JP2007522421A - ギア比連続可変型変速機構 - Google Patents
ギア比連続可変型変速機構 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
- F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
- F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/021—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings toothed gearing combined with continuous variable friction gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
- F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/021—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings toothed gearing combined with continuous variable friction gearing
- F16H2037/025—CVT's in which the ratio coverage is used more than once to produce the overall transmission ratio coverage, e.g. by shift to end of range, then change ratio in sub-transmission and shift CVT through range once again
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
- F16H2037/102—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
- F16H2037/104—Power split variators with one end of the CVT connected or connectable to two or more differentials
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
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Abstract
Description
(数1)
τ=a+b・r、但しrmin≦r≦rmax
又は
(数2)
τ=1/(a+b・r)、但しrmin≦r≦rmax
により与えられる。総ギア比τは機構全体の出力軸の角速度を同入力軸の角速度で除した値であり、変速機ギア比rはその最小値rminとその最大値rmaxの間で変化する。回転方向逆転不能型のコア変速機では、これら最小値rmin及び最大値rmaxは同一符号になる。そして、a及びbは定数であり、併用する固定ギア比(複数)の値、ディファレンシャル機構特性及び異種構成要素間連結形態によって変わる。
(数3)
λmax=(β−1)/β・rang/(rang−1)
が成り立ち、グループBの変速機を用いた場合は
(数4)
γmax=(β−1)/(β+1)
が成り立つ。λmax及びγmaxは、総ギア比τを変化させたときの総伝達パワーに対する変速機伝達パワーの最大比率、即ち変速機伝達パワーを機構全体での伝達パワーで除した値が総ギア比τに対して採り得る最大値である。また、βは機構全体としてのギア比の最大値を最小値で除した値が採り得る最大値、即ち機構全体としてのギア比の可変レンジ(総変速レンジ)の幅であり、rangは変速機ギア比rの可変レンジ(変速機変速レンジ)の幅rmax/rminである。
(数5)
ωo/ωi=τ=(a・r+b)/(c・r+d)
により表される。この式中、a,b、c及びdはディファレンシャル機構特性及び中間軸比に応じて設定した値である。これらの機構は使用ディファレンシャル機構個数が1の機構にはない長所を有する反面、中間軸を用いている分損失が多いという短所も有している。中間軸を廃止するには、既知の通り特許文献9に記載の手法を使用すればよい。図20にそのブロック構成を示す特許文献9記載の機構によれば、中間軸を廃止することができる。しかしながら、図20に示した機構には、入力軸からディファレンシャル機構を1個だけ経由して出力軸に向かうことができるのは一部のパワーに留まり、残りのパワーはディファレンシャル機構を2個経由しなければならないため、累積損失が発生するという短所がある。
(数6)
ωo/ωi=τ=(a・r+b)/(c・r+d)
により決まる。この式中、a,b,c及びdは次の表
(数7)
β=τmax/τmin
を用いて次の式
(数8)
R2n=R0・βn、S2n=S0・βn、R2n+1=R0・βn・τmax、S2n+1=S0・βn・τmin
により表すことができる。また、段の切替は4種類のギア比による連結が同時に形成されている状態で行われる。
(数9)
β’=βm
で与えられる値となる。この機構によれば、段の切替中もトルク伝達を確保でき、またコアVの変速レンジ幅βを抑えつつ機構全体の変速レンジ幅β’を所望通りに得ることができる。
(数10)
−τeq≦τ≦τeq
但し
(数11)
τeq=Tmaxeng/Tmaxmec
に該当する領域のことである。式中のτeqは低域と高域の境目を示すギア比、Tmaxengは機構入力軸に連結されている原動機から供給し得る最大トルク、Tmaxmecは機構出力軸に生じ得る最大トルクである。低域にて機構内を通るパワーは原動機定格パワーより低いパワーであり、低域と高域の境目に当たるギア比τeqでのパワー(これを100%とする)からギア比τ=0における0%まで直線的に減っていく。
(数12)
τ={(1−Dc)・R1i・r−(1−Dc)・Dd・R2i・R1i}/{(1−Dd)・r−Dc・(1−Dd)・R1i}
により表される値になり、図7に示した機構の場合次の式
(数13)
τ={(1−Dc)・R1i・r−(1−Dc)・Dd・R2i}/{(1−Dd)・r−Dc・(1−Dd)}
