損部組織をスポット溶接するための点として構成しても、欠損部組織の周囲を溶接するための円形部材として構成しても、組織並置部材もしくは同種のもののオリフィス内に配置された1つ以上のメッシュ部材もしくは編組部材として構成してもよい。さらに、ETMは、図2D〜図2G”に示す電極のような平坦電極の形状を取ってもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、ETMは組織並置部材212と固定連結されており、一方で他の実施形態では、ETMは例えば欠損部の周辺に沿って移動して複数の位置で欠損部組織を溶接するために、組織並置部材内で移動可能である。
図8A〜図8Cは、本発明の一実施形態によるPFOを治療する方法を示している。これは1つの可能な実施形態に過ぎず、多くの別の方法が企図されることを強調したい。添付の特許請求の範囲によって定義される本発明の範囲を逸脱することなく、例えば、ステップを修正、反復、追加または本方法から削除することができ、ステップの順序を変更することができ、かつ/またはそれらに類似することができる。従って、上記の説明は、多少なりとも本発明の範囲を限定するものと解釈すべきではない。
上に述べたように、またここで図10を参照すると、一実施形態では、解剖学的組織欠損を治療するためのカテーテル装置40の遠位端は、ハウジング46と、ハウジング46と連結された電極51と、電極51をハウジング46に取り付けかつ支持を行うための複数のストラット47(または「取り付け部材」)と、ストラット47をハウジング46に取り付けかつ視覚化を促進するための放射線不透過性マーカ48と、シース42であって、それに通してハウジング46および電極51が手技を行う部位へ送達されるシース42とを含む。以下にさらに説明するように、ハウジング46および電極51は一般に、シース42内に嵌合しかつそれを貫通することができるように、折り畳み式となっている。ハウジング46と電極51の両方に、折り畳み性をもたらすためのいくつかの異なる特徴のいずれかを付与することができる。例えば、弾性材料を用いることができ、ハウジング46および電極51のいくつかの部分は、他の部分よりも構造上弱くすることができ、その弱い部分部分に沿って、折り重ねやすくまたは折り畳みやすくすることができる等である。
Claims (70)
- 心臓における解剖学的欠損を治療するための装置であって、前記装置は、
近位端および遠位端を有する細長いカテーテルと、
前記解剖学的欠損の部位の組織に係合しかつ前記組織に真空を適用して前記組織同士を接合させるための、前記遠位端と連結された真空適用部材と、
前記解剖学的欠損の前記部位の組織にエネルギーを印加して前記解剖学的欠損を急激に実質的に閉鎖するための、前記真空適用部材と連結された少なくとも1つのエネルギー伝達部材と、
を備える装置。 - 前記細長いカテーテルは、前記近位端から前記遠位端に向かって先細になっている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記細長いカテーテルは、前記カテーテルのプッシャビリティを高めるための強化された近位部を備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記カテーテルの遠位部は、前記解剖学的欠損上での前記真空適用部材の位置決めが容易になるように構成された湾曲部を有する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記真空適用部材は、前記解剖学的欠損上での前記真空適用部材の位置決めが容易になるように構成された湾曲部を有する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記真空適用部材は、前記細長いカテーテルの前記遠位端と連結されたハウジングを備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、非対称に前記遠位端と連結されている、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、PET、ポリエステル類、ポリプロピレン類、PTFE、ePTFE、PEEK、ナイロン、ポリウレタン類、ポリエチレン類、シリコーン類、ウレタン類および金属類からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの材料から形成されている、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、前記組織に真空が適用される際に前記ハウジングがつぶれないようにするための少なくとも1つのストラットを備える、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングおよび前記ストラットは、同一の材料から形成されている、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングおよび前記ストラットは、異なる材料から形成されている、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、真空力が適用される際に前記ハウジングがつぶれないようにするための一体型の畝を有する、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記畝は、前記ハウジングを前記細長いカテーテルの前記遠位端内に引き込む際に前記ハウジングを折り畳みやすくするために、谷によって隔てられている、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、少なくとも1つの放射線不透過性マーカまたは放射線不透過性材料を備える、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、その最遠位端に、前記組織に接触するための可撓性脚部を含む、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記円筒形脚部は、前記ハウジングの一方の側にある方が前記ハウジングの反対側にある方よりも大きい、請求項15に記載の装置。
- 前記一方の側にある前記脚部の高さは約3mmであり、前記反対側にある前記高さは約1mmである、請求項16に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのエネルギー伝達部材は、高周波エネルギー、極低温エネルギー、抵抗熱エネルギー、超音波エネルギー、マイクロ波エネルギーおよびレーザエネルギーのうちの少なくとも1つを伝達する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、実質的に平坦な表面電極を備える、請求項18に記載の装置。
