TWI568614B - 混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法 - Google Patents

混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法 Download PDF

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TWI568614B
TWI568614B TW103117153A TW103117153A TWI568614B TW I568614 B TWI568614 B TW I568614B TW 103117153 A TW103117153 A TW 103117153A TW 103117153 A TW103117153 A TW 103117153A TW I568614 B TWI568614 B TW I568614B
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Taiwan
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planetary gear
gear set
transmission
hybrid
energy
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TW103117153A
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TW201542408A (zh
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黃冠雄
林志霖
蔡得民
光灼華
林博正
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國立中山大學
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Priority to TW103117153A priority Critical patent/TWI568614B/zh
Priority to US14/606,169 priority patent/US9340099B2/en
Publication of TW201542408A publication Critical patent/TW201542408A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F16H3/666Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with compound planetary gear units, e.g. two intermeshing orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/104Power split variators with one end of the CVT connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/907Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909Gearing
    • Y10S903/91Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y10S903/911Orbital, e.g. planetary gears with two or more gear sets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Description

混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法
本發明係關於一種混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法;特別是關於一種油電混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法;更特別是關於一種適用於油電混合車〔HEV,hybrid electric vehicle〕或油電混合交通工具之動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法。
習用混合動力系統,例如:中華民國專利第I427008號之〝油電混合動力車之啟動方法及其系統架構〞發明專利,其揭示一種油電混合動力車系統。該油電混合動力車系統包含一油電混合動力車、一電池模組、一電池加熱裝置、一行車控制單元、一第一開關、一集成啟動發電機及一內燃機引擎。
前述第I427008號之該油電混合動力車之啟動方法包含:於該油電混合動力車之電池模組之溫度低於一第一門檻溫度時,利用該行車控制單元控制導通該第一開關;利用處於啟動模式中之該集成啟動發電機,將自該電池模組透過該第一開關而傳遞至該集成啟動發電機之直流電源轉換為一第一交流電源,並利用該第一交流電源啟動該內燃機引擎;及執行一加熱程序,以利用該電池加熱裝置提高該電池模組之溫度。藉此,該集成啟動發電機至該電池模組之充電線路可被截斷,使該集成啟動發電機以整流模式運作,以提供電能至該電池加熱裝置,以便對該電池模組進行加熱。
然而,前述第I427008號之該油電混合動力車並未適當提供混合動力傳動整合系統,以達成可變式控制動力輸入,並進一步達成可變式控制動力輸出。簡言之,該油電混合動力車在傳輸動力上其仍有必要進一步選擇提供可變式控制動力輸入及可變式控制動力輸出之傳動機構,以符合混合動力整合傳輸需求。
另一習用混合動力系統,例如:中華民國專利公開第201000341號之〝油電混合車及其製造方法〞發明專利申請案,其揭示一種油電混合車。該油電混合車包含一電動馬達、至少一電池組、至少一電容器組、至少一發電機、至少一引擎及一控制器。該控制器與該電池組、該電容器組及該引擎進行耦合。
前述第201000341號之該油電混合車亦包含一動力系統,且該等動力系統包含至少一電池組、至少一電容器組、至少一發電機及一控制器,且該控制器與該電池組、該電容器組及該發電機進行耦合。另外,該油電混合車亦包含一齒輪箱,而該齒輪箱包含一周轉式滾輪配置及一控制機構,且該控制機構與一輸出軸進行耦合。