により表される値になる。図8に示した機構の場合は、図7に示した機構における入力軸iと出力軸oを入れ替えた機構であるため、図7に示した機構のそれと対称的な式により表される値になる。これらの式中、Dcは入力軸iを拘束した状態でディファレンシャル機構Dcが軸6・軸8間にもたらすギア比であり、Ddは出力軸oを拘束した状態でディファレンシャル機構Ddが軸9・軸7間にもたらすギア比である。以上の式から解るように、図3、図7及び図8の何れにおいても、変速機Vのギア比rが0であれば
(数14)
τ=(1−Dc)/(1−Dd)・R2i
となり、∞であれば
(数15)
τ=(1−Dc)/(1−Dd)・R1i
となる。
(数16)
R2={(1−Dd)・Dc}/{(1−Dc)・Dd}
により決まるR2及び次の式
(数17)
R1=(1−Dd)/(1−Dc)
により決まるR1に基づき
(数18)
R21=R2・τ1min、R11=R1・τ1max、R22=R2・τ2max、R12=R1・τ3max、R23=R2・τ4max、R13=R1・τ5max
の式に従い5通りのギア比を設定すればよい。とりわけDc=Dd従ってR1=R2=1の場合には、この式が
(数19)
R21=τ1min、R11=τ1max、R22=τ2max、R12=τ3max、R23=τ4max、R13=τ5max
となる。従って、この機構を用いれば、算術級数に従って一連の段が設定された多段システムでも、幾何級数に従って一連の段が設定された多段システムでも、或いはその他の級数に従って一連の段が設定された多段システムでも、実現することができる。算術級数による段設定が可能であるということは低域向けの最適ということであり、従って図示機構は低域機構に相応しいということである。但し、図示機構を高域機構として用いることもできるし、低域機構及び高域機構双方を図示機構とすることもできる。
(数20)
Ri+1={(Di−Di+1)/(1−Di+1)}・{(1−Di-1)/(D1−Di-1)}・Ri-1
に従い設定する必要がある。R1及びR2の値は自由に設定できるので、残りの値が都合のよい値になるようにR1及びR2を設定すること、即ち機構を構成する各軸の角速度が最適値になるようR1及びR2を設定することができる。上式を用いた結果あるギア比Riが負になったとしたら、それは、そのギア比Riで連結しているときは回転方向を逆転させねばならないということである。更に、この機構の総ギア比τは、次の式
(数21)
τ={D1・(1−Dj)・Rj・r−Dj・(1−Di)・Ri}/{(1−Dj)・Rj・r−(1−Di)・Ri}
で表せる値になる。この式中、Riは軸6と奇数番目のディファレンシャル機構の第3軸(機構入力軸iにも機構出力軸oにも連結されていない軸)との間のギア比、Rjは軸7と偶数番目のディファレンシャル機構の第3軸(機構入力軸iにも機構出力軸oにも連結されていない軸)との間のギア比、Diは奇数番目のディファレンシャル機構の第3軸(変速機Vに連結されている軸)を拘束した状態で当該ディファレンシャル機構の作用によって機構入力軸i・機構出力軸o間に発生するギア比、Djは偶数番目のディファレンシャル機構の第3軸(変速機Vに連結されている軸)を拘束した状態で当該ディファレンシャル機構の作用によって機構入力軸i・機構出力軸o間に発生するギア比である。
(数22)
[τ1min,τ1max],[τ1max,τ2max],[τ2max,τ3max]…
に従って設定したければ、次の式
(数23)
D1=τ1min,D2=τ1max,D3=τ2max,D4=τ3max…
を満たすように各ディファレンシャル機構の第3軸拘束時ギア比Diを設計すればよい。その第3軸拘束時ギア比Diが0になったディファレンシャル機構は省略できる。即ち、そのディファレンシャル機構が奇数番目のディファレンシャル機構ならば軸6をまた偶数番目なら軸7を、対応するギア比Riで機構出力軸oに直結してそのディファレンシャル機構自体は廃止すればよい。図9に示したのは、ディファレンシャル機構D1についてそうした条件が成り立った場合の構成である。この図の初段においては、軸6がギア比R1で機構出力軸oに直結されており、その間にディファレンシャル機構は介在していない。軸7はギア比R2でディファレンシャル機構D2に連結されている。
・図4に示した機構を用いて低域モジュールを構成したもの
・インバータモジュール無しで全ての段を実現し全変速レンジをカバーする機構
・停止状態を含む切替ギア比以下のギア比範囲では低域モジュールの代わりにクラッチ又はトルクコンバータで出力軸につなぎ、切替ギア比以上のギア比では高域モジュールを動作させる機構
・高域モジュールのコアを他種機構により実現した機構
・高域モジュールを設けず例えば図3又は図4に示した機構によって全変速レンジをカバーする機構
・高域モジュール内に変速レンジ拡張機構がなくコアだけで高速モジュールを構成した機構
・低域モジュールの段数が1である機構
等、各種の組合せ形態が本発明に包含される。
(数24)
ω1=k・ω2+(1−k)・ω3
により示される制限条件が成立する機構を表している。この条件式中、kはそのディファレンシャル機構の特性及び各軸への付番の仕方により定まる定数である。この条件式は、そのディファレンシャル機構がどのような形態で実現されているか、例えば円筒エピサイクリック歯車列(cylindrical epicyclic train)、球面エピサイクリック歯車列(spherical epicyclic train)、流体圧回路(hydraulic circuit)等のうちの何れか、といった事情によって変わることのない一般式である。
(数25)
τio=ωo/ωi=(111・r+124)/(124・r+111)
となる。図11に、そのギア比を1/1.17から1.17まで変化させる際に軸6及び7に加えるべき角速度と、入力軸iの角速度を3000回転毎分で一定に保持したときに出力軸oに現れる角速度とを示す。この図に示されるように、本実施形態では、入力軸iから出力軸oへと伝わるパワー全体で変速機V内を通るパワーが占める割合が、5.5%を上回ることがない。
Claims (18)