- 前記平坦な表面電極は、メッシュ、格子、ワイヤ、およびパターン入り金属面のうちの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記実質的に平坦な表面電極は、前記電極を前記真空適用部材に取り付けるための、前記電極から外方へ延びる少なくとも1つの取り付け部材をさらに備える、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの取り付け部材は、複数の金属製プロングを備える、請求項21に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、ガイドワイヤが前記電極を貫通することができるように少なくとも1つのガイドワイヤ用開口部をさらに備える、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記ガイドワイヤ用開口部は、前記解剖学的欠損上での前記電極の位置決めが容易になるように、前記電極に沿ってオフセット状態で配置されている、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのガイドワイヤ用開口部は、前記解剖学的欠損上での前記電極の位置決めが容易になるよう2つのオフセットされたガイドワイヤ用開口部を備える、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 前記電極に取り付けられた熱電対をさらに備える、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、1つの部品として構成されている、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、可撓性でありかつ前記カテーテル装置内に引き込むことが可能である、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 真空力を蓄積するための、前記カテーテルの前記近位端と連結されかつ前記真空適用部材と流体連通する真空リザーバをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 流体リザーバから前記カテーテル内に導入される流体の流速を監視するための監視要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記カテーテルの前記遠位端から流体を送って前記組織に接触させるための、前記カテーテルを通って延びる流体導入用管腔をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記カテーテル本体の少なくとも一部分を覆って配置され、近位端および遠位端を有するシースをさらに備え、前記エネルギー伝達部材および前記ハウジングは、折り畳み式であり、前記シース内の折り畳み位置から前記シースの前記遠位端の外側に出た拡張位置まで前記シースに対して軸方向に移動可能である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記シースは、その近位端よりもその遠位端に近接した湾曲部を含む、請求項32に記載の装置。
- 前記カテーテル本体は、前記シースの近位端よりも前記カテーテル本体の遠位端に近接した湾曲部を含み、前記カテーテル本体の湾曲部および前記シースの湾曲部により、前記シースに対して前記カテーテル本体を移動させることによって使用者が前記エネルギー伝達部材ならびに前記ハウジングの配向角度を変更することが可能である、請求項33に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、前記組織に接触するための、張り出した前記遠位端から延びる可撓性の円筒形脚部をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングおよび前記可撓性脚部は、異なる材料からなる、請求項35に記載の装置。
- 前記可撓性脚部は、前記張り出した遠位端の直径よりも大きい直径を有するように、前記張り出した遠位端から側方に延びている、請求項36に記載の装置。
- 前記エネルギー伝達部材は、前記ハウジング内の複数の位置において前記組織にエネルギーを印加するために、前記ハウジング部材に対して移動可能である、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、円形、卵形、楕円形、矩形、三角形、五角形、六角形、八角形、三日月形および扇形からなる群から選択される形状を有する、請求項38に記載の装置。
- 前記エネルギー伝達部材は、円形、卵形、楕円形、矩形、三角形、五角形、六角形、八角形、三日月形および扇形からなる群から選択される形状を有する、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、外側表面の少なくとも一部分を覆う滑らかな被覆をさらに備える、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 前記カテーテル本体を通って延び、前記ハウジング内に配置された遠位開口部を有する洗浄チューブと、
前記カテーテル本体を通って延び、前記ハウジング内に配置された遠位開口部を有する真空チューブと、
をさらに備える、請求項6に記載の装置。 - 前記ハウジングの内側表面は、洗浄流体を前記洗浄チューブの遠位開口部から前記組織に向けその後前記真空チューブの遠位開口部に向けるためのチャネルを形成する複数の畝および谷を備える、請求項42に記載の装置。
- 前記内側表面は、流体を前記洗浄チューブの遠位開口部から前方および前記洗浄チューブの遠位開口部から遠ざかる方向に向けるのを支援するために、洗浄流体を遮断する表面特徴をさらに含む、請求項43に記載の装置。
- 前記洗浄チューブは、ガイドワイヤの貫通ができるようになっている、請求項42に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、前記真空適用部材に対して軸方向に移動可能である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、前記ハウジングに直接取り付けられている、請求項46に記載の装置。
- 前記実質的に平坦な表面電極は、円形、卵形、楕円形、矩形、三角形、五角形、六角形、八角形、三日月形および扇形からなる群から選択される形状を有する、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記平坦な表面電極は、
前記電極の外周の周りに少なくとも部分的に延びる外縁と、
前記外縁の内側に或るパターンに形成された複数の金属製ストラットと、
を備える、請求項19に記載の装置。 - 前記縁は不連続である、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記縁は、前記ストラットに向けられた1つ以上の内向き湾曲部を含み、前記内向き湾曲部は、前記電極の折り畳み性を促進するように構成されている、請求項50に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットのうちのいくつかは、前記外縁のみならず他のストラットにも取り付けられている、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットは、前記外縁のみに取り付けられ、互いに対しては取り付けられていない、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットのパターンは、前記電極のさまざまな領域からさまざまな量のエネルギーが前記組織に伝達されるように、ストラットがそれほど密には配置されていない別の領域と比べてストラットが密に配置された少なくとも1つの領域を含む、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットのパターンは、前記電極のさまざまな領域からさまざまな量のエネルギーが前記組織に伝達されるように、ストラットが細い別の領域と比べてストラットが太くなっている少なくとも1つの領域を含む、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットのパターンは、前記電極を折り畳めるように少なくとも1つの折り目を含み、それに沿って前記電極が折れ曲がる、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットは、前記ハウジングおよび電極がそれぞれの折り畳み形状をとる際に、前記ハウジングおよび電極の第1の半分が折れ曲がって前記ハウジングおよび電極の第2の半分に重なるように、非対称に前記外縁に取り付けられている、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記ストラットは、前記電極の折り畳み性を高めるために、8個から16個の付着点で前記外縁に取り付けられている、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記電極を前記ハウジングに取り付けるための、前記外縁から延びる複数の金属製取り付け部材をさらに備える、請求項49に記載の装置。
