GB2384531A - Multi-regime CVT with coaxial input and output shafts - Google Patents

Multi-regime CVT with coaxial input and output shafts Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2384531A
GB2384531A GB0201583A GB0201583A GB2384531A GB 2384531 A GB2384531 A GB 2384531A GB 0201583 A GB0201583 A GB 0201583A GB 0201583 A GB0201583 A GB 0201583A GB 2384531 A GB2384531 A GB 2384531A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
output
input
output shaft
variator
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0201583A
Other versions
GB2384531B (en
GB0201583D0 (en
Inventor
Christopher J Greenwood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Torotrak Development Ltd
Torotrak PLC
Original Assignee
Torotrak Development Ltd
Torotrak PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Torotrak Development Ltd, Torotrak PLC filed Critical Torotrak Development Ltd
Priority to GB0201583A priority Critical patent/GB2384531B/en
Publication of GB0201583D0 publication Critical patent/GB0201583D0/en
Publication of GB2384531A publication Critical patent/GB2384531A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2384531B publication Critical patent/GB2384531B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H37/086—CVT using two coaxial friction members cooperating with at least one intermediate friction member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/088—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft
    • F16H2037/0886—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft with switching means, e.g. to change ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/64—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains, the drive always passing through all the trains, each train having not more than one connection for driving another train

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A multi-regime CVT comprises two troidally-recessed discs 10 connected to a system input shaft 16 and a variator V having a coaxial output shaft 18 which acts as a carrier C1 of mixing epicyclic gear train E1. An intermediate shaft 20 is connected via the carrier C1 to the output shaft 18 which in turn may be connected to a system output shaft 22 by a high-regime clutch H, thereby coupling the variator V directly to the system output shaft 22. Carrier C1, via planet gears P1', drives a sun gear 25 of a second epicyclic gear train E2 which has a carrier C2 that is coupled to the output 22 by an intermediate coaxial shaft 36 and a low-regime clutch L, thereby combining the output from the variator V with the drive from input shaft 16 in the mixing epicyclic E2. In a synchronous mode both clutches may be engaged for a brief period.