然而,前述第201000341號之該油電混合車並未適當提供混合動力傳動整合系統,以達成可變式控制動力輸入,並進一步達成可變式控制動力輸出。簡言之,該油電混合動力車在傳輸動力上其仍有必要進一步選擇提供可變式控制動力輸入及可變式控制動力輸出之傳動機構,以符合混合動力整合傳輸需求。
另一習用混合動力系統,例如:美國專利第8303447號之〝Power transmission system of hybrid electric vehicle〞發明專利,其揭示一種油電混合車之混合動力系統。該混合動力系統包含一動力輸入軸、一第一行星齒輪組、一第二行星齒輪組、一動力輸出軸、一第一離合器、 一第二離合器、一第一煞車器及一第二煞車器,並適當組成該混合動力系統。
然而,前述第8303447號之該油電混合車之混合動力系統之第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組具有需較高加工成本的缺點,且其並未適當提供混合動力傳動整合於該動力輸入軸及動力輸出軸之間,以達成可變式控制動力輸入,並進一步達成可變式控制動力輸出。簡言之,該油電混合動力車在傳輸動力上其仍有必要進一步選擇提供可變式控制動力輸入及可變式控制動力輸出之傳動機構,以符合混合動力整合傳輸需求。
另一習用混合動力系統,例如:美國專利第8500585號之〝Power transmission system of hybrid electric vehicle〞發明專利,其揭示一種油電混合車之混合動力系統。同樣的,該混合動力系統包含一動力輸入軸、一第一行星齒輪組、一第二行星齒輪組、一動力輸出軸、一第一離合器、一第二離合器、一第一煞車器及一第二煞車器,並適當組成該混合動力系統。
然而,前述第8500585號之該油電混合車之混合動力系統之第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組具有需較高加工成本的缺點,且並未適當提供混合動力傳動整合於該動力輸入軸及動力輸出軸之間,以達成可變式控制動力輸入,並進一步達成可變式控制動力輸出。簡言之,該油電混合動力車在傳輸動力上其仍有必要進一步選擇提供可變式控制動力輸入及可變式控制動力輸出之傳動機構,以符合混合動力整合傳輸需求。
另一習用混合動力系統,例如:美國專利第8548662號之〝Transmission control for a hybrid electric vehicle with regenerative braking〞發明專利,其揭示一種油電混合車之混合動力系統。該油電混合車包含一第一傳動 機構、一第二傳動機構、一電動馬達、一內燃機、一馬達控制單元及一傳動控制單元。
然而,前述第8548662號之該油電混合車僅採用第一傳動機構及第二傳動機構具有構造複雜的缺點,且其在該電動馬達及內燃機之間並未適當提供混合動力傳動整合之功能,以達成可變式控制動力輸入,並進一步達成可變式控制動力輸出。簡言之,該油電混合動力車在傳輸動力上其仍有必要進一步選擇提供可變式控制動力輸入及可變式控制動力輸出之傳動機構,以符合混合動力整合傳輸需求。
另外,前述中華民國專利第I427008號、中華民國專利公開第201000341號、美國專利第8303447號、第8500585號及第8548662號之油電混和車齒輪箱多採用設置兩個馬達與一個引擎的配置,其中一個馬達可轉換為發電機,而另一個馬達為主要出力馬達,並且經由變速機構連接輸出端,共計有三個軸端,兩個自由度,由主要出力馬達與引擎為輸入條件,次要馬達則扮演配合的角色,需配合另兩軸端的轉速,如此其需要較高的控制技術。
因此,前述中華民國專利第I427008號、中華民國專利公開第201000341號、美國專利第8303447號、第8500585號及第8548662號僅揭示各種混合動力系統。因此,習用混合動力系統必然存在進一步改良其整合性傳動性之需求。前述專利及專利申請案僅為本發明技術背景之參考及說明目前技術發展狀態而已,其並非用以限制本發明之範圍。
有鑑於此,本發明為了滿足上述技術問題及需求,其提供一種混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法,其利用二行星齒輪組及二傳動連接組進行可變式控制能量輸入及能量輸出,該混合動力傳動整合系統利用一控制端控 制一自由傳輸端自由切換做為一能量輸出端或一能量輸入端,因此相對於習用混合動力系統可大幅提升能量轉換效率及能量使用效率。
本發明之主要目的係提供一種混合動力傳動整合系統,其利用二行星齒輪組及二傳動連接組進行可變式控制能量輸入及能量輸出,該傳動機構利用一控制端控制一自由傳輸端自由切換做為一能量輸出端或一能量輸入端,以達成提升能量轉換效率及能量使用效率之目的。
為了達成上述目的,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統包含:一第一行星齒輪組;一第二行星齒輪組;一第一傳動連接組,其連接於該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組,該第一傳動連接組具有一第一能量輸入端;及一第二傳動連接組,其連接於該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組,該第二傳動連接組具有一第二能量輸入端、一第一能量輸出端及一自由傳輸端;其中該混合動力傳動整合系統控制該自由傳輸端,以自由切換該自由傳輸端做為一第二能量輸出端或一第三能量輸入端,如此經由該第二能量輸出端將一動能經轉換及儲存後,再由該第二能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統,或經由該第三能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統。
本發明較佳實施例之該第一行星齒輪組包含一第一連接端及一第二連接端,而該第二行星齒輪組包含一第三連接端及一第四連接端,在組裝時,該第一傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第一連接端及第二行星齒 輪組之第三連接端,而該第二傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第二連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第四連接端。