- 本CVTの入力軸に連結された第1軸、本CVTの出力軸に連結された第2軸、並びに本CVTの入力軸及び出力軸に連結されない第3軸を各々有する2個のディファレンシャル機構と、各ディファレンシャル機構の第3軸同士の間に連結された変速機と、を備えることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- コアの入力軸及びコアの出力軸に対し二者択一的に連結可能な入力軸と、コアの入力軸及びコアの出力軸に対し二者択一的に連結可能な出力軸と、本機構の入力軸をコアの入力軸に連結し本機構の出力軸をコアの出力軸に連結するとき並びに本機構の入力軸をコアの出力軸に連結し本機構の出力軸をコアの入力軸に連結するときに各連結に介在させる複数通りのギア比を提供するギア比ユニットと、を備え、その回転方向を逆転可能な機械式CVTを上記コアとしその変速レンジ幅を拡張することを特徴とする変速レンジ拡張機構。
- その出力軸が拘束され入力軸が自在回転する0からその入力軸が拘束され出力軸が自在回転する∞に至る範囲内でそのギア比を変化させ得る変速機と、本CVTの入力軸に連結された第1軸、変速機に連結された第2軸、並びに第3軸を有する第1ディファレンシャル機構と、本CVTの出力軸に連結された第1軸、変速機に連結された第2軸、並びに第3軸を有する第2ディファレンシャル機構と、それぞれクラッチその他の連結システムにより何れかの固定ギア比を選択的に提供可能な二組のギア比ユニットと、を備え、第1ディファレンシャル機構の第3軸と第2ディファレンシャル機構の第2軸との間及び第2ディファレンシャル機構の第3軸と第1ディファレンシャル機構の第2軸との間が随時、対応する組のギア比ユニットによる何れかの固定ギア比で連結されることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 出力軸が拘束され入力軸が自在回転する0から入力軸が拘束され出力軸が自在回転する∞に至る範囲内でそのギア比を変化させ得る変速機と、本CVTの入力軸に連結された第1軸、本CVTの出力軸に連結された第2軸、並びに本CVTの入力軸及び出力軸に連結されない第3軸を各々有する複数個のディファレンシャル機構と、奇数番目のディファレンシャル機構の第3軸と変速機の軸のうち1本との間、並びに偶数番目のディファレンシャル機構の第3軸と変速機の軸のうち他の1本との間を、選択的に、クラッチその他の適当な連結手段によって連結箇所毎に異なるギア比で連結させるギア比ユニットと、を備えることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項1記載の機械式CVTであって、請求項2記載の変速レンジ拡張機構によりその変速レンジ幅を拡張したことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項1又は5記載の機械式CVTであって、上記変速機が、−∞から0を通り∞に至る範囲内でそのギア比を連続的に変化させ得る変速機であることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項1、3、4及び15〜18のうち何れか一項記載の機械式CVTであって、その総ギア比を0から最大値に至る範囲内で連続的に変化させ得るよう、そのディファレンシャル機構特性及びギア比特性が設定されたことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項1、3、4及び15〜18の何れか一項記載の機械式CVTであって、その総ギア比を負の最小値から0における回転方向逆転を経て正の最大値に至る範囲内で連続的に変化させ得るよう、そのディファレンシャル機構特性及びギア比特性が設定されたことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項記載の機械式CVTであって、更に、本CVTの出力軸に連結可能なもう1本の軸を備え、このもう1本の軸と本CVTの出力軸との間の連結を、回転方向を逆転させる一組のギアを介した連結から直結へまたその逆へと切替可能なことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 機械式CVTであって、出力トルクが常に許容最大トルクより低く制限を課す必要がない高域のギア比では請求項1、2、5又は6記載の機械式CVT又は変速レンジ拡張機構を高域機構として動作させ、許容最大トルクを上回らないよう出力トルクを制限する必要がある低域のギア比では請求項7〜9の何れか一項記載の機械式CVTを低域機構として動作させることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項10記載の機械式CVTであって、高域機構が使用される最小のギア比が低域機構が使用される最大のギア比と等しいか或いは高域機構が使用されるギア比領域のうち当該最小のギア比寄りの部分と低域機構が使用されるギア比領域のうち当該最大のギア比寄りの部分が一部重複しており、且つ、低域高域間の切替が、低域機構のギア比と高域機構のギア比が一致したときクラッチその他の適当な連結手段により行われることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項11又は12記載の機械式CVTであって、高域機構及び低域機構が上記変速機を共用することを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項1乃至12の何れか一項記載の機械式CVTであって、上記変速機が、発電機としても原動機としても随時動作させることができ且つ適当な電気回路により制御される2個の電機を備えることを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項13記載の機械式CVTであって、上記変速機を構成する電機を始動用電動機及び蓄電池充電用発電機として使用できるよう、熱機関を備えたマシン例えば原動機付輸送機器に搭載されたことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項3記載の機械式CVTであって、固定ギア比のうち一種類が0であり、この固定ギア比=0で軸間を連結したときそれらの軸のうち1本が本CVTのシャーシに連結され制動又は拘束されるよう構成されたことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項3又は15記載の機械式CVTであって、上記変速機が、第1及び第2ディファレンシャル機構の第2軸間ではなく、第1ディファレンシャル機構の軸のうち本CVTの入力軸に連結されていない2本の軸間に連結されたことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項3又は15記載の機械式CVTであって、上記変速機が、第1及び第2ディファレンシャル機構の第2軸間ではなく、第2ディファレンシャル機構の軸のうち本CVTの出力軸に連結されていない2本の軸間に連結されたことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