Description

<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
DESCRIPTION CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE RATIO TRANSMISSION SYSTEM The present invention relates to multi-regime, continuously variable ratio transmission (CVT) systems, for example for use in motor vehicles.
A CVT system of this type is disclosed in EP-A-0149892. The system disclosed therein also has the advantage of being"coaxial", i. e. with the input and output shafts, the continuously variable ratio transmission unit (variator) and the two epicyclic gear trains being arranged coaxially, which has the advantage of compactness and simplicity.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a multi-regime, continuously variable ratio transmission system having coaxial system input and output shafts, comprising a continuously variable ratio transmission unit (variator) connected coaxially to the system input shaft and having a coaxial variator output shaft; a mixing epicyclic gear train having a first input gear connected directly to the system input shaft, a second input gear driven by the variator and an output gear; a second epicyclic gear train receiving an input from the output gear of the mixing epicyclic gear train and having an output shaft disposed coaxially to the system input shaft; and a first clutch disposed between the coaxial variator output shaft and the system output shaft to selectively couple the variator output directly to the system output shaft.
In addition to the advantages of compactness and simplicity afforded by a coaxial construction, the present invention has the further advantage of a direct connection between the variator to the system output shaft by engaging the first
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
clutch, which can significantly improve efficiency in that regime, particularly in view of the fact that gearing losses are minimised.
Furthermore, the interaction of the system input shaft and the variator gives rise to a recirculating power path between the system input and the variator, which inevitably results in power losses. The present invention minimises such losses by having only two gear meshes in the recirculating power path.
The positioning of the first clutch between the variator output and the system output shaft also means that in the event of a failure of a component of the transmission with the first clutch engaged, by disengaging the first clutch it can be ensured that no power is transferred from the transmission system to the system output shaft. In contract, in the prior art there are some circumstances in which power could still be transmitted even with the clutch disengaged.
In one embodiment, the transmission system further comprises a second clutch disposed between the output shaft of the second epicyclic gear train and the system output shaft to selectively couple the output of the second epicyclic gear train to the system output shaft.
The positioning of both clutches between the variator output and the system output shaft and between the output of the second epicyclic gear train and the system output shaft respectively also means that if both clutches are disengaged, no power can be transferred from the transmission system to the system output shaft, e. g. in the event of failure of a component of the transmission system, irrespective of which regime the transmission was previously operating.
In one embodiment, in the mixing epicyclic gear train an input sun gear forms
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
the first input gear, the carrier forms the second input gear and an output sun gear forms the output gear.
The second epicyclic gear train may have the output sun gear of the mixing epicyclic gear train driving the input gear, a stationary annulus and the carrier forming the output. The annulus is preferably fixed with respect to a transmission casing.
The first clutch is preferably engaged in order to place the transmission system in high regime. The second clutch is preferably engaged in order to place the transmission system in low regime.
The present invention also includes a motor vehicle comprising a transmission system in accordance with the present invention.
By way of example only, a specific embodiment of the present invention will now be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an embodiment of continuously variable transmission in accordance with the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a diagram explaining the principles of operation of the transmission of Fig. 1.
Referring firstly to Fig. 1, a continuously variable ratio transmission comprises a variator V of the known toroidal race rolling traction type having two toroidally-recessed discs 10 arranged one at each end of the unit and a pair of similar output discs 12, each facing a respective one of the input discs 10 and rotating with each other. Sets of rollers 14 are mounted between the opposing faces of the input and output discs 10, 12 to transmit drive from the input discs 10 to the output discs
<Desc/Clms Page number 4>
12 with a ratio which is variable by tilting the rollers 14.
The input discs 10 are connected to and driven by an input shaft 16. The variator provides an output via variator output shaft 18 which is arranged coaxially with the input shaft 16 and comprises a rotor in the form of a drum. A first intermediate output drive shaft 20, which forms an extension of the variator output shaft 18, is connected to the base of the variator output shaft 18, coaxially with the input shaft 16, which in turn is selectively connectable to a final drive shaft 22 via a high regime clutch H.
The end face of the variator output shaft 18 also acts as the carrier C 1 for the planet gears PI of a mixing epicyclic gear train E 1 of positive basic ratio which mesh with an input sun gear Sl driven by the input shaft 16 and mounted coaxially therewith. Each planet gear PI is mounted at one end of a respective spindle 24 mounted as the carrier Cl, the spindle carrying a further gear PI' (smaller in diameter than PI) at its opposite end which in turn meshes with an output sun gear 25 mounted coaxially with the input shaft 16.
The output sun gear 25 of the mixing epicyclic gear train E 1 drives the planet gears P2 of a further, low-regime, epicyclic gear train E2 of positive basic ratio, the annulus A2 of which is fixed with respect to the transmission casing 34. The carrier C2 of the further epicyclic gear train E2 is connected to a tubular second intermediate output drive shaft 36 which is coaxial with the input shaft 16 and which in turn is selectively connectable to the final drive shaft 22 via a low-regime clutch L.
When the transmission is operating in high regime (see Fig. 2A), the high regime clutch H is engaged and the low regime clutch L is disengaged. Thus, the
<Desc/Clms Page number 5>
output from the variator V is transferred directly to the final drive shaft 22 via the variator output shaft 18, the first intermediate output drive shaft 20 and the high regime clutch H. When the transmission is operating in low regime (see Fig. 2B), the high regime clutch H is disengaged and the low regime clutch L is engaged. The output from the variator V thus interacts with the input drive 16 in the mixing epicyclic gear train E 1 whose output is thence transferred to the final drive shaft 22 via the further epicyclic gear train E2, the tubular second intermediate output drive shaft 36 and the low regime clutch L.
Moving from one regime to the other can be achieved when the transmission is operating in so-called"synchronous mode"in which both clutches rotate at (or very near) the same speed (see Fig. 2C). The previously disengaged clutch can then be applied such that both clutches are engaged for a brief period. The previously engaged clutch can then be released, leaving the transmission to operate in the new regime.
The present invention offers a number of advantages over the prior art.
Firstly, in high regime operation the output from the variator V is connected directly to the final drive shaft 22 which improves the efficiency in this mode, particularly since the drive is transmitted without the need for any gears. Secondly, the recirculating power path between the variator output and the input via the mixing epicyclic gearset involves only two gear meshes, which significantly reduces the power loss as compared with the prior art. Thirdly, the prior art arrangements could in some circumstances transfer power to the final output shaft even if both the high and low regime clutches were disengaged, e. g. in the event of bearing failure. In the
<Desc/Clms Page number 6>
present invention, having the high and low regime clutches H, L as the final transmission members connected directly to the final drive shaft 22 guarantees that if both clutches are disengaged there can be no transfer of power to the final drive shaft 22 in the event of failure of a component in the transmission.
The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment.
For example, a variator other than a toroidal race rolling traction type variator could be used. Moreover, although a two-regime transmission has been described, the invention is equally applicable to three or higher-regime transmissions, by selection of appropriate additional epicyclic gearsets and regime clutches.
Furthermore, although in the above embodiment the second clutch is located between the output shaft of the second epicyclic gear train E2 and the system output shaft 22, this need not be the case. For example, it may be preferable in some instances to have the second clutch within, or forming part of, the second epicyclic gear train E2, in a manner similar to that described in EP-A-0149892..