本發明較佳實施例之該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組選自一正比式驅動式行星齒輪或一負比式驅動式行星齒輪。
本發明較佳實施例之該正比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一第一太陽齒輪、一第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一第二太陽齒輪、一第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一複式行星齒輪,而該負比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一太陽齒輪、一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一環齒輪、一環齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一行星齒輪。
本發明較佳實施例之該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組分別包含三自由旋轉軸。
本發明之另一目的係提供一種混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法,其利用二行星齒輪組及二傳動連接組進行可變式控制能量輸入及能量輸出,該傳動機構利用一控制端控制一自由傳輸端自由切換做為一能量輸出端或一能量輸入端,以達成提升能量轉換及使用效率之目的。
為了達成上述目的,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含:將一第一傳動連接組設置為具有一第一能量輸入端及一第一能量輸出端;將一第二傳動連接組設置為具有一第二能量輸入端及一自由傳輸端;將該第一傳動連接組連接於一第一行星齒輪組及一第二行星齒輪組;將該第二傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組;及將該自由傳輸端進行控制,以便自由切換該自 由傳輸端做為一第二能量輸出端或一第三能量輸入端,如此經由該第二能量輸出端將一動能經轉換及儲存後,再由該第二能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統,或經由該第三能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統。
本發明較佳實施例之該第一行星齒輪組包含一第一連接端及一第二連接端,而該第二行星齒輪組包含一第三連接端及一第四連接端,在組裝時,該第一傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第一連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第三連接端,而該第二傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第二連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第四連接端。
本發明較佳實施例之該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組選自一正比式驅動式行星齒輪或一負比式驅動式行星齒輪。
本發明較佳實施例之該正比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一第一太陽齒輪、一第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一第二太陽齒輪、一第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一複式行星齒輪,而該負比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一太陽齒輪、一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一環齒輪、一環齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一行星齒輪。
本發明較佳實施例之該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組分別包含三自由旋轉軸。
1‧‧‧混合動力傳動整合系統
100‧‧‧可獨立控制傳動機構
1a‧‧‧第一能量輸入端
1b‧‧‧第二能量輸入端
1c‧‧‧第一能量輸出端
1d‧‧‧第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端
10‧‧‧第一行星齒輪組
11‧‧‧第二行星齒輪組
12‧‧‧第一傳動連接組
13‧‧‧第二傳動連接組
第1圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統提供混合動力輸入及輸出操作功能之方塊示意圖。
第2圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統之能量輸入及輸出方向之架構示意圖。
第3圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採 用正比式驅動式行星齒輪之內部機構示意圖。
第4圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統之內部機構示意圖。
第5圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統之齒數對照示意圖。
第6圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用傳動操作控制方法之流程示意圖。
第7圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統應用於馬達與引擎功率之關係模擬示意圖。