- 請求項4記載の機械式CVTであって、クラッチその他の適当な連結手段を作動又は作動停止させることにより上記変速機の軸のうち1本を本CVTの出力軸に直結可能なことを特徴とする機械式CVT。
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- 2005-02-15 PL PL05708087T patent/PL1717483T3/pl unknown
- 2005-02-15 RU RU2006133286/11A patent/RU2362927C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-15 WO PCT/ES2005/000075 patent/WO2005078315A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-02-15 AT AT05708087T patent/ATE406534T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-15 ES ES05708087T patent/ES2313291T3/es active Active
- 2005-02-15 CN CN2005800050264A patent/CN101400924B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-15 EP EP05708087A patent/EP1717483B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-02-15 BR BRPI0507292-1A patent/BRPI0507292A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-15 US US10/587,552 patent/US7534185B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-15 JP JP2006553600A patent/JP4829129B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-15 DE DE602005009328T patent/DE602005009328D1/de active Active
- 2005-02-15 KR KR1020067016396A patent/KR101140018B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-15 US US10/587,552 patent/US20070173366A1/en active Granted
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TWI421422B (zh) * | 2010-07-29 | 2014-01-01 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | 單位比值序列型可獨立控制傳動機構 |
TWI411735B (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-10-11 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | 精簡並聯型可獨立控制傳動機構 |
TWI421424B (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2014-01-01 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | 序列型可獨立控制傳動機構 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1717483A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
US7534185B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 |
RU2362927C2 (ru) | 2009-07-27 |
KR101140018B1 (ko) | 2012-05-02 |
ATE406534T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
KR20060135758A (ko) | 2006-12-29 |
DE602005009328D1 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
US20070173366A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
PL1717483T3 (pl) | 2009-02-27 |
WO2005078315A1 (es) | 2005-08-25 |
EP1717483B1 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
US20070282074A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
ES2313291T3 (es) | 2009-03-01 |
CN101400924B (zh) | 2011-01-05 |
RU2006133286A (ru) | 2008-03-27 |
JP4829129B2 (ja) | 2011-12-07 |
BRPI0507292A (pt) | 2007-07-03 |
CN101400924A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
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