Claims (8)

1. A multi-regime, continuously variable ratio transmission system having coaxial system input and output shafts, comprising a continuously variable ratio transmission unit (variator) connected coaxially to the system input shaft and having a coaxial variator output shaft ; a mixing epicyclic gear train having a first input gear connected directly to the system input shaft, a second input gear driven by the variator and an output gear; a second epicyclic gear train receiving an input from the output gear of the mixing epicyclic gear train and having an output shaft disposed coaxially to the system input shaft; and a first clutch disposed between the coaxial variator output shaft and the system output shaft to selectively couple the variator output directly to the system output shaft.
2. A transmission system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second clutch disposed between the output shaft of the second epicyclic gear train and the system output shaft to selectively couple the output of the second epicyclic gear train to the system output shaft.
3. A transmission system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second clutch is engaged to place the transmission system in low regime.
4. A transmission system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first clutch is engaged to place the transmission system in high regime.
5. A transmission system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the mixing epicyclic gear train a sun gear forms the first input gear, the carrier forms the second input gear and a further sun gear forms the output gear.
6. A transmission system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein
<Desc/Clms Page number 8>
in the second epicyclic gear train, the output sun gear from the mixing epicyclic gear train drives the input gear, the annulus is stationary and the carrier forms the output.
7. A transmission system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the annulus is fixed with respect to a transmission casing.
8. A motor vehicle comprising a transmission system as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
GB0201583A 2002-01-24 2002-01-24 Continuously variable ratio transmission system Expired - Fee Related GB2384531B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0201583A GB2384531B (en) 2002-01-24 2002-01-24 Continuously variable ratio transmission system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0201583A GB2384531B (en) 2002-01-24 2002-01-24 Continuously variable ratio transmission system

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GB0201583D0 GB0201583D0 (en) 2002-03-13
GB2384531A true GB2384531A (en) 2003-07-30
GB2384531B GB2384531B (en) 2006-02-22

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2410302A (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-27 Torotrak Dev Ltd Multi-regime CVT with coaxial input and output shafts
GB2411704B (en) * 2003-01-09 2006-11-15 Torotrak Dev Ltd Continuously variable transmission
CN100354551C (en) * 2004-08-31 2007-12-12 叶建峰 Method for realizing stepless speed changing and gear stepless speed changer for realizing the same method
JP2008249119A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Equos Research Co Ltd Continuously variable transmission
US8401752B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2013-03-19 Allison Transmission, Inc. Fail-to-neutral system and method for a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US8424373B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2013-04-23 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator fault detection system
US8578802B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2013-11-12 Allison Transmission, Inc. System and method for multiplexing gear engagement control and providing fault protection in a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US8721494B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-05-13 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator multiplex valve scheme for a torroidal traction drive transmision
US8727942B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-05-20 AllisonTransmission, Inc. Dual pump regulator system for a motor vehicle transmission
US8821340B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2014-09-02 Allison Transmission, Inc. System and method for controlling endload force of a variator
US8840522B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-09-23 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator switching valve scheme for a torroidal traction drive transmision
US8852049B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2014-10-07 Allison Transmission, Inc. Fast valve actuation system for an automatic transmission
US9228650B2 (en) 2010-08-16 2016-01-05 Allison Transmission, Inc. Gear scheme for infinitely variable transmission
US9347555B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2016-05-24 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator lockout valve system
CN105882882A (en) * 2014-08-20 2016-08-24 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Driving device for electric bicycle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107606076A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-01-19 哈尔滨东安汽车发动机制造有限公司 A kind of two gear power transmissions with synchronizer
CN110030338A (en) * 2019-04-07 2019-07-19 罗灿 Centre wheel planet row speed changer of the same race