第8圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統於第一能量輸入端〔引擎〕、第二能量輸入端〔馬達〕及第一能量輸出端扭力之關係模擬示意圖。
第9圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統於第一能量輸入端〔引擎〕、第二能量輸入端〔馬達〕及第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端〔馬達及發電機組合,自由傳輸端〕轉速之關係模擬示意圖。
第10圖:本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統於第一能量輸入端〔引擎〕及第二能量輸入端〔馬達〕及第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端〔馬達及發電機組合,自由傳輸端〕功率之關係模擬示意圖。
為了充分瞭解本發明,於下文將舉例較佳實施例並配合所附圖式作詳細說明,且其並非用以限定本發明。
本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統及其控制方法〔或操作方法〕適合設置於各種混合式〔hybrid〕能量供應系統,例如:移動式〔mobile〕或獨立式〔stand-alone〕設備,其可應用於各種混合機械傳動相關技術領域,例如:複合動力車輛〔hybrid vehicle〕〔如馬達及引擎〕、複合動力船舶〔hybrid boat〕或複合動力腳 踏車〔hybrid bicycle〕、太陽能發電設備〔solar power generator〕、焚化爐〔incinerator〕、海洋能發電機〔ocean power generator〕〔如潮汐、波浪或海流發電設備〕、風力發電機〔wind power generator〕之混合傳動變速箱等,但其並非用以限定本發明之傳動整合系統之應用範圍。
第1圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統提供混合動力輸入及輸出操作功能之方塊示意圖,其僅舉例說明本發明之基本混合動力輸入及輸出操作功能。請參照第1圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統1包含至少一個或數個可獨立控制傳動機構〔independently controllable transmission mechanism〕100,其舉例設置單一個該可獨立控制傳動機構100,但其並非用以限定本發明之範圍。該可獨立控制傳動機構100將單獨由馬達輸出之動力〔例如:起步時動力〕、單獨由引擎輸出之動力〔高速運轉動力〕或馬達及引擎同時輸出之動力〔起步後加速動力〕適當整合,並提供操作模式包含高轉速低扭力、低轉速高扭力或其它各種不同配比輸出扭力模式。
第2圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統之能量輸入及輸出方向之架構示意圖,其對應於第1圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。請參照第1及2圖所示,舉例而言,該混合動力傳動整合系統1包含一第一能量輸入端1a、一第二能量輸入端1b、一第一能量輸出端1c及一第二能量輸出端或一第三能量輸入端1d,其適當配置於該混合動力傳動整合系統1,以便對應於其能量輸入及輸出方向〔如第2圖之箭頭方向示〕,且其適用於油電混合車之傳動機構。
第3圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用正比式驅動式〔positive-ratio drive train type〕行星齒輪之內部機構示意圖。請參照第3圖所示,該正比式驅動式行星齒輪具有三自由旋轉軸〔freedom rotor shaft〕或具類似結構之旋轉軸機構。舉例而言,該正比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一第一太陽齒輪〔sun gear〕ps1、一第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss1、一第二太陽齒輪ps2、一第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss2、至少一組以上的複式行星齒輪〔compound planet gear〕pp1,pp2及一可自由旋轉行星臂〔carrier〕pa。在組裝時,該複式行星齒輪〔compound planet gear〕pp1,pp2同時與第一太陽齒輪ps1及第二太陽齒輪ps2相互囓合。
請再參照第3圖所示,該正比式驅動式行星齒輪對外可提供利用的三個自由旋轉軸,且該三個自由旋轉軸分別為該第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss1、第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss2及可自由旋轉行星臂pa。該正比值驅動式行星齒輪在該可自由旋轉行星臂pa固定不旋轉時,該第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss1及第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss2的旋轉方向為相同方向。若將該第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss1及第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸pss2分別與該可自由旋轉行星臂pa之間的相對轉速的比值定義為一基本轉速比值〔basic speed-ratio〕,則其數值為正。
第4圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統之內部機構示意圖,其對應於第1及2圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。另外,第5圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統之齒數對照示意圖,其對應於第4圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。請參照第4及5圖所示,該混合動力傳動整合系統1包含一第一行星齒輪組10、一第二行星齒輪組11、一第一傳動連接組12及一第二傳動連接組13,且該第一行星齒輪組10、第二行星齒輪組11、第一傳動連接組12及第二傳動連接組13適當組合 形成該混合動力傳動整合系統1,且其具有適當齒數配置,如第5圖所示。