- 前記複数の取り付け部材は、
前記ハウジングの下部近傍に取り付けるための1つの下方取り付け部材と、
前記ハウジングの上部近傍に取り付けるための複数の上方取り付け部材と、
を備える、請求項49に記載の装置。 - 前記下方取り付け部材は、前記カテーテル本体の下部まで延び、前記上方取り付け部材は、前記カテーテル本体の上部まで延びている、請求項60に記載の装置。
- 前記電極は、ガイドワイヤが前記電極を貫通することができるように少なくとも1つのガイドワイヤ用開口部をさらに備える、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記ガイドワイヤ用開口部は、前記解剖学的欠損上での前記電極の位置決めが容易になるように、前記電極に沿ってオフセット状態で配置されている、請求項62に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのガイドワイヤ用開口部は、前記解剖学的欠損上での前記電極の位置決めが容易になるよう2つのオフセットされたガイドワイヤ用開口部を備える、請求項63に記載の装置。
- 前記電極に取り付けられた熱電対をさらに備える、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記平坦な表面電極は、前記真空適用部材の口部を覆って広がっている、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのエネルギー伝達部材は、前記真空適用部材の前記遠位端に隣接して配置された高周波エネルギー電極を備え、前記電極は、非対称的な組織との接触を促進するために、少なくとも2つの平坦な表面を有する、請求項19に記載の装置。
- 電極は、
第1の平坦な表面と、
湾曲部と、
第2の平坦な表面と、
を備える、請求項67に記載の装置。 - 前記第1および第2の平面は、互いに平行である、請求項67に記載の装置。
- 前記エネルギー伝達部材は、実質的に扁平な、伸張性の編組ワイヤを備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
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US10/873,348 US7293562B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2004-06-21 | Energy based devices and methods for treatment of anatomic tissue defects |
US10/873,348 | 2004-06-21 | ||
US10/952,492 US7367975B2 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2004-09-27 | Energy based devices and methods for treatment of anatomic tissue defects |
US10/952,492 | 2004-09-27 | ||
PCT/US2005/021484 WO2006009856A1 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2005-06-17 | Energy devices for treatment of anatomic defects |
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EP (1) | EP1773226B1 (ja) |
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US8282633B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2012-10-09 | Olympus Medical Systems Corp. | High-frequency surgical apparatus and high-frequency surgical method for closure of patent foramen ovale |
JP2014100566A (ja) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-06-05 | Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd | 流体排出を備える灌注式カテーテル |
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JP4980897B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
WO2006009856A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
EP1773226A4 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
AU2005265118B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
AU2005265118A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
EP1773226A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
US20060074410A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
US8133221B2 (en) | 2012-03-13 |
EP1773226B1 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
US7367975B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
US20070287999A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
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