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4481844A (en) * 1980-07-10 1984-11-13 Lucas Industries Limited Transmission system
US4768398A (en) * 1984-09-28 1988-09-06 Leyland Vehicles Limited Continuously-variable transmission
EP0306272A1 (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-03-08 Torotrak (Development) Limited Continuously variable transmission

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4481844A (en) * 1980-07-10 1984-11-13 Lucas Industries Limited Transmission system
US4768398A (en) * 1984-09-28 1988-09-06 Leyland Vehicles Limited Continuously-variable transmission
EP0306272A1 (en) * 1987-09-02 1989-03-08 Torotrak (Development) Limited Continuously variable transmission

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2411704B (en) * 2003-01-09 2006-11-15 Torotrak Dev Ltd Continuously variable transmission
GB2410302A (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-27 Torotrak Dev Ltd Multi-regime CVT with coaxial input and output shafts
CN100354551C (en) * 2004-08-31 2007-12-12 叶建峰 Method for realizing stepless speed changing and gear stepless speed changer for realizing the same method
JP4645615B2 (en) * 2007-03-30 2011-03-09 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ Continuously variable transmission
JP2008249119A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Equos Research Co Ltd Continuously variable transmission
US8770018B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2014-07-08 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator fault detection system
US8424373B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2013-04-23 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator fault detection system
US8578802B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2013-11-12 Allison Transmission, Inc. System and method for multiplexing gear engagement control and providing fault protection in a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US10253875B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2019-04-09 Allison Transmission, Inc. System and method for multiplexing gear engagement control and providing fault protection in a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US9347555B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2016-05-24 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator lockout valve system
US8821340B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2014-09-02 Allison Transmission, Inc. System and method for controlling endload force of a variator
US8401752B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2013-03-19 Allison Transmission, Inc. Fail-to-neutral system and method for a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US8852049B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2014-10-07 Allison Transmission, Inc. Fast valve actuation system for an automatic transmission
US9103434B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2015-08-11 Allison Transmission, Inc. Fail-to-neutral system and method for a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US9267582B2 (en) 2009-12-16 2016-02-23 Allison Transmission, Inc. System and method for multiplexing gear engagement control and providing fault protection in a toroidal traction drive automatic transmission
US10253859B2 (en) 2010-08-16 2019-04-09 Allison Transmission, Inc. Gear scheme for infinitely variable transmission
US9228650B2 (en) 2010-08-16 2016-01-05 Allison Transmission, Inc. Gear scheme for infinitely variable transmission
US8840522B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-09-23 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator switching valve scheme for a torroidal traction drive transmision
US9534672B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2017-01-03 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator switching valve scheme for a torroidal traction drive transmission
US9541191B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2017-01-10 Allison Transmission, Inc. Dual pump regulator system for a motor vehicle transmission
US9562594B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2017-02-07 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator multiplex valve scheme for a torroidal traction drive transmission
US8727942B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-05-20 AllisonTransmission, Inc. Dual pump regulator system for a motor vehicle transmission
US8721494B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-05-13 Allison Transmission, Inc. Variator multiplex valve scheme for a torroidal traction drive transmision
CN105882882A (en) * 2014-08-20 2016-08-24 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Driving device for electric bicycle
CN105882882B (en) * 2014-08-20 2019-05-07 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Driving device for electric two-wheel vehicle

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Publication number Publication date
GB2384531B (en) 2006-02-22
GB0201583D0 (en) 2002-03-13

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Effective date: 20120124