第6圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用傳動操作控制方法之流程示意圖,其對應於第4及5圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。請參照第2、4、5及6圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含步驟S1:將該第一傳動連接組12設置為具有一第一能量輸入端及一第一能量輸出端,如第2圖所示之該第一能量輸入端1a及第一能量輸出端1c。舉例而言,該第一能量輸入端1a可選擇連接至少一引擎或其它動力源。
請再參照第2、4、5及6圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含步驟S2:接著,將該第二傳動連接組13設置為具有一第二能量輸入端及一自由傳輸端,如第2圖所示之該第二能量輸入端1b及第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端1d〔自由傳輸端〕。舉例而言,該第二能量輸入端1b形成一控制端,其可選擇連接至少一馬達〔伺服馬達〕或其它動力源。該第一能量輸出端1c形成該混合動力傳動整合系統1之一主能量輸出端,而該第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端1d形成該混合動力傳動整合系統1之一自由能量輸出端。另外,該第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端1d可選擇連接至少一馬達及發電機組合或其它類似機構。
請再參照第4、5及6圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含步驟S3:接著,將該第一傳動連接組12連接於該第一行星齒輪組10及第二行星齒輪組11。如第4圖之中間上端所示,該第一行星齒輪組10包含一第一連接端及一第二連接端,且該第一連接端及第二連接端位於該第一行星齒輪組10之兩 側。如第4圖之中間下端所示,該第二行星齒輪組11包含一第三連接端及一第四連接端,且該第三連接端及第四連接端位於該第一行星齒輪組10之兩側。在元件組裝時,該第一傳動連接組12連接於該第一行星齒輪組10之第一連接端及第二行星齒輪組11之第三連接端,如第4圖之左側所示。
請再參照第4、5及6圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含步驟S4:接著,將該第二傳動連接組13連接於該第一行星齒輪組10及第二行星齒輪組11。在元件組裝時,該第二傳動連接組13連接於該第一行星齒輪組10之第二連接端及第二行星齒輪組11之第四連接端,如第4圖之右側所示。
請再參照第2、4、5及6圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含步驟S5:接著,該混合動力傳動整合系統1控制該自由傳輸端,以自由切換該自由傳輸端做為該第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端1d,如此可選擇經由該第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端1d適當輸出可回收能量,例如:在煞車或行駛下坡時所產生的動能。
請再參照第2、4、5及6圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法包含步驟S6:接著,一旦進行停止該第一能量輸出端1c之能量輸出時,經由該第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端1d將一動能經轉換〔例如:帶動發電機運轉產生電能〕及儲存〔例如:電能儲存於蓄電池〕後,再經由該第二能量輸入端1b〔例如:蓄電池連接馬達運轉〕進行輸入該已儲存動能,以便回饋傳輸至該混合動力傳動整合系統1,或直接經由該第三能量輸入端1d進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統1。
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用設計公式如下:
(i)當αβ,且α≠1,β≠1時:
(ii)當α=β=1時:i 0A =i 0B (3)
其中i 0A 代表該第一行星齒輪組10之基本轉速比值,i 0B 代表該第二行星齒輪組11之基本轉速比值。
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統將選用(ii)做為範例條件,即α=1、β=1,如此齒輪的規格會比較相近,即可以降低製造成本。而該第一能量輸出端1c之轉速與該第二能量輸入端1b〔控制端〕之馬達轉速呈線性關係,在此設定係數為1,如公式(4)所示:n output =n motor (4)
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇採用引擎、馬達與馬達及發電機組合之轉速關係,如公式(5)所示:
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇採用旋轉方向順時針為正,逆時針為負,功率輸入至該可獨立控制傳動機構100〔例如:齒輪箱〕為正,其輸出為負,齒輪箱的各軸功率可表示為:P X =T X n X (6)
其中PT分別表示功率和扭矩,n代表其轉速,下標 X 代表各軸端。
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇由能量守恆定律可得公式(7)如下:P output =-(P engine +P motor ) (7)
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇採用引擎、馬達與輸出端之扭力關係,如公式(8)所示:
請再參照第4圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇採用引擎與馬達及發電機組合之能量關係,如公式(9)所示:
請再參照第4圖所示,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇以一般油電混合車作為例,並選擇設定引擎功率74kW轉速範圍為0至5200rpm,馬達功率為61kW、其轉速範圍為1450至6500rpm,馬達發電機〔或馬達及發電機組合〕功率為42kW、其轉速範圍為-6500至6500rpm,系統總和輸出為100kW。
請再參照第5圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用各種齒數設計為:α=1、β=1,再根據公式(3)分別可決定該混合動力傳動整合系統1之全部齒數,如表一所示。本發明較佳實施例進一步將相對應的齒數帶入機構簡圖,如第5圖所示。
第7圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統應用於馬達與引擎功率之關係模擬示意圖。請參照第2、4及7圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用馬達與引擎之輸出功率分為四個 階段或其它複數個階段。例如:在第一階段時,其時速為0至40km/hr之間〔起步或低速行駛〕,此時僅由馬達經由該第二能量輸入端1b對該第一能量輸出端1c之輸出軸出力;在第二階段時,其時速為40至60km/hr之間〔中速行駛〕,此時將引擎能量經由該第一能量輸入端1a導入,同時經由該第二能量輸入端1b輸入之馬達出力亦會逐漸減 少;在第三階段時,其時速為60至140km/hr之間〔高速行駛〕,此時其主要輸出為引擎,而馬達只負責控制輸出轉速;在第四階段時,其時速為140至180km/hr之間〔極速行駛〕,此時將進一步經由該第二能量輸入端1b導入馬達之輸出能量,以便輔助引擎之輸出能量,以達成更好的動力輸出表現。
第8圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統於第一能量輸入端〔引擎〕、第二能量輸入端〔馬達〕及第一能量輸出端扭力之關係模擬示意圖,其對應於第2圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。請參照第8圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇採用馬達的設定扭矩為220Nm,引擎的設定扭矩為140Nm,並由公式(8)可推算馬達、輸出端與引擎的扭力關係,於此併入參考。
第9圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統於第一能量輸入端〔引擎〕、第二能量輸入端〔馬達〕及第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端〔馬達發電機或馬達及發電機組合,自由傳輸端〕轉速之關係模擬示意圖,其對應於第2圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。請參照第9圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇採用馬達的轉速上限為6500rpm,引擎的轉速上限為5200rpm,並由公式(5)可推算在各個轉速下馬達、引擎與發電機的轉速關係,於此併入參考。
第10圖揭示本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統於第一能量輸入端〔引擎〕及第二能量輸入端〔馬達〕及第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端〔馬達發電機或馬達及發電機組合,自由傳輸端〕功率之關係模擬示意圖,其對應於第2圖之混合動力傳動整合系統1。請參照第10圖所示,舉例而言,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力 傳動整合系統選擇採用在車輛煞車或行駛於下坡時,發電機輸出電力至蓄電池或其它負載,使其適當充電。本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統選擇馬達與引擎轉速上限分別為6500rpm及5200rpm,並由公式(9)可分析各種轉速下能回充多少能量,於此併入參考。
如第5及7至10圖所示,上述實驗模擬數據為在特定條件之下所獲得的初步實驗結果,其僅用以易於瞭解或參考本發明之技術內容而已,其尚需進行其他實驗或模擬。該實驗模擬數據及其模擬結果並非用以限制本發明之權利範圍。
本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統不同於其他機構,其採用一個馬達與一個馬達發電機的配置,其分別對應至兩個軸端,加上引擎對應之輸入端與輸出端共具有四個軸端,其包含二個轉速自由度與二個扭力自由度,其輸出端轉速只與主要出力馬達有關,且呈簡單的線性關係,出力馬達與馬達發電機只提供扭力的輸入條件,馬達發電機與輸出端之轉速無關。本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統在配置上亦可採用單一功能的發電機,以便將有助於降低成本。
另外,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統採用一個馬達及一個馬達發電機的配置設計,其可簡化控制上的需求,且其在構型設計上主要採用為周轉輪系,如此可避免採用行星齒輪系較高的加工成本。在車輛行駛時,本發明較佳實施例之混合動力傳動整合系統可能遇到的各種情況〔例如:起步、高速行駛或煞車等〕,在各種模式之下各軸端都能達到所需之配合,經過模擬分析證明可適用在油電混合車上。
前述較佳實施例僅舉例說明本發明及其技術特徵,該實施例之技術仍可適當進行各種實質等效修飾及/ 或替換方式予以實施;因此,本發明之權利範圍須視後附申請專利範圍所界定之範圍為準。本案著作權限制使用於中華民國專利申請用途。
1‧‧‧混合動力傳動整合系統
100‧‧‧可獨立控制傳動機構
1a‧‧‧第一能量輸入端
1b‧‧‧第二能量輸入端
1c‧‧‧第一能量輸出端
1d‧‧‧第二能量輸出端或第三能量輸入端

Claims (10)

  1. 一種混合動力傳動整合系統,其包含:一第一行星齒輪組;一第二行星齒輪組;一第一傳動連接組,其連接於該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組,該第一傳動連接組具有一第一能量輸入端;及一第二傳動連接組,其連接於該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組,該第二傳動連接組具有一第二能量輸入端、一第一能量輸出端及一自由傳輸端;其中該混合動力傳動整合系統控制該自由傳輸端,以自由切換該自由傳輸端做為一第二能量輸出端或一第三能量輸入端,如此經由該第二能量輸出端將一動能經轉換及儲存後,再由該第二能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統,或經由該第三能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統。
  2. 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統,其中該第一行星齒輪組包含一第一連接端及一第二連接端,而該第二行星齒輪組包含一第三連接端及一第四連接端,在組裝時,該第一傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第一連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第三連接端,而該第二傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第二連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第四連接端。
  3. 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統,其中該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組選自一正比式驅動式行星齒輪或一負比式驅動式行星齒輪。
  4. 依申請專利範圍第3項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統,其中該正比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一第一太陽齒輪、一第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一第二太陽齒輪、一第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一複式行星齒輪,而該負比式 驅動式行星齒輪包含一太陽齒輪、一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一環齒輪、一環齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一行星齒輪。
  5. 依申請專利範圍第1項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統,其中該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組分別包含三自由旋轉軸。
  6. 一種混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法,其包含:將一第一傳動連接組設置為具有一第一能量輸入端及一第一能量輸出端;將一第二傳動連接組設置為具有一第二能量輸入端及一自由傳輸端;將該第一傳動連接組連接於一第一行星齒輪組及一第二行星齒輪組;將該第二傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組;及將該自由傳輸端進行控制,以便自由切換該自由傳輸端做為一第二能量輸出端或一第三能量輸入端,如此經由該第二能量輸出端將一動能經轉換及儲存後,再由該第二能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統,或經由該第三能量輸入端進行輸入該儲存動能至該混合動力傳動整合系統。
  7. 依申請專利範圍第6項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法,其中該第一行星齒輪組包含一第一連接端及一第二連接端,而該第二行星齒輪組包含一第三連接端及一第四連接端,在組裝時,該第一傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第一連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第三連接端,而該第二傳動連接組連接於該第一行星齒輪組之第二連接端及第二行星齒輪組之第四連接端。
  8. 依申請專利範圍第6項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法,其中該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組選自一正比式驅動式行星齒輪或一負比式驅動式行星齒輪。
  9. 依申請專利範圍第8項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法,其中該正比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一第一太陽齒輪、一第一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一第二太陽齒輪、一第二太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一複式行星齒輪,而該負比式驅動式行星齒輪包含一太陽齒輪、一太陽齒輪旋轉軸、一環齒輪、一環齒輪旋轉軸、一行星臂及至少一行星齒輪。
  10. 依申請專利範圍第6項所述之混合動力傳動整合系統控制方法,其中該第一行星齒輪組及第二行星齒輪組分別包含三自由旋轉軸